TW200816677A - Apparatus and method for wireless communication via at least one of directional and omni-direction antennas - Google Patents

Abstract

Techniques for using at least one of omni-directional and directional antennas for communication are described. A station may be equipped antenna elements selectable for use as an omni-directional antenna or one or more directional antennas. The station may select the omni-directional antenna or a directional antenna for use for communication based on various factors such as, e.g., whether the location or direction of a target station for communication is known, whether control frames or data frames are being exchanged, etc.

Description

200816677 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present disclosure relates generally to the transmission, reception, and reception of data in communications, satellite-to-wire communication, ..., [previous technology]

The wireless communication network may include many that can communicate with each other via I", the field wireless medium

妓 Taiwan. Each can be a fixed station or mobile A port and can be located anywhere within the wireless network. A given station A can exchange data with another a β 6 port 3 parent, and each unit can # 35 do not know where the other station is when the data is exchanged. The platform can be transmitted in all directions to improve the possibility of successful reception by station B. Similarly, station B can receive from all directions to improve the possibility of receiving transmissions from station A. However, multi-directional transmission from station A can cause interference with other stations in the vicinity. Similarly, multi-directional reception of station B can result in more interference being received from other stations. The interference caused by station A and the interference received by station can adversely affect the performance of all affected stations. Lu therefore has a need in the art for techniques to improve the performance of data transmission and reception in wireless communication networks. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Techniques for using at least one of multi-directional and directional antennas for communication are described herein. The directional antenna is available for less than 36 inches. An antenna for beamwidth transmission and/or reception of data (for example, from 1 to 120°). Multi-directional antennas for t by all 360. Or an antenna that transmits or/or receives most of the data. The antenna can be a specially designed antenna or can be formed or synthesized from a plurality of directional antennas. 121599.doc 200816677 In one aspect, the station can be equipped with antenna elements that can be selected for communication as a multi-directional antenna or one or more directional antennas, which can be implemented in various ways as described below. The station may select from the antenna elements for the most cost of the sky, line or directional antenna based on various factors, such as whether the communication destination or direction of the communication is known, whether the _ frame or the data frame is exchanged, or the like. In another aspect, the station can select a particular directional antenna from among the plurality of directional antennas available in various ways. For example, the station can estimate the received signal strength or received signal quality from the transmission of the target station of each of the plurality of directional antennas and can optionally have a high directivity of received signal strength or quality. antenna. The station can also select a directional antenna based on the position or orientation of the target station, which can be determined a priori or based on any positioning technique. In a specific design for IEEE 802.11, the station uses multi-directional antennas and finger lines to communicate with the target station for a request to send and allow transmission (RTS/CTS). The station can receive the rts frame from the target station via the multi-directional antenna and can select the directional antenna based, for example, on the direction of arrival of the RTS frame. The station can transmit the CTS frame to the target station via a multi-directional antenna. The station can then receive - or multiple data frames from the target station via the selected directional antenna for the duration indicated by the RTS frame. The station can be turned back to the multi-directional antenna after this duration. Various aspects and features of the present disclosure are described in more detail below. [Embodiment] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described below. It will be apparent that the teachings herein may be embodied in a variety of forms and that any of the features disclosed herein, or both, are representative. Based on the teachings herein, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the aspects disclosed herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and that two or more of the aspects can be applied in various ways. combination. For example, any number of aspects set forth herein can be used to implement an apparatus or a method of practice. In addition, the device or practice may be implemented using one or more of the aspects recited herein, or not, the structure, functionality, or structure and functionality of the one or the other. This method. 10 The techniques described herein can be used in wireless communication networks such as wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless metro networks (WMANs), wireless wide area networks (WWANs), wireless mesh networks, and the like. The terms "network" and "system" are often used interchangeably. The WLAN can implement any of the radio technologies in the IEEE 802.11 standard series, Hiperlan, and the like. WMAN can implement IEEE 802.16 and the like. The WWAN can be, for example, a code division multiple access (CDMA) network, a time division multiple access (TDMA) network, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) network, an orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) network, and a single carrier FDMA ( SC-FDMA) A cellular network such as a network. Some aspects of the techniques for implementing a wireless network of IEEE 802.11 are described below. - Figure 1 shows a WLAN 100 having an access point 110 and a plurality of stations 120. In general, a WLAN can include any number of access points and any number of v stations. A device that can communicate with another station via a wireless medium. The station can also be called a terminal, a mobile station, a user equipment, a subscriber station, and the like. The station can be a cellular phone, a handheld device, a wireless device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a laptop, a wireless data modem, a wireless telephone, and the like. Access Point 121599.doc 200816677 A station that provides access to an assigned service for a station associated with an access point via a wireless medium. The access point may also be referred to as a base station, a base transceiver station (BTS), a node B, and the like. The stations 12 can communicate with and/or communicate with each other via point-to-point communication ("." communication). The access point 110 can be coupled to the lean network 130 and can communicate with other devices via the data network. The data network 130 can be an internet, an internal network, or some other wired or wireless network. Figure 2 shows that it can be deployed in, for example, a campus area, a city center, a commercial street, or overnight, characterized by greater population density. Wireless mesh network 200 on the area of some other hot zone. The wireless mesh network 2 can operate according to IEEE 8〇211 radio technology or some other radio technology. Wireless mesh network 2〇〇 It includes a number of nodes, which are referred to as outlets 220, 230, and 240. The outlets 220 and 230 can forward traffic of other outlets. The outlets 24 are leaf outlets that do not forward traffic of other outlets. In general, each outlet can In the example shown in Figure 2, 'the outlets 220 and 230 can be access points and the outlets 240 can be leaf stations and/or access points. The access point 220 can be directly connected to the backhaul network. 21〇, the backhaul network 210 can act as a wireless mesh network 2〇 The backbone of the wired infrastructure. Deployment and operational costs can be reduced by having only a subset of the access points directly connected to the backhaul network 210. The access points 230 can communicate with one another via inter-access point mesh communication and/ Or communicate with access point 220 to exchange traffic via backhaul network 210. Access point 230 can serve as an entity that forwards traffic to access point 220. Leaf station 240 can communicate with access point 220 and/or 230. In the mesh network 200, the data (or packet) box may flow from the source to the destination via a route consisting of one or more networks 121599.doc 200816677 points. A routing algorithm may be used to determine that the frame passes through to reach the destination. A sequence of outlets. In some cases, the access point may be decelerated for other access points that are crowded and may request forwarding traffic to a crowded access point to relieve network congestion. Figure 3 shows the wireless network. A block diagram of two designs of 31" and 35". For WLAN 100 in Figure 1, station 310 can be an access point 11 and station 350 can be one of stations 120. Table 31 can also be station 12 One of the devices and the station 35 can be the access point 110. For the mesh network 2 in Figure 2 〇, each of the stations 31〇 and 35〇 may be a network point 220, 230 or 240. In general, the ''stage' in the description herein may be a station (sta) that does not provide access to the distribution service or An access point (AP) that provides access to the distribution service. The station 3 10 can use a plurality of (T) antenna elements 32A to 320t for data transmission and reception. The station 350 can use multiple (R) antenna elements 35 to 352" for data transmission and reception. In general, each of T and R can be any integer value. In some designs, each of T and R can be equal to 2 or 4. As described below, the antenna elements at each station can be used to synthesize multi-directional antennas and directional antennas. At station 3 10, the transmit (TX) data processor 3 12 can receive the traffic negative from the data source (not shown) and/or receive the direct data from the controller/selector/processor 330. TX data processor 312 can process (e. g., format, encode, interleave, and symbol map) the received data and generate data symbols, which are modulation symbols for the data. The τχ space processor 314 can use the pilot symbols to multiplex the data symbols, perform the transmission space processing when applicable, and provide the τ output symbol streams to the modulator (MOD), the demodulator (DEMOD), and the intersection 121599.doc • 10-200816677 Converter unit 318. Unit 318 can perform modulation (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) for each output symbol stream and generate an output chip stream. Unit 318 can further adjust (e.g., transform to analog, amplify, filter, upconvert, and power amplify) each output chip stream to produce a radio frequency (RF) signal. The unit can route T RF signals to τ antenna elements 32〇3 to 32〇t, which can transmit such RF signals. At the station 35, R antenna elements 352 & to 3521 can receive RF signals transmitted by the station, and each antenna 352 can provide the received signals to the modulator, demodulator, and switch unit 36. Hey. Unit 36A may process (e.g., demodulate and adjust) each received signal to obtain the received symbols in a manner complementary to the processing performed by unit 318. Receive (RX) spatial processor 360 may perform spatial matched filtering on all received R antenna elements 352 & 352 < 352 ' received symbols and provide data symbol estimates. 3 10 Estimation of the transmitted data symbols. The Rx data processor 362 can further process (e.g., symbol demap, deinterleave, and decode) the data symbol estimates and provide the decoded data to a data reservoir (not shown) and/or controller/selector/ Processor 370. Channel processor 374 can process the symbols received from unit 360 to derive channel estimates for port 3 10, received signal strength of received transmissions, and/or received signal quality, interference estimates, and the like. The processor 374 can derive the spatial filter, wave matrix used by the RX space attorney 360 for spatially matching the waves. Processor 374 may also derive a routing guidance matrix for transmission by τχ space processor 314. Processor 3 74 can also determine the wireless medium and/or other characteristics of the received transmission as described below. 121599.doc 200816677 The processing for the transmission from station 350 to station 310 can be the same or different than the processing for the transmission from station 31 to station 350. At station 350, traffic data from a data source (not shown) and/or other data from controller/selector/processor 37(eg, feedback information) may be processed by TX data processor 38 (eg, , coding, interleaving, and symbol mapping), multiplexed with pilot symbols and spatially processed by τχ spatial processor 382 and further processed (e.g., modulated and adjusted) by unit 360 to generate R RF signals, via antenna Elements 352a through 352r transmit the R rF signals. At station 310, the RF signals transmitted by station 350 can be received by antenna elements 32 (^ to 320t and processed by unit 318 to obtain the received symbols. The received symbols can be processed by RX spatial processor 34(e.g., spatially matched) Filtering) and further processing (e.g., symbol de-mapping, de-interleaving, and decoding) by RX data processor 342 to obtain decoded data. Channel processor 334 can process the received symbols from unit 3 18 to derive pair 35. The channel estimate, the received signal strength of the received transmission or the received signal quality, the interference estimate, etc. The processor 334 may derive a spatial filter matrix, a transmission steering matrix, etc. based on the channel estimate. The processor 334 may also determine the wireless medium and/or Or other features of the received transmission. Controller/Selector/Processor 33〇 and 37〇 can operate at consoles 31〇 and 35〇 respectively. For example, controller/selector/processor 33〇 and 37 〇可,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, A directional antenna and one or more directional antennas that can be used for data transmission and/or reception. In general, an antenna can be included in a set of antenna elements or antenna elements. The multi-directional and directional antennas can be included in the 121599.doc -12-200816677 antenna. It can be implemented in a variety of designs. These antennas may be formed by different antenna elements or may share a common antenna element. Multi-directional and directional antennas may also be selected for use in a variety of ways. Figure 4A shows a station 310 for use in Figure 3. A block diagram of a multi-directional and directional antenna design 410. In this design, the stage 31A includes T antenna elements 320a through 320t coupled to unit 318a, which is a design of unit 318 of FIG. In the design shown in Figure 4A, each antenna element 320 is associated with a multiplier 412, a switch 414, a modulator 416, and a demodulator 418. For data transmission via antenna element 320a, modulator 416a will The modulated signal is provided to a switch 414a which routes the signal to a multiplier 412a. The multiplier 412a multiplies the modulated signal by a weight W1 and provides a signal to the antenna 320. For data reception via antenna element 32a, multiplier 320a multiplies the received signal from antenna element 320a by a weight % and provides a scaled signal. Switch 414a routes the scaled signal from multiplier 412a To demodulator 418a, the ## for the parent of antenna elements 32〇b to 320t can be routed and scaled in a manner similar to the signal for antenna element 32〇a. Weight % to WT can be selected The multi-directional beam or directional beam and antenna elements 320a through 320t are synthesized. The weights may depend on the design and placement of the antenna elements 32a through 32"t, the desired beam, and possibly other factors. Weights can be determined based on computer simulations, empirical measurements, etc. The weight % to ~ can be applied to the RFk number as shown in the figure or applied to the modulator 416 and the demodulator 418, such as the 121599.doc -13·200816677 ratio signal. Weighting can also be applied by the TX spatial processor 314 of Figure 3 to digital signals in the transmission path and/or digital signals applied by the RX spatial processor 34 to the receive path. In general, antenna elements 320a through 320t can be used to synthesize any number of antennas. In one design, antenna elements 32 〇 & to 32 〇 1 are used for synthesis at approximately 120. The three directional antennas that are spaced outwardly. The beam of each directional antenna can have more than 120. The beamwidth is wide enough to be adjacent to the adjacent beam at the edge. It is also possible to synthesize fewer or more directional antennas. In general, the antenna element 32 (^ to 32〇t can be used to synthesize any number of directional antennas that can be pointed in a particular direction (eg, 120 apart) or can be separated by a small angular increment. Figure 4B shows A block diagram of a multi-directional and directional antenna design 430 of the stage 31 of Figure 3. In this design, the stage 31 includes four sets of τ antenna elements coupled to the unit ribs, the unit 318b being The other set includes the τ antenna elements 320a0 to 32_ for the multidirectional antenna. The second set includes the antenna elements 32〇al to the directional antenna for the fan. 320tl. The third set includes τ antenna elements 320a2 to 32〇t2 for the directional antenna of sector 2. The fourth set includes T antenna elements 320a3 to 320t3 with directional antennas of sector 3. The three directional antennas of the three sectors can be approximately 12 〇. The spacing is outward, and a directional antenna can have a beamwidth of more than 12. The antenna-set of antenna elements can be designed to achieve The desired beam for the corresponding multi-directional or directional antenna. Improved performance is achieved by using different sets of antenna elements for each antenna beam. 121599.doc -14- 200816677 One of the four sets of antenna elements can be selected for communication. Selection of τ antenna elements The set may correspond to antenna elements 320a through 320t of Figure 3. Unit 318b includes T switches 434a through 434t, T modulators 436a through 436t, and T demodulators 438a through 438t. Switch 434a is coupled to four. The four antenna elements 320a0, 320al, 320a2, and 320a3 in the set are further coupled to a modulator 436a and a demodulator 438a. For data transmission, the switch 434a couples the modulated signals from the modulator 436a. To the antenna elements in the selected set. For data reception, the switch 434a couples the received signals from the antenna elements in the selected set to the demodulator 438a. The switches, modulators, and demodulators of other antenna elements can It is coupled and operated in a manner similar to switch 434a, modulator 436a, and demodulator 438a. Figure 4C shows a block diagram of a design 450 for a multi-directional and directional antenna for stage 310 of Figure 3. Medium, Taiwan 31 0 includes three sets of T antenna elements coupled to unit 318c, which is yet another design of unit 318 of Figure 3. The first set includes T antenna elements 320al through 320tl and the second set includes T antennas Elements 320a2 through 320t2, and the third set includes τ antenna elements 320a3 through 320t3 as described above for Figure 4A. One of the three sets of antenna elements can be selected for a directional antenna, or all three sets Can be selected for multi-directional antennas. The virtual antenna can be formed by combining three of the three antenna elements (e.g., antenna elements 320al, 320a2, and 320a3). Unit 318c includes T sets of circuits, each of which includes switches 452, 454, and 456, combiner 462, switch 464, modulators 466 121599.doc -15-200816677, and demodulator 468. Switch 452a couples antenna element 320al to combiner 462a when selecting a multi-directional antenna and couples antenna element 320al to switch 464a when selecting a directional antenna for sector 1. Switch 452b couples antenna element 320a2 to combiner 462a when selecting a multi-directional antenna and couples antenna element 320a2 to switch 464a when selecting a directional antenna for sector 2. Switch 452c couples antenna element 320a3 to combiner 462a when selecting a multi-directional antenna and couples antenna element 320a3 to switch 464a when selecting a directional antenna for sector 3. For data transmission, combiner 462a receives the signal from switch 464a and provides the signals to switches 452a, 452b, and 452c. For data reception, combiner 462a combines the received signals from switches 452a, 452b, and 452c and provides the combined signals to switch 464a. For data transmission, switch 464a couples the modulated signal from modulator 466a to switch 452a, 452b or 452c or combiner 462a. For data reception, switch 434a couples the signals from switch 452a, 452b or 452c or combiner 462a to demodulator 43 8a. The switches, combiners, modulators, and demodulators of other antenna elements can be coupled and operated in a manner similar to the switches, combiners, modulators, and demodulators of the first antenna elements. In another design, station 310 includes (1) a first set of at least one antenna for communicating with other stations in the wireless network and (2) a second set of at least one antenna for use with another Network (for example, backhaul network) communication. The first day line set can be designed for the first frequency band (e.g., 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz for IEEE 802.11) or some other frequency band. The second set of antennas can be designed for use in a second frequency band (e.g., 3.5 GHz) or some other frequency band. The antenna set 121599.doc -16- 200816677 may include both a multi-directional antenna and a directional antenna and may be implemented as shown in Figure 4A, Figure 4B or Figure 4C. Or 'the antenna set may only include a multi-directional antenna. In one design, the first set includes only multi-directional antennas, and the second set includes both multi-directional antennas and directional antennas. A separate transmit and receive circuit can be used for the two antenna sets. In this case, the station 31 can be capable of simultaneously communicating with two stations via the two antenna sets (eg, communicating with stations in the mesh network via the first antenna set and meshing via the second antenna set) Access point communication). Figure 5A shows an exemplary multi-directional beam pattern that can be obtained using the antenna design shown in Figure 4A, Figure 4B, or Figure 4C. This multi-directional beam pattern has similar antenna gain for all spatial directions. Figure 5B shows an exemplary directional beam pattern that can be learned using the antenna design shown in Figure 4A, Figure 4B, or Figure 4C. This directional beam pattern has a chirped antenna gain that exceeds the beamwidth and a small antenna gain that is outside the beamwidth. The beamwidth can be selected based on the number of sectors supported and the desired amount of overlap between the directional beams. 4A-4C show three exemplary designs for multi-directional and directional antennas that can be used for stations 310 and 350. Other designs can also be used to implement multi-directional and directional antennas. These antennas can also be implemented with any number of antenna elements. The antenna element may be a dipole antenna, a patch antenna, an antenna, a strip antenna, a printed dipole antenna, and an inverted F antenna. Wait. The following aspects can be applied to the communication between stations 310 and 350: Antenna selection - refers to the choice of multi-directional antenna or directional antenna for communication. 121599.doc -17- 200816677; sector selection - refers to self-availability The selection of a particular directional antenna among all directional antennas used at one station; and rate selection - refers to the selection of one or more data rates for transmission. For the sake of clarity, the following description is mostly based on a perspective view of stage 310. Station 350 is the target station to which the target station is to exchange (e.g., send and/or receive) packets. Antenna selection can be performed based on various criteria such as whether the location or direction of the target station 35 is known, the type of information transmitted or received, the received signal strength/quality of the target station 35, interference from other stations, etc. . In one design, a multi-directional antenna is selected for use at the location or orientation of the unknown target station 35 or when targeting multiple stations. The station 31 can receive frames from any of the wireless networks at any given time. Station 3 1〇 can receive frames from a station at an unknown location using a multi-directional antenna. The multi-directional antenna can also be used to transmit the frame to a station at an unknown location. The station 31 can also use a multi-directional antenna to send a given frame (e.g., a control box) to a plurality of stations at known or unknown locations. In the U"10, the pointing antenna is selected for use when the position or direction of the target station 350 is known. The position or direction of the target station (4) can be determined based on the transmission transmitted by the target station 35, the position estimation of the target station 35G, and the like. Stage 3 10 can select a multi-directional or directional antenna for communicating with the target station based on the situation. The station 310 can also spontaneously select a multi-directional or directional antenna without input from the target station 35. The use of directional antennas (when possible) can increase the space reuse in wireless networks, which can improve the performance of the total 121599.doc -18- 200816677. Sector selection can be performed in a variety of ways. In one design, sector selection is performed based on the received still number strength or received power. The station 3 can be transmitted from the target station 35 via each of the directional antennas available at station 310. Stage 310 can determine the received signal strength for each directional antenna, for example, by summing the received power of the received signals of the τ antenna elements of the directional antenna. Stage 310 can sum the received power of each directional antenna in different ways for different antenna designs. For example, station 3 10 can synthesize different directional antennas and different sets of weights applied by Rx space processor 34 。. In this case, the station 31 can multiply the received symbols from unit 318 by the set of weights for each directional antenna to obtain the output symbols of the directional antenna, and can then be based on the output symbols. Determine the received signal strength of the directional antenna. In any case, the station 3 1 〇 can select the directional antenna with the strongest received signal strength for use. In another design, sector selection is performed based on the received signal quality, and the received signal quality may be given by a signal to noise ratio (SNR), a signal to noise and interference ratio (SINR), a carrier to interference ratio (C/I), etc. Out. The received signal quality takes into account the received power as well as noise and interference. Therefore, the received signal quality can be more suitable for selecting the data rate for data transmission. The station 3 1 接收 can receive transmissions from the target station 350 via each of the directional antennas. The station 31 can determine the received signal quality for each directional antenna transmission and can select the directional antenna with the highest received signal quality. In yet another design, sector selection is performed based on prior information of the target station 350. The position or orientation of the target station 121599.doc -19-200816677 350 can be determined, for example, based on any of the designs described above. The directional antenna can be selected for use in the station 35 and stored in the memory. Thereafter, if the same target station 35 is encountered, the directional antenna previously selected for the station can be retrieved from the memory and used to communicate with the station. The directional antenna can be confirmed, for example, based on the received signal $ or the received signal quality during the current communication to ensure that the directional antenna captured is still the best antenna. In yet another design, sector selection is performed based on a lookup table containing information about other stations in the wireless network. This information can include the location of each station '4 directions, directional antennas for each station, etc. This information can be updated as long as the transmission is received from another station. Rate selection can be performed based on various factors such as the quality of the received signal, the antenna selected for use, the type of transmission to be transmitted, interference estimation, and the like. Different antennas can be associated with different antenna gains, which can be a priori specialized and known. One or more data rates can be selected by considering the different antenna gains of the different antennas used by stations 31 and 35. The station 310 can use its antenna elements to transmit or receive single-input single-output (siso) transmission, single-input multiple-output (SIM〇) transmission, multiple-input single-output (〇) transmission, or multiple-input multiple-output (]\41]\ 4〇) Transmission. A single data stream can be transmitted for a single virtual antenna corresponding to the selected multi-directional or directional antenna for |51;5〇 or 31〇. For Mls, the station 31 can transmit a single stream of data via multiple antenna elements of the selected antenna. For ΜΙΜΌ, the station can simultaneously transmit multiple data streams via multiple antenna elements. Each data stream can be transmitted from an antenna element in multiple directions. The parent data stream can also be transmitted from all antenna elements using the Λ ί V, and therefore each data stream is transmitted on the directional/acoustic antenna for the data stream selected 121599.doc -20-200816677. Different data streams can be sent over different directional/virtual antennas using different transport vector guides.

Stage 310 can estimate the interference observed via the multi-directional antenna Γ per-directional antenna. The station 31G can estimate the interference on the antenna by measuring the received power of the given antenna when the station (10) does not transmit or receive the packet, and therefore the power received is (4) transmitted from other stations. The station can be transmitted at any time' so the interference can fluctuate over time and can be quantified by statistical parameters. In a design, the interference of a given antenna can be given by a cumulative density function (CDF), which indicates (the percentage of time that the measured interference is below λ for a given interference level β. For example, CDF can indicate interference The level is _85 dBm for directional antennas and 5% dBm for 5% time for directional antennas. For data reception, station 310 can estimate the received signal quality for transmissions from target stations 35 。. The station 310 can select the data rate based on the received signal quality, for example, using a lookup table of data rate versus received signal quality. The station 31 can also apply compensation based on the interference estimate. For example, the station 31 can receive the data. The signal quality is reduced by the amount of interference estimate and the data rate can be selected based on the reduced received signal quality. For ΜΙΜΟ transmission, station 310 can perform (1) hierarchical selection to determine the number of streams to be transmitted and (2) stream Selecting to determine which antenna element or which virtual antenna will be used for each data stream. Station 310 can also perform speed based on received signal quality and possible interference estimates. Select 'to select the appropriate data rate for each data stream or common data rate for all data streams. 121599.doc -21- 200816677 Port 3 10 can estimate the transmission from station 35 based on multi-directional antenna The signal quality is received and a directional antenna can be selected for use. In such a situation, station 310 can adjust the received signal quality or data rate to account for component gain, antenna gain, and/or interference rejection of the multi-directional and directional antennas. The station 310 can also use the data rate determined from the multi-directional antenna as the lower limit of the data rate of the directional antenna. The station 3 10 can be selected for one or one based on the received signal quality, the difference in antenna gain, the interference estimate, and the like. One or more data rates of the plurality of data streams. The station 3 10 can transmit the selected data rate to the station 35, which can transmit the data at a selected data rate. For data transmission, the station 310 can, for example, use multiple directions. The antenna transmits the transmission to the target station 350. The station 350 can estimate the received signal quality, select one or more data rates based on the received signal quality, and will select The data rate is sent to the station 310. If the station 310 transmits the initial transmission using the multi-directional antenna and selects the directional antenna for subsequent data transmission to the station 350, the station 31 can adjust the data rate received from the station 350 to consider Differences in component gain, antenna gain, and/or interference rejection for multi-directional and directional antennas. Station 310 can use interference estimates to compensate for data rates. Station 31 can also use interference estimates to select antennas. For example, selectable Antennas with less interference or may not use antennas with excessive interference. Figure 6A shows the design of the process for antenna selection. It can be made by a station (for example, an IEEE 802.U WLAN or an access point in a mesh network). Or Taiwan) to perform process 600. A multi-directional antenna or directional antenna can be selected for communication (step 612). The antenna selection in steps 612 121599.doc -22-200816677 can be performed in various ways and based on various factors. In the design, the multidirectional antenna can be selected at the position or direction of the target station of unknown communication and the directional antenna can be selected when the position or direction of the target station is known. In another design, a multi-directional antenna can be selected for the control box, and the finger antenna can be selected for the data frame when the position or direction of the target station is known. The directional antenna is selected from a plurality of (for example, three) directional antennas that are available for use, or the directional antenna can be synthesized based on transmissions received from the target station. The selection antenna can be used to communicate (e.g., to transmit and/or receive data (step 614). Multi-directional and directional antennas are available in a variety of ways. In one design, a collection of antenna 7G components can be used for communication. The multi-directional and directional antennas can be combined with this set of antenna components, for example as shown in Figure 4A. In another design, the multi-directional antenna can be implemented using at least one antenna element, and at least one directional antenna can be implemented using at least one of the antenna elements, for example, as shown in Figure 4B. In yet another design, multiple directional antennas can be implemented using multiple sets of antenna elements, and multiple sets of antenna elements can be used to form the multi-directional antenna, such as shown in Figure 4C. Multi-directional and directional antennas can be implemented or synthesized in other ways. FIG. 6B shows a design of an apparatus 650 for antenna selection. Apparatus 650 includes means (module 652) for use in a multi-directional antenna or directional antenna for overnight use, and means for communicating selected antennas, for example, to transmit and/or receive lean materials ( Module 654). Modules 652 and 654 can include one or more integrated circuits (1C), processors, electronics, hardware devices, electronic components, logic circuits, memory, and the like, or any combination thereof. Figure 7 shows the design of the process that is not used for sector selection. It can be received from Taiwan. 121599.doc -23 - 200816677 奸m 2). Can be received via a multi-directional antenna = "The directional antenna can be a true multi-directional antenna or can be synthesized by multiple fingers (eg, by receiving transmissions via all such directional antennas). Can be based on the received transmission from the set of antennas Select finger (step 71. The antenna set may contain only directional antennas or both multi-directional antennas and} anisotropic antennas. Green can be implemented using different sets of antennas.

A directional antenna (eg, as shown in Figures 4B and 4C) or a plurality of directional antennas can be synthesized based on an earlier set of antenna elements, as shown in Figure 10A. - In the design, the direction of arrival of the transmission can be determined. The directional antenna closest to the direction of arrival of the transmission can be selected from among the plurality of directional antennas available for use. In another design, at least one antenna element can be transferred to the transmission. Wheel = direction of arrival. In a re-design, the received signal strength of the transmission can be determined for each of the plurality of directional antennas, and the directional antenna having the highest received signal strength can be selected. The directional antenna with the highest received signal quality can be selected for each of the plurality of directional antennas, and the directional antenna can be selected based on the interference estimate. The selected directional antenna is used for communication with the station (step ◦ 对于. For data reception, at least one data frame can be received from the station via the 敎 directional antenna. For data transmission, the selected directional antenna can be A little information

The box is sent to the station. A Figure 8 shows the design of the process for rate selection. The transmission from the station can be received via a multi-directional antenna (step 812). The directional antenna can be selected based on the received pass (step 814). The 杳, 择 枓 可 ( ( 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( The data can be exchanged with the station via the selected pointing antenna and according to the selected data rate (step is called. For the step 816', the received signal quality of the transmission can be estimated. The interference to the selected directional antenna can also be estimated. The antenna can be scattered in the multi-directional antenna. The difference between the gain of the antenna of the gain and return directional antennas. The feed rate can be selected based on the received signal quality, the interference estimate, the difference in antenna gain, or any combination thereof. The data rate can also be selected based on other factors.

Depending on how the data stream is processed and sent, one or more rates can be selected for the ΜΙΜΟ transmission. Figure 9A shows the design of a process 900 for operating one on a rain gold > The station can communicate with the first station on the first link via the multi-directional antenna (step 912). The station can communicate with the second station on the second link via the directional antenna (step 9U). The first link can be used for wireless medium shared by stations in a wireless network (e.g., a 802.U WLAN or mesh network). The second link can be used to return to the '(four) point. The first link and the first link may be the same or different frequency bands. The station can simultaneously communicate with the second station on the second frequency band on the first frequency band. The first frequency band and the second frequency band may be heavy or not heavy. If these bands overlap ' then they may partially overlap or one band may overlap completely with another band. The first link and the second link can be used for the same wireless network and the first and second stations can be the same. In one design, the control frame can be exchanged over the first link via a multi-directional antenna and the data frame can be exchanged over the first link via a directional antenna. A multi-directional antenna (for example) can be used minimally to capture a small amount of data to determine which directional antenna should be used. 12I599.doc • 25- 200816677 Figure 9B shows the design of a device 95 for operation on two links. Apparatus 950 includes means for communicating with a first station over a first link via a multi-directional antenna (block 952), and means for communicating with a second station over a second link via a directional antenna (block 95 4) . Modules 952 and 954 can include a plurality of 1C, processors, electronics, hardware devices, electronic components, logic circuits, memory, etc., or any combination thereof. Multi-directional and directional antennas can be used for communication in a variety of ways. The following description of these antennas is used for one specific use of communication. In IEEE 802.11, the station strives for wireless media through the Carrier Sense Multiple Access Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol, which prevents adjacent stations from transmitting at the same time. In addition, the station can reserve a certain amount of time for transmission over the wireless medium by using RTS/CTS exchange. For this exchange, a given station A can send an iRTS frame containing the requested duration to another B, which can be the access point for this exchange. The requested duration may cover the amount of time required to transmit the waiting data and the associated signal transmission. Station B can grant the request and send the CTS frame to station a. Station A can then transmit over the wireless medium for the duration of the grant. The RTS/CTS exchange is intended to prevent interference from hidden nodes that are outside the communication range of each other but can still cause interference to each other. For example, two stations on opposite sides of the access point may be hidden from each other, but their transmission may interfere with each other at the access point. In order to make the rTS/cts exchange effective, all neighboring stations in the vicinity of stations A and B should be able to decode the RTS frame and/or CTS frame and set the network according to the duration of the inclusion in the RTS frame and CTS frame. Configuration vector (NAV) timer. Since the RTS frame and the 121599.doc • 26 - 200816677 CTS frame can be reached from any direction, each of the available parties can remain stationary, and the transmission from such adjacent stations can be Interfere with transmissions from station eight or B and reduce the effective rate of transmission. A directional antenna can be used to reduce the adverse effects of interference by suppressing interference arriving in a direction away from the direction of the transmitting station and the receiving station. This interference rejection improves SNR and allows for a higher data rate. Therefore, these frames are received by the antenna in conjunction with the RTS/CTs. The station may always receive the ACTStMl, such as the RTS frame, via the multi-directional antenna. (4) It is difficult to ensure that these control boxes can be received. As such, for example, due to geographic location and other factors, there may be stations that are unable to decode adjacent RTS frames and/or cts frames. Therefore, such neighbouring stations may not be able to survive the duration of the grant.

Use a directional antenna to enhance throughput. Figure 10A shows a design of a process 1000 performed by a transmission station A for RTS/CTS exchange. Initially, station A selects a multi-directional antenna for transmission (step 1012). Station A can transmit the RTS frame containing the requested duration to the receiving station B via the multi-directional antenna (steps 1 - 14). Thereafter, station A receives the CTS frame from station b (step 1016) and, for example, uses any of the above designs to determine the direction of arrival of the CTS frame (step ι 18). Station a selects the directional antenna closest to the direction of arrival of the CTS frame, which is in the direction of receiving station B (step 1020). Stage A then begins at a short interframe space (SIFS) time and transmits one or more data frames to station B via the selected directional antenna for the duration of the grant (step 1022). Station B can receive data frames from station A using multi-directional or directional antennas. The transmission station A can be switched back to the multi-directional antenna after the duration of the grant. 121599.doc -27- 200816677 Transmitter A can transmit less data to other stations by using a directional antenna to transmit the data frame to the receiving station B. In addition, directional antennas may have a higher gain than multi-directional antennas, which may allow for a higher data rate for transmission from station A to station b. Once the data transfer to station B is completed, station A can be changed back to multi-directional transmission. Figure 10B shows the design of a device for RTS/CTS exchange. Apparatus 1050 includes means for selecting a multi-directional antenna for transmission (module 1052), means for transmitting an RTS frame containing the requested duration to a receiving station b via a multi-directional antenna (module 1 〇 54), means for receiving a cts frame from the station b (module 1056), means for determining the direction of arrival of the CTS frame (module 1058), for selecting the directivity of the direction of arrival of the closest CTS frame The components of the antenna (module! 〇6〇), and the means for transmitting one or more data frames to the receiving station B via the selected directional antenna starting at SIFS time and within the duration of the grant (module 1〇) 62). Modules 〇52 through 1062 may include one or more of 1 (:, processor, electronic device, hardware device, electronic component, logic circuit, memory, etc., or any combination thereof. Figure 10A and Figure 10B In design, the transmitting station a uses directional data transmission for the duration of the rTS/cts exchange when the direction of the receiving station B is known. The station A uses multi-directional transmission at other times when the direction of the receiving station may not be known. A therefore uses directional transmission and can enhance throughput in a manner compatible with IEEE 802.11 backtracking. Figure 11A shows the design of a process U00 performed by receiving station B for rts/CTS exchange. Initially, station B is selected for The multi-directional antenna is received by the data (step 1112). The station B receives the RTS frame from the transmission station A and determines the expected destination/receiver of the RTS message 121599.doc -28-200816677 (step 1114). The destination of the RTS frame (the answer in step 1116 is, is "), then station B transmits the CTS frame via the multi-directional antenna (step 1118). Station B (for example) uses any of the above designs to determine The direction of arrival of the RT S frame (step 1120). A directional antenna close to the direction of arrival of the RTS frame, the direction of arrival is the direction of the transmission station a (step 1122). The transmission station A receives the CTS frame and can start transmitting the data frame using the multi-directional antenna or the directional antenna. If the station B is in the SIFS time > (the data is detected (the answer is yes in step 1124), then the station B receives one or more data frames from the station A via the selected directional antenna for the duration of the grant (step 1丨) 26). After the duration of the grant or during the SIFS time, the data is not detected by the station A (the answer is no, the answer is no), or the station B is not the intended recipient of the RTS frame (the answer in step 1116 is "No"), station B can be switched back to the multi-directional antenna. Since station B uses the directional antenna to receive the data frame from station A, it can suppress interference from other stations. Therefore, it is possible to receive data when there is no directivity reception. Compared with the rate, the higher data rate can be used for the transmission from station A to station b. Once the data transmission from station A ends, station B can be changed back to multi-directional reception. Figure 11B shows the RTS/CTS exchange. The design of the device 1150. 1150 includes means for selecting a multi-directional antenna for data reception (block 1152), means for receiving an RTS frame from transmission station a and determining an intended destination/receiver of the RTS frame (block 1154), A means for transmitting a CTS frame via a multi-directional antenna (block 1156), means for determining the direction of arrival of the RTS frame (block 1158), for selecting the closest RTS frame to 121599.doc -29-200816677 A component of the directional antenna of direction (block 1160), and means for receiving one or more data frames from station A via the selected directional antenna within the granted interval (block 1162). Modules 1152 through 1162 may comprise one or more 1C, a processor, an electronic device, a hardware device, an electronic component, a logic circuit, a meta-memory, etc., or any combination thereof. In the design shown in Figures 11A and 11B, receiving station B uses directional reception for the duration of the RTS/CTS exchange when the direction of transmission station A is known. Station B uses multi-directional reception at other times when the direction of the transmission station may not be known. Station B therefore uses directional reception in a manner that is compatible with IEEE 802.11 backtracking and can enhance throughput. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different processes and techniques. For example, the materials, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referred to in the above description may be voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or light particles or any of them. Combined to represent. It will be further appreciated that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein can be implemented as an electronic hardware, a computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, the functionality of the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are generally described above. Whether this functionality is implemented as a hardware or software depends on the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. The skilled person will be able to implement the described functionality in a manner that can be varied for each particular application, but should not be construed as a departure from the scope of the disclosure. 121599.doc -30· 200816677 You can use the phased implementation of the (4) processor, digital signal processor (DSP), integrated circuit (IC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other Stylized logic (4), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, implements and/or performs various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure herein. Ic can be a special application integrated circuit (ASIC) and can include - or multiple processors, memory, etc., or any combination thereof. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative embodiment the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as: a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a combination of a plurality of microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors and a DSP core, or any other such group state. The apparatus for carrying out the techniques described herein can be redundant, including an apparatus of a set of ICs or an ic, any one of the above-described hardware units, or a combination thereof, and the like. The steps of the method or algorithm described in connection with the disclosure herein may be embodied directly in the hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. The software module can be resident in RAM memory, flash memory, r〇m memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, scratchpad, hard disk, removable disk 'CD-ROM, or has been used in this technology. Know any other form of storage media. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. In an alternate embodiment, the storage medium can be integrated with the processor. The processor and storage media can be resident in a 1C. The 1(: can reside in a user terminal. In an alternative embodiment, the processor and the storage medium can reside as a discrete component in the user terminal. 121599.doc -31 · 200816677 Providing the disclosure The previous description is intended to enable a person skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art and without departing from the scope of the disclosure. The general principles are applicable to other variations. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be consistent with the broadest scopes consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Figure 1 shows a wireless local area network (WLAN). Figure 2 shows a wireless mesh network. Figure 3 shows a block diagram of two stations in a wireless network. Figure 4A, Figure 4B and Figure 4C show multi-directionality and directivity. Three designs of antennas. Figure 5A shows an exemplary multi-directional beam pattern. Figure 5B shows an exemplary directional beam pattern. Figure 6A and Figure 6B show antenna selection, respectively. The process and apparatus are shown in Figure 7. The process for sector selection is shown in Figure 8. Figure 9A and Figure 9B show a process and apparatus for operating one station on two links, respectively. 10A and 10B respectively show a process and apparatus for transmitting a data frame in a lamp 8/(:1^ exchange. Figures 11A and 11B respectively show a process and apparatus for receiving a data frame in an exchange. 121599.doc -32- 200816677 [Main component symbol description]

100 Wireless Local Area Network 110 Access Point 120 Units 130 Data Network 200 Wireless Mesh Network 210 Backhaul Network 220 Network Point 230 Network Point 240 Network Point 310 Station 312 Transmission Data Processor 314 Transmission Space Processor 318 Modulator, Demodulation And switch unit 318a XiXJ early morning 318b early 318c XJtJ early morning 320a antenna element 320a0 antenna element 320al antenna element 320a2 antenna element 320a3 antenna element 320b antenna element 320t antenna element 121599.doc -33- 200816677 320t0 antenna element 320tl antenna element 320t2 antenna element 320t3 antenna element 330 controller/selector/processor 332 memory 334 channel processor 340 receive space processor 342 receive data processor 350 station 352a antenna element 352r antenna element 360 switch unit / receive space processor 362 Receive Data Processor 370 Controller/Selector/Processor 372 Memory 374 Channel Processor 380 Transfer Data Processor 382 Transfer Space Processor 410 Design 412a Multiply 1 § 414a Switch 416a Modulator 418a Demodulator 121599. Doc • 34- 200816677

430 434a 434t 436a 436t 438a 43 8t 450 452a 452t 462a 464a 466a 650 652

654 950 952 954 1050 Design Switcher Modulator Modulator Demodulator Demodulator Design Switcher Switcher Switcher Modulators are used to select multi-directional or directional antennas for communication A module for using a selected antenna for communicating, for example, to transmit and/or receive data, for use in a module for communicating with a first station on a first link via a multi-directional antenna for use via a directional antenna Module device for communication with the second station on the second link 121599.doc -35- 200816677 1052 1054 1056 1058 1060 The module for selecting the multi-directional antenna for transmission is used to carry the requested duration via the multi-directional antenna The module of the time RTS frame transmitted to the receiving station B is used to receive the CTS frame from the station B. The module for determining the direction of arrival of the CTS frame is used to select the directivity of the direction of arrival of the CTS frame. Antenna module 1062

A module for transmitting one or more data frames to a receiving station B via a selected directional antenna starting at SIFS time and for a duration of grant 1150 device 1152 1154

1156 1158 1160 1162 A module for selecting a multi-directional antenna for data reception is used to receive an RTS frame from transmission station A and determine the intended destination/receiver module of the RTS frame for use via a multi-directional antenna The module for transmitting the CTS frame is used to determine the direction of arrival of the RTS frame. The module for selecting the directional antenna closest to the direction of arrival of the RTS frame is used to select the directional antenna for the duration of the grant. Platform A receives one or more data frame modules 121599.doc -36-

Claims (1)

200816677 X. Patent application scope: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: at least one integrated circuit configured to select one of a multi-directional or directional antenna for communication and to use the more antenna for communication. The device of claim 1 wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to select the multi-directional, in the position or direction of the target station, without knowing the position or direction of the target station Select the directional antenna. The device of item 1, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to select a t-directional antenna for exchanging a control frame and selecting the directional antenna for switching when known in a position or direction of a target station for communication Information box. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of antenna elements operative to communicate as the multi-directional antenna or the directional antenna. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a first set of at least one antenna element for the multi-directional antenna; and a second set of at least one antenna element for the directional antenna. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a plurality of antenna elements for the plurality of directional antennas, and wherein the multi-directional antenna is formed based on the plurality of antenna elements. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is further configured to receive the transmission from one of the plurality of directional antennas via the multi-directional antenna, and select the direction based on the received set of one of the transmitted directional antennas Antenna and 121599.doc 200816677 The selected directional antenna is used for communication with the station. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the transmission comprises a control box. 9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to determine an arrival direction of the transmission and select the directional antenna from the set of directional antennas based on the direction of arrival. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to determine, for each of the plurality of directional antennas of the set of directional antennas, the transmission received from the station The signal strength is received and the directional antenna having the most received signal strength is selected. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to determine, for each of the plurality of directional antennas of the set of ♦ animated antennas, the transmission received from the station The signal quality is received and the directional antenna having the most received signal quality is selected. 12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to estimate interference for each of a plurality of directional antennas of the set of directional antennas and based on the estimated interference The directional antenna is selected from the plurality of directional antennas. 13. The device of claim 7, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to receive at least one data frame from the station via the selected directional antenna. 14. The device of claim 7, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to transmit at least one data frame to the station via a "black-selective directional antenna." An integrated circuit is configured to select a data rate based on the received transmission and the selected directional antenna and exchange data with the selected directional antenna and according to the selected data rate with the 誃121599.doc 200816677 station: The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to estimate a received signal f of the passer, and determine between an antenna hurricane of the multidirectional antenna and an antenna gain of the selected directional antenna a difference, the received signal quality and the difference between the antenna gains to select the data rate. The device of claim 15, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to estimate 4 for the selected directivity The interference of the antenna and the step of selecting the data rate based on the estimated response. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to estimate a received signal of the transmitting wheel Quality, based on the estimated interference, reduces the received signal quality, and selects the data rate based on the reduced received signal quality. 19. A method for wireless communication, comprising: selecting one of a plurality of communications a directional antenna or a directional antenna; and 0 for the selected antenna for communication. 20_ The method of claim 19, wherein the step of selecting the multidirectional antenna or the directional antenna comprises: Selecting the multi-directional antenna when selecting the position or direction of the target station; and selecting the directional antenna when the position or direction of the target station is known. 21. The method of claim 19, wherein the multi-directional antenna or The directional antenna includes: 121599.doc 200816677 selecting the multi-directional antenna for exchanging the control frame; and selecting the directional antenna when a position of the target station for communication or the direction of the ancient a ^1a is known The method of claim 19, wherein the method of claim 19 further comprises: providing a plurality of antenna elements 'which can be selected for use as the multi-directional day Or the directional antenna is in communication. The method of claim 19, further comprising: providing a first set of at least one antenna element as the multi-directional antenna; and providing a second set of at least one antenna element as the pointing The method of claim 19, further comprising: providing a plurality of antenna elements as the plurality of directional antennas, and forming the multi-directional antenna based on the plurality of antenna elements. 25. The method of claim 19, The method includes: receiving, by the multi-directional antenna, a transmission from a station; selecting a directional antenna based on the received transmission directional antenna; and μ^ using the selected directional antenna for communication with the station. 26. The method of claim 25 wherein the transmission comprises a control box. 7. The method of claim 25, wherein the step of selecting the directional antenna determines the direction of arrival of the transport wheel; and > 匕3 selecting the antenna from the set of directional antennas based on the direction of arrival. The method of claim 25, wherein the step of selecting the directional antenna comprises determining, for each of the plurality of directional antennas of the set of directional antennas, the received signal of the transmission. Intensity; and, the directional antenna having the highest received signal strength. The method of claim 25, wherein the step of selecting the directional antenna comprises: deciding to each of the plurality of directional antennas of the set of antennas to determine a received signal quality of the transmission; and selecting The directional antenna with the highest received signal quality. The method of claim 25, wherein the step of selecting the directional antenna comprises estimating interference for each of the plurality of directional antennas of the set of directional antennas; and based on the estimated interference The directional antenna is selected from the plurality of directional antennas. The method of claim 25, wherein the step of using the selected directional antenna for communication comprises receiving at least one φ data frame from the station via the selected directional antenna. 32. The method of claim 25, wherein the step of using the selected directional antenna for communication comprises transmitting at least one data frame to the station via the selected directional antenna. The method of claim 25, further comprising: selecting a data rate based on the received transmission and the selected directional antenna; and exchanging data with the station via the selected directional antenna and based on the selected data rate. 121599.doc 200816677 34. 35. 36. The method of claim 33, wherein the step of selecting the data rate comprises estimating a received signal quality of the transmission; determining an antenna gain of the multi-directional antenna and the selected directional antenna a difference between antenna gains; and selecting the data rate based on the received signal quality and the difference between antenna gains. The method of claim 33, wherein the step of selecting the data rate comprises estimating interference with the selected directional antenna; and selecting the data rate based further on the estimated interference. The method of claim 35, wherein the step of selecting the data rate comprises estimating a received signal quality of the transmission; reducing the received signal quality based on the estimated interference; and selecting based on the reduced received signal quality The data rate. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: means for selecting a multi-directional antenna or a directional antenna for communicating; and means for communicating the selected antenna for communication. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the means for selecting comprises means for selecting the multi-directional antenna when an unknown location or direction of the target station for communication is used; and for knowing the target station The position or direction of the member of the directional antenna is selected. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the means for selecting comprises: means for selecting the multi-directional antenna for exchanging control blocks; and 121599.doc 200816677 for use in a target station for communication The directional antenna is selected for position or orientation for exchanging components of the data frame. 40. The apparatus of claim 37, further comprising: means for providing a plurality of antenna elements, the antenna elements being operative to communicate as the multi-directional antenna or the directional antenna. 41. The apparatus of claim 37, further comprising: a means for providing a first set of at least one antenna element as a component of the multi-directional antenna; and for providing at least - a second set of one of the antenna elements as the directivity The components of the antenna. 42. The apparatus of claim 37, further comprising: providing a plurality of antenna elements as the plurality of directional antenna elements; and constituting the plurality of antenna elements based on the plurality of turns and line elements. 43. The apparatus of claim 37, further comprising: means for receiving a transmission via the multi-directional antenna station; means for selecting the directional antenna based on the received set of transmission directional antennas; And means for using the selected directional antenna for communication with the station. 44. The device of claim 43, wherein the transmission comprises a control box. 45. The apparatus of claim 43, wherein the piece of equipment for selecting the private antenna comprises: means for determining a direction of arrival of the transmission; and 121599.doc 200816677 to the set of self-directing antennas Selecting, among the plurality of directional antennas of the set of the directional antennas of the directional antenna, the components of the received signal strength transmitted by the directional antenna, and the configuration = the highest received (4) means for the intensity of the directional antenna 47^= Item 43, wherein the means for selecting the received signal quality of the plurality of directional antennas of the set of the directional antennas of the directional antenna; and The reference of the directional antenna of the signal quality is based on the component of the directional antenna. 46. The apparatus of claim 43, wherein the means comprises: for determining, for each of the directivity, the pass for selecting the member. 48. The arrangement of =i item 43, wherein the means for selecting the directional antenna: means for estimating interference with one of the plurality of directional antennas of the set of directional antennas; and: based on The estimated interference is selected from the plurality of directional antennas as members of the directional antenna. 49. The method of claim 43, wherein the means for using the selected directional antenna comprises means for receiving at least one data frame via the selected directivity. 50. The method of claim 43 wherein the means for communicating the selected directional antenna for the 121599.doc 200816677 communication includes means for transmitting to the station via the data frame. Selecting a directional antenna to select at least one 51. the transmission received by the device of claim 43 and the selected directional antenna to select a component of the rate of 枓; and for exchanging data via the selected directionality member. Antenna and based on the selected data rate 52. The apparatus of claim 51, comprising: wherein the means for selecting the data rate is used to estimate a quality of the received signal of the transmission; and determining an antenna gain at the multi-directional antenna and the selected directional antenna a component of the difference between the antenna gains; and means for selecting the data rate based on the difference between the received signal quality and the antenna gain. The component of the monthly claim 5 1 wherein the means for selecting the data rate comprises: means for estimating the interference of the juice for the selected directional antenna; and for selecting for the step based on the estimated interference The component of the data rate. 54. The apparatus of claim 53, wherein the means for selecting the (four) capture rate comprises: means for estimating a received signal quality of the transmission; and for reducing the received signal product based on the estimated interference ; and, 121599.doc 200816677 is used for components based on the received received signal. No. Quality to select the data rate 55. An access point in a wireless communication system, which includes at least one integrated circuit configured to _ select one of the multidirectional antennas for communication i is allocating Q to use the selected antenna for communication; and, 'and directional antennas are a plurality of antenna elements that are selectable for communication as the less or the directional antenna. ^ 56. A terminal in a wireless communication system, comprising: at least one integrated circuit configured to select one of a multi-directional antenna or a directional antenna for communication, and the selected antenna is used Communication; and user interface data for displaying a processor readable product for wireless communication received via the selected antenna, comprising: The processor-receivable medium' includes instructions executable by at least one processor that cause a device to: select one of a multi-directional antenna or a directional antenna for communication; and direct the selected antenna to use for communication. 58. An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising: at least one integrated circuit that is configured to communicate with a first station over a first link via a multi-directional antenna and via a directional antenna The second link communicates with a second station. 59. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein the first link is for a _wireless medium shared by a port in a wireless network 121599.doc -10- 200816677 and one of which is backhaul. The second link is used for a backhaul. The device of claim 58, wherein the at least one of the multi-directional X @ γ, the body circuit is configured to pass through the chirp antenna at a frequency of one band and via the The directional antenna is in the - the first book - the brother of a communication communication. The frequency of the frequency-frequency is overlapped with the second station 61. The apparatus of claim 60, wherein the first portion overlaps. , "弟 _ Band at least 62. The device of claim 58, wherein the station. The one of the long-term brothers is the same 63. The device of the item 58, wherein the one-to-one is composed of the Doge & The state is connected to the antenna on the first link and passes through the 哕. A μ brother exchanges the control box "~日" antenna in the second link frame. Exchange method 64. A method for wireless communication, comprising: ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, a method on a second link and 65. as claimed in claim 64, wherein the step of the first via the hacker, the port is included in the first frequency band and the antenna The first step of the first and the second and the second a 诵 从 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人 人. 66. The method of claim 64, wherein the first one and the second one are the same. 67. The method of claim 64, wherein the step of communicating with the first station is 121599.doc 200816677 - by "the antenna in the first link and the tenth of the pair" The control line is in the step of h § including exchanging a data frame with the second station via the directional antenna on the δ 弟 二 二 link. 68. A device for wireless communication, comprising: _ ^ to the antenna in the _ first link 盥 一 A ; ; ; 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 天线 天线 天线 天线 天线The device of claim 68, 1 > A person's configuration for communication with the younger brother includes a component for communicating via the multi-directional cow and "using the second" with the first station The means for communicating with the second station includes means for communicating with the second station via the directional directional * ^ 丹丁匕 3 antenna in the second frequency band. 70. If the device of claim 68, 1 is n-T, the younger one and the second one are. 71. The device of claim 68, wherein the means for communicating with the first station includes means for interacting with the first "parent" on the first link via the multi-directional antenna, and The component 3 for communicating with the second station is configured to, by the directional antenna, exchange the data frame with the two stations on the second link. '72. A device for wireless communication, The method comprises: ▲ at least: an integrated circuit configured to send an called (RTS) frame to a station via a multi-directional antenna, receive (four) m frames from the station, and select based on the CTS frame. A directional antenna is transmitted from the selected directional antenna to at least the data frame by the selected directional antenna. 73. The apparatus of claim 72, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured Determining the received signal strength of the CTS frame for each of the plurality of directional antennas and selecting the directional antenna having the highest received signal strength. The method for wireless communication includes: Send a request by a multi-directional antenna (rts ) the frame is sent to one; Receiving a CTS frame from the station; selecting a directional antenna based on the CTS frame; and transmitting at least one data frame to the station via the selected directional antenna. 75. A device for wireless communication, comprising: means for transmitting, by a second antenna, a request to send (RTS) frame to a device; for receiving an allowable transmission from the station (CTS) a member of the frame; a member for selecting a directional antenna based on the CTS frame; and a member for transmitting at least one data frame to the station by the selected directional antenna. The device for wireless communication, comprising: at least one integrated circuit configured to receive a request to send (RTS) frame from a single antenna via a multi-directional antenna, and select based on the RTS frame A finger is used to receive at least one data frame from the station via the selected directional antenna. 77. The device of claim 76, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to transmit a CTS message from the antenna in the eve direction via 121599.doc -13 - 200816677. The device of claim 76, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to determine, for each of the plurality of directional antennas, the received strength of the RTS frame, and the plurality of directional antennas The directional antenna having the highest received signal strength is selected. The device of claim 76 wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to determine the position or direction of the station transmitting the RTS frame and select the directional antenna based on the position or direction of the station. 80. The apparatus of claim 76, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to determine a received signal quality based on the RTS frame, select a data based on the received signal quality and the selected directional antenna Rate and exchange data with the station based on the selected data rate. The device of claim 76, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured to use the directional antenna for a duration indicated by the RTS frame and to the multi-directional antenna after the duration . 82. A method for wireless communication, comprising: receiving a request to send (RTs) frame from a multi-directional antenna; selecting a directional antenna based on the RTS frame; and selecting the directional antenna via the selected directional antenna Receive at least one data frame from the station. 83. The method of claim 82, further comprising: transmitting a permission to send (CTS) frame via the multi-directional antenna. 84. The method of claim 82, wherein the step of selecting the directional antenna comprises: determining, for each of the plurality of directional antennas, a received signal strength of the 121599.doc -14 - 200816677 of the RTS frame; And selecting the directional antenna having the highest received signal strength among the plurality of directional antennas. 85. A device for wireless communication, comprising: means for receiving a request to send (RTS) frame from a multi-directional antenna; for selecting a directional antenna based on the RTS frame And means for at least one of the data frames for receiving from the station via the selected directional antenna. 86. The device of claim 85, further comprising: for transmitting a component via the multi-directional antenna. Allow sending (CTS) frames 87. If the provision of item 85 is set, the piece contains: Each of the antennas determines that the RTS frame antenna has the highest received signal. 121599.doc