200409860 玖、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於具馬達兼用發電機之引擎及其控制裝 置,尤其是關於可減低引擎的高旋轉時的發電摩擦的具馬 達兼用發電機之引擎及其控制裝置。 【先前技術】 為進行引擎之起動,使用結合於引擎的曲柄軸的起動馬 達。該起動馬達係以即便在引擎開始自行運轉後也可作為 發電機使用的方式維持與引擎的結合。如此般兼作為發電 機的馬達,不僅可作為引擎的起動馬達,而且還可作為將 引擎與馬達一併使用的所謂混合型汽車的驅動源使用。 曰本專利特開平8 - 2 5 1 7 0 8號公報中揭示有將馬達的轉 子結合於無段變速機的輸入軸,同時,介由離合器將馬達 的轉子結合於引擎的混合型汽車。在該混合型汽車中,為 了可僅僅驅動馬達而設置離合器。 【發明内容】 (發明所欲解決之問題) 具馬達兼用發電機之引擎中,在引擎之高速旋轉時發電 量將變得過剩,從而增大發電摩擦。其結果造成引擎的運 轉效率的降低。 另外,馬達兼用發電機之轉子與無段變速機結合,或與 無段變速機一起結合於引擎的曲柄軸。也就是說,在引擎 的曲柄軸的延長線上呈一列排列著馬達兼用發電機與無段 變速機,因此具有在曲柄軸方向變長,包含引擎之驅動部 5 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11/92123712 200409860 的寬度增加的課題。 本發明之目的在於,有鑑於上述要求,而提供一種具馬 達兼用發電機之引擎及其控制裝置,其可減低引擎的高旋 轉時的發電摩擦,並且可減小包含引擎之驅動部的寬度。 (解決問題之手段) 為了達成上述目的,本發明係於具有包含與曲柄軸結合 的驅動側皮帶輪的v字型皮帶式無段變速機的具馬達兼用 發電機之引擎中,其第1特徵包含:上述驅動側皮帶輪係 由一體結合於上述曲柄軸的固定皮帶輪片,及可於軸方向 變位自如地結合於上述曲柄軸的活動皮帶輪片所構成;並 具備加能機構,利用伴隨著上述曲柄軸的旋轉離心力的作 用而於上述固定皮帶輪片側使上述活動皮帶輪片變位;磁 鐵,係設於上述活動皮帶輪片的外周面;及定子,由與上 述磁鐵對向配置的磁極及定子線圈所組成。 根據第1特徵,藉由在無段變速機的皮帶輪的外周設置 磁鐵,形成馬達兼用發電機之轉子。因此,無須與無段變 速機分開設置馬達兼用發電機之轉子,可削減零件數,同 時,因為定子配置於皮帶輪的外周,因此曲柄軸的軸向尺 寸縮短。 又,伴隨著引擎旋轉數的增大,活動皮帶輪片變位,藉 此轉子脫出於定子,轉子與定子的對向面積減小,因此發 電量不以引擎旋轉數增大的比例而增大。因此,藉由發電 量的過大可抑制引擎的摩擦增大。 另外,本發明之第2特徵包含:上述加能機構係由一體 6 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11 /92123712 200409860 結合於上述曲柄軸的斜面板;及藉由上述斜面板及上述活 動皮帶輪片而由在靠近外周處形成為使間隔變窄的錐形面 所夾住的載荷滾筒所構成,具有設在上述斜面板上的與上 述載荷滾筒相反側的面的感測用磁鐵;及對向配置於上述 感測用磁鐵,用以檢測上述斜面板的旋轉角度的角度感測 器。 根據第2特徵,感測用磁鐵對於角度感測器的磁力,響 應斜面板的旋轉角度而變化,基於該磁力以檢測斜面板的 旋轉角度、亦即曲柄軸的角度。 另外,本發明之第3特徵包含:將上述磁極及線圈僅僅 設於定子的圓周方向的指定範圍,在除上述指定範圍外的 定子的圓周方向的範圍,具備與上述活動皮帶輪片上所設 的磁鐵對向而配置,用以檢測上述活動皮帶輪片的旋轉角 度的角度感測器。 根據第3特徵,將形成為轉子的一部分的磁鐵直接作用 於角度感測器,可相對轉子而在更外周檢測角度,因而可 得到高角度檢測精密度。 另外,本發明之第4特徵包含:上述加能機構係由一體 結合於上述曲柄軸的斜面板;及藉由上述斜面板及上述活 動皮帶輪片而由在靠近外周處形成為使間隔變窄的錐形面 所夾住的載荷滾筒所構成,具有設在上述斜面板上的感測 用磁鐵;及對向配置於上述感測用磁鐵,用以檢測上述斜 面板的旋轉角度的角度感測器,同時,上述定子僅僅設於 圓周方向的指定範圍。 7 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11 /92123712 200409860 根據第4特徵,因為可減小定子的尺寸,因此極有利於 無段變速機的驅動側皮帶輪周邊的殼體等的配置自由度。 又,本發明之第5特徵包含:在引擎的控制裝置 中,具備檢測對引擎的加速操作的加速檢測機構;響 應上述加速檢測機構的輸出對定子線圈進行通電,而 產生與上述磁鐵的磁束方向相同方向的磁束的通電 機構。 , 根據第5特徵,藉由通電而於定子及轉子間作用磁性吸 引力。因此,抑制無段變速機的活動皮帶輪片在軸方向上 的變位,使該變速特性停留在低檔側特性。其結果,以高 的引擎旋轉數的加速成為可能,消解急加速引起的轉矩的 不足而可改善加速性能。 【實施方式】 以下,參照圖式說明本發明。圖1為本發明之包含具馬 達兼用發電機之引擎的動力單元的剖面圖,圖2為馬達兼 用發電機(以下,稱為「馬達A C G」)的分解前視圖(為取下 圖2的罩蓋3 0所見的圖)。引擎1的曲柄軸2係由嵌合於 曲柄箱3的軸承4、5所支持。曲柄軸2上介由曲柄鎖6 連結著連桿7。曲柄軸2的一端固定著冷卻風扇8,在冷卻 風扇8與軸承4之間固定有驅動凸輪驅動用鏈輪9與未圖 示的油栗用的齒輪10。 在軸承5的外側設有V字皮帶式無段變速機(以下,稱 為「無段變速機」)的驅動側皮帶輪1 1。驅動側皮帶輪1 1 包含固定皮帶輪片111及活動皮帶輪片112。固定皮帶輪 8 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11/92123712 200409860 片1 1 1係固定於曲柄軸2的端部附近,相對曲柄軸2受到 旋轉方向及軸方向的任一方向上的移動限制。另一方面, 活動皮帶輪片1 1 2相對曲柄軸2,雖旋轉方向的轉動受到 限制,但在軸方向(滑行方向)卻結合為可在指定的範圍移 動。活動皮帶輪片112上可滑動自如地繫合著斜面板12。 斜面板1 2與曲柄軸2結合而一體旋轉。斜面板1 2係利 用與活動皮帶輪片 Π 2的内側傾斜(斜面)的組合,形成向 著外周方向變窄的滾筒載荷1 3的錐面形導引面。在與斜面 板1 2對向的變速機箱1 4的面設有斜面板1 2的旋轉角度、 亦即檢測曲柄軸2的旋轉角度用的角度感測器1 5。在斜面 板1 2上設有磁性作用於角度感測器1 5的感測用磁鐵1 6。 在活動皮帶輪片1 1 2的外周設有軛鐵1 7,在軛鐵1 7的 外周設有複數塊磁鐵1 8。在活動皮帶輪片1 1 2的外周還與 上述磁鐵1 8間隔開空隙配置著定子1 9。定子1 9係由鏍栓 2 0 0固定於變速機箱1 4。定子1 9係由具備形成磁極的複數 個(在此為1 8個)丁字鐵1 9 1的軛鐵1 9 2及繞捲於丁字鐵 1 9 1上的三相定子線圈1 9 3所構成。藉由如此之構成,具 備磁鐵1 8及軛鐵1 7的活動皮帶輪片1 1 2形成轉子3 9,而 與定子19 一起組成馬達ACG33。 與上述驅動側皮帶輪1 1成一對設置構成無段變速機的 從動側皮帶輪2 0。藉由嵌合於變速機箱1 4的軸承2 1與未 圖示的另一軸承,可旋轉自如地支持著從動軸2 2,該從動 軸2 2上固定著從動側皮帶輪2 0。從動側皮帶輪2 0係由軸 承2 3、2 4而可旋轉自如地支持於從動軸2 2上,另一方面, 9 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11 /92123712 200409860 在從動軸2 2的軸方向上具有限制移動的固定皮帶輪片 201。另外,具有介由固定皮帶輪片201而可滑動自如地支 持於從動軸2 2的軸方向上的活動皮帶輪片2 0 2。 在固定皮帶輪片2 0 1上設有支持因離心力的作用而向外 周方向偏倚的離合器制動片2 5的制動片支持板2 7。從動 軸2 2上固定著具有離合器制動片2 5所頂接的内周面的杯 狀構件2 8。利用該杯狀構件2 8與離合器制動片2 5的組合 以構成遠心離合器。上述活動皮帶輪片2 0 2係由一端被保 持於該制動片支持板2 7的螺旋彈簧2 8的另一端抵壓而經 常對固定皮帶輪片2 0 1加能。 驅動側皮帶輪1 1與從動側皮帶輪2 0均為V字形皮帶 輪,兩者間渡掛著V字形皮帶2 9。從動軸2 2係介由包含 減速齒輪2 6的減速機構而連結於驅動輪、例如連結於自動 二輪車的後輪。無段變速機上包覆有罩蓋3 0,該罩蓋3 0 上支持著腳踏起動器3 1。 圖3為顯示引擎控制裝置的要部的方塊圖。ECU32具有 將馬達A C G 3 3的三相輸出交流變換為直流,而調整為適合 蓄電池3 4的電壓的A C / D C換流器3 5及調節器3 6。以已調 整電壓的直流對蓄電池3 4充電。另外,E C U 3 2備有將從蓄 電池3 4所供給的直流變換為馬達A C G 3 3的驅動用交流的 M0S-FET組成的一組三相橋式電路所形成的馬達驅動電路 42 ° 又,E C U 3 2具有基於檢測節流閥開度的節流閥感測器3 7 的輸出進行加速判斷,以控制無段變速機的變速特性的變 10 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11 /92123712 200409860 速特性控制部38。ECU32除此等之外,還具備引擎的點火 控制部及空燃比控制部等,引擎的驅動所必要的功能,但 此等並非本發明所特有的構成而可採用周知的構成,故而 在此省略此等說明。 於動作時,首先,馬達A C G 3 3係作為馬達進行動作。根 據由角度感測器1 5所檢測的旋轉角度,藉由馬達驅動電路 4 2依序將電流供給定子線圈1 9 3,以驅動具備磁鐵1 8的活 動皮帶輪片1 1 2所組成的轉子3 9。引擎1的曲柄軸係結合 於馬達ACG33的轉子,因此,藉由轉子39的旋轉進行搖動, 若達到著火點轉數時,引擎1即被點火而開始自行運轉。 自行運轉開始後,控制系統被切換至發電機側,於是,馬 達ACG33作為引擎發電機進行動作。 隨著引擎旋轉數的增加,滾筒載荷1 3因離心力的作用 而被逼迫向外周方向,活動皮帶輪片112偏倚於固定皮帶 輪片1 1 1側。藉此,V字形皮帶2 9相對驅動側皮帶輪1 1, 其繞捲直徑增大,另一方面,相對從動側皮帶輪2 0,其繞 捲直徑減小。亦即,減速比減小而從動側皮帶輪2 0速度增 加。當從動側皮帶輪2 0的旋轉超過遠心離合器的接續旋轉 數時,離合器制動片2 5以指定壓力頂接於杯狀構件2 8而 將旋轉傳遞給從動軸2 2。 一般,發電機的輸出電壓係伴隨著旋轉數的增大而增 大。但是,本實施形態中,當驅動馬達ACG的引擎1的旋 轉數增大時,構成轉子3 9的活動皮帶輪片1 1 2相對定子 1 9偏倚,在旋轉數增大的比例中其發電量並不增大。也就 11 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11 /92123712 200409860 是說,與引擎的旋轉數的增大程度相比,可將發電量的增 大程度抑制在較低。因此,也可抑制伴隨著旋轉數的增大 的發電摩擦的增力口。 變速特性控制部3 8的加速檢測部4 0,監視節流閥感測 器3 7的輸出值的變化比例,並基於該比例,在檢測為預定 值以上時輸出加速檢測信號。通電控制部4 1係響應加速檢 測信號將供給電流於定子線圈1 9 3用的係數比輸出給馬達 驅動電路4 2。馬達驅動電路4 2係根據所供給的係數比而 於定子線圈1 9 3進行通電。在此,供給設定為產生與磁鐵 1 8的磁束方向相同方向的磁束的電流,以使馬達A C G的摩 擦不致增大。 圖4為顯示引擎之旋轉數增大時的驅動側皮帶輪的位置 的剖面圖,與圖1相同的元件符號顯示相同或同等的部 分。當引擎的旋轉數增大時,如箭頭S所示,活動皮帶輪 片1 1 2偏倚於固定皮帶輪片1 1 1側,V字形皮帶2 9的繞捲 直徑增大。於是,轉子3 9從定子1 9脫出。因此,隨著引 擎的旋轉數的增大,偏倚量也增大,從而使得摩擦降低。 另外,利用轉子3 9偏倚於定子1 9的構造,可控制無段 變速機的變速特性。圖5為節流閥全開時的引擎旋轉數N e 與車速V、亦即無段變速機的輸出的關係圖。同圖中,當 全開操作節流閥時,引擎旋轉數Ne增大,伴隨著此車速V 也增大。此時的引擎旋轉數N e與車速V的上升特性係依低 檔(L)側特性。然後,當引擎旋轉數達到N 1時則移行至高 檔(Η )側特性,沿著該高檔側特性,車速V增大。 12 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11/92123712 200409860 該變速特性可控制轉子3 9與定子1 9的磁性吸引 照圖4 )而使其變化。磁性吸引力係藉由對定子線圈 通電而使其變化。例如,供給磁性吸引力以獲得適 時的變速特性。 圖6為控制磁性吸引力以使加速特性升高時的引 數Ne與車速V的關係圖。如同圖所示,當急開操作 時,引擎旋轉數N e在達到低於上述旋轉數N 1的旋 時則移行至高檔側特性。若放置此則直接以低的引 數的狀態移行至高檔側特性。在高檔側特性,因為 矩較低槽側特性時小,因此,若進行極端的節流急择 會有輸出轉矩不足的情況。在此,因為在檢測出節 急開時加上抑制活動皮帶輪片1 1 2的偏倚的外力, 防止急劇移行至高檔側特性。 也就是說,當引擎旋轉數N e成為旋轉數N 2時, 帶輪片1 1 2略微偏倚於固定皮帶輪片1 1 1側,引擎 N e與車速V的特性處於中間的特性。於是,根據該 性,引擎旋轉數N e增大,伴隨著此車速V也增大。 引擎旋轉數Ne增大而達到可控制區域的上限旋轉J 時,變速特性移行至高檔側特性,其後,停止對定 1 9 3的通電。如此般,當於起動時急開節流閥時, 合適的轉矩的方式進行特性的移動,而可平穩地加 輛。可控制區域係響應藉由馬達A C G 3 3而可作用於 帶輪片1 1 2的滑行方向的力而設定。 圖7為顯示在運行狀態下急開節流閥時的變速特 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11 /92123712 力(參 1 93的 合加速 擎旋轉 節流閥 轉數N2 擎旋轉 輸出轉 pi操作, 流閥的 因此可 活動皮 旋轉數 中間特 又,當 k NLMT 子線圈 以獲得 速車 活動皮 性的 13 200409860 圖。在引擎旋轉數N 3的運行狀態時,若急開節流閥,則依 指定的變速特性,引擎旋轉數上升。於是,當達到引擎旋 轉數N 1時,移行至高槽側特性而漸漸加速。 另一方面,在進行依磁性吸引力的控制的情況,藉由磁 性吸引力,變速特性靠近相對引擎旋轉數的增大而車速V 的增大比例小的特性、亦即低樓側特性進行變化。當引擎 旋轉數Ne達到可控制區域的上限NLMT時,若停止對定子 線圈1 9 3的通電,即移行至高檔側特性進行變速。如此般, 當於節流閥的急開時,進行高引擎旋轉數下的加速,亦即 可以高轉矩的加速。 接著,說明變化例。在上述實施形態中,於斜面板1 2 設置磁鐵1 6而作用於角度感測器1 5。在第1變化例中, 花費功夫於排除該磁鐵1 6上面。圖8為第1變化例的馬達 A C G的前視圖,並且,為避免複雜化而簡略顯示轉子3 9。 在同圖中,馬達A C G 3 3係由具有1 5個丁字鐵1 9 1的定子 1 9所構成,丁字鐵1 91以2 0度的間隔配置。因此,丁字 鐵1 9 1的配置範圍遍佈轉子3 9的全周,從而於一部分產生 大的空間(中心角6 0度)。於是,於該空間配置角度感測器 1 5。角度感測器1 5係以與丁字鐵1 9 1相同的間隔,且以從 外周與轉子磁鐵1 8對向的方式所配置,藉由支架4 0而固 定於軛鐵1 9 2上。 根據該第1變化例,不專門設置感測器用磁鐵1 6,而由 轉子的磁鐵1 8可直接檢測轉子角度,因此可削減零件數。 另外,因為檢測出設於轉子3 9的最外周的磁鐵1 8的位置, 14 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11 /92123712 200409860 因此可提升精密度。 接著,說明第2變化例。圖9為第2變化例的發 前視圖,圖10為同剖面圖。圖10中,為避免複雜 略顯示轉子。在兩圖中,發電機33a的定子19不設 3 9的外周全域,其磁極較第1變化例更少。也就是 設置6個丁字鐵1 9 1,且與轉子3 9的外周的部分箣 心角1 0 0度的範圍)對向而設。根據該第2變化例, 1 9與轉子3 9中,並不發揮作為馬達的功能,但可 為發電機的功能。因此,引擎起動時,以腳踏起動 轉動曲柄軸2。如此般,雖無作為起動馬達的功能 達成發電機的小型化、輕量化。 (發明效果) 根據申請專利範圍第1項之發明,無須與無段變 開設置馬達兼用發電機之轉子,故可削減零件數, 本的降低。另外,因為將定子配置於皮帶輪的外周 曲柄軸的軸向尺寸縮短。藉此,可達成包含無段變 具有馬達兼用發電機的引擎的小型化、輕量化,同 減少慣性物質。又,因為發電量不以引擎旋轉數增 例而增大,因此,藉由發電量的增加可抑制引擎的 大。 根據申請專利範圍第2項之發明,可將檢測轉子 角度的角度感測器及感測用磁鐵,較小型地收容於 速機内。 另外,根據申請專利範圍第3項之發明,將形成 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11 /92123712 電機的 化而簡 於轉子 說,僅 圍(中 在定子 發揮作 器3 1 ,但可 速機分 實現成 ,因此 速機的 時,可 大的比 摩擦增 的旋轉 無段變 為轉子 15 200409860 的一部分的磁鐵直接作用於角度感測器,可相對曲柄軸而 在更外周檢測角度,因而可得到高角度檢測精密度。 另外,根據申請專利範圍第4項之發明,因為可減小定 子的尺寸,因此極為有利於無段變速機的驅動側皮帶輪周 邊的殼體等的配置自由度,也可實現輕量化。 又,根據申請專利範圍第5項之發明,藉由通電而從定 子作用抑制轉子急遽脫出的磁性吸引力。其結果,解消急 加速引起的轉矩的不足等,而可獲得提高加速性能的變速 特性。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本發明之實施形態之包含具馬達兼用發電機之引 擎的動力單元的剖面圖。 圖2為馬達兼用發電機的分解前視圖。 圖3為顯示引擎控制裝置的要部的方塊圖。 圖4為顯示引擎之旋轉數增大時的驅動側皮帶輪的位置 的剖面圖。 圖5為節流閥全開時的引擎旋轉數Ne與車速V的關係 圖。 圖6為控制磁性吸引力以使加速特性升高時的引擎旋轉 數Ne與車速V的關係圖。 圖7為加速特性升高時的運行狀態下的引擎旋轉數N e 與車速V的關係圖。 圖8為第1變化例的馬達ACG的前視圖。 圖9為第2變化例的發電機的前視圖。 16 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11/92123712 200409860 的剖面圖。 圖1 0為第2變化例的發電機 (元件符號說明) 1 引擎 2 曲柄轴 3 曲柄箱 4 軸承 5 軸承 6 曲柄銷200409860 (1) Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to an engine with a motor and a generator and a control device thereof, and particularly to an engine with a motor and a generator that can reduce power generation friction during high rotation of the engine. And its controls. [Prior Art] To start the engine, a starting motor coupled to the crankshaft of the engine is used. This starter motor maintains the connection with the engine so that it can be used as a generator even after the engine starts to run on its own. The motor that doubles as a generator in this way can be used not only as an engine starter motor, but also as a drive source for a so-called hybrid car that uses the engine and the motor together. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-25 1 7 0 8 discloses a hybrid vehicle in which a rotor of a motor is coupled to an input shaft of a stepless transmission, and a rotor of the motor is coupled to an engine via a clutch. In this hybrid vehicle, a clutch is provided in order to drive only the motor. [Summary of the Invention] (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In an engine having a motor and a generator, the amount of power generation becomes excessive when the engine rotates at a high speed, thereby increasing power generation friction. As a result, the operating efficiency of the engine is reduced. In addition, the rotor of the motor and generator is combined with the stepless transmission or the crankshaft of the engine together with the stepless transmission. In other words, the engine crankshaft extension line is lined with motors and generators and stepless transmissions, so it has a drive section 5 312 / Invention Manual (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860. An object of the present invention is to provide an engine having a motor-generating generator and a control device thereof in view of the above-mentioned requirements, which can reduce the friction of power generation during high-speed rotation of the engine, and can reduce the width of the driving portion including the engine. (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to an engine with a motor and a generator having a V-belt stepless transmission including a drive-side pulley coupled to a crank shaft. The first feature includes: : The drive-side pulley is composed of a fixed pulley piece integrally coupled to the crank shaft, and a movable pulley piece that can be freely coupled to the crank shaft in the axial direction; and has an energizing mechanism that utilizes the above-mentioned crank The rotating centrifugal force of the shaft causes the movable pulley piece to be displaced on the fixed pulley piece side; the magnet is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the movable pulley piece; and the stator is composed of a magnetic pole and a stator coil arranged opposite to the magnet . According to the first feature, a magnet is provided on the outer periphery of the belt pulley of the stepless transmission to form a rotor of a motor and a generator. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a rotor of a motor and a generator separately from the stepless speed reducer, and the number of parts can be reduced. At the same time, because the stator is arranged on the outer periphery of the pulley, the axial dimension of the crank shaft is shortened. In addition, with the increase in the number of engine rotations, the movable pulley discs are displaced, whereby the rotor is disengaged from the stator, and the facing area of the rotor and the stator is reduced. Therefore, the power generation amount does not increase with the increase in the number of engine rotations . Therefore, an increase in the amount of power generation can suppress an increase in engine friction. In addition, the second feature of the present invention includes that the energizing mechanism is a slant panel that is integrated with the crank shaft by an integral 6 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860; and the slant panel and the slant panel The movable pulley sheet is composed of a load roller sandwiched by a tapered surface formed to narrow the interval near the outer periphery, and has a magnet for sensing provided on the inclined plate on a side opposite to the load roller; And an angle sensor disposed opposite to the sensing magnet to detect a rotation angle of the inclined panel. According to the second feature, the magnetic force of the sensing magnet with respect to the angle sensor changes in response to the rotation angle of the inclined plate, and based on the magnetic force, the rotation angle of the inclined plate, that is, the angle of the crank shaft is detected. In addition, a third feature of the present invention includes the magnetic pole and the coil being provided only in a specified range in a circumferential direction of the stator, and in a range in a circumferential direction of the stator other than the specified range, the magnet is provided with the magnet provided on the movable pulley piece. The angle sensors are arranged facing each other and used to detect the rotation angle of the movable pulley plate. According to the third feature, the magnet formed as a part of the rotor directly acts on the angle sensor, and the angle can be detected more peripherally with respect to the rotor, so that high angle detection accuracy can be obtained. In addition, a fourth feature of the present invention includes: the energizing mechanism is formed by an inclined plate integrally coupled to the crank shaft; and the inclined plate and the movable pulley piece are formed so as to narrow a gap near an outer periphery. A load roller sandwiched by a tapered surface is provided with a sensing magnet provided on the inclined panel; and an angle sensor disposed opposite to the sensing magnet and detecting a rotation angle of the inclined panel At the same time, the stator is only set in a specified range in the circumferential direction. 7 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860 According to the fourth feature, the stator can be reduced in size, which is extremely beneficial to the arrangement freedom of the housings around the drive-side pulley of the stepless transmission. . Further, a fifth feature of the present invention includes: the engine control device includes an acceleration detection mechanism that detects an acceleration operation on the engine; and the stator coil is energized in response to an output of the acceleration detection mechanism to generate a magnetic flux direction with the magnet. The current passing mechanism of the magnetic flux in the same direction. According to the fifth feature, a magnetic attraction force is applied between the stator and the rotor by energization. Therefore, the displacement of the movable pulley plate of the stepless speed changer in the axial direction is suppressed, and the speed change characteristic stays on the low-speed side characteristic. As a result, acceleration with a high number of engine revolutions is made possible, and the shortage of torque due to rapid acceleration is eliminated to improve acceleration performance. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a power unit including an engine with a motor and a generator of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded front view of the motor and a generator (hereinafter, referred to as “motor ACG”) (in order to remove the cover of FIG. 2 Cover the figure you see in 30). The crank shaft 2 of the engine 1 is supported by bearings 4 and 5 fitted in a crank case 3. The crank shaft 2 is connected to a connecting rod 7 via a crank lock 6. A cooling fan 8 is fixed to one end of the crank shaft 2, and a driving cam driving sprocket 9 and a gear 10 for oil pump (not shown) are fixed between the cooling fan 8 and the bearing 4. A drive-side pulley 11 of a V-belt stepless speed changer (hereinafter referred to as a "stepless speed changer") is provided on the outside of the bearing 5. The drive-side pulley 1 1 includes a fixed pulley piece 111 and a movable pulley piece 112. Fixed pulley 8 312 / Invention Manual (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860 Sheet 1 1 1 is fixed near the end of the crank shaft 2 and is restricted by the crank shaft 2 from movement in either the rotation direction or the axial direction . On the other hand, although the movable pulley piece 1 1 2 is restricted in rotation in the rotation direction with respect to the crank shaft 2, it is combined in the shaft direction (sliding direction) to move within a specified range. A slant panel 12 is slidably attached to the movable pulley piece 112. The inclined panel 12 is integrated with the crank shaft 2 to rotate integrally. The sloping plate 12 and 2 are combined with the inner slant (slope) of the movable pulley piece Π 2 to form a tapered guide surface with a roller load 13 that narrows toward the outer periphery. An angle sensor 15 for detecting a rotation angle of the inclined plate 12, that is, a rotation angle of the crank shaft 2 is provided on a surface of the transmission case 14 facing the inclined plate 12. The inclined plate 12 is provided with a sensing magnet 16 that magnetically acts on the angle sensor 15. A yoke 17 is provided on the outer periphery of the movable pulley piece 1 12, and a plurality of magnets 18 are provided on the outer periphery of the yoke 17. A stator 19 is disposed on the outer periphery of the movable pulley piece 1 12 at a distance from the above-mentioned magnet 18. The stator 19 is fixed to the variable speed box 14 by the yoke bolt 2 0 0. The stator 19 is composed of a yoke 1 9 2 having a plurality of T-shaped irons 1 9 1 forming magnetic poles (18 in this case) and a three-phase stator coil 1 9 3 wound around the T-shaped iron 1 9 1. . With this structure, the movable pulley pieces 1 1 2 having the magnet 18 and the yoke 17 form a rotor 39, and together with the stator 19 constitute a motor ACG33. A pair of the drive-side pulleys 11 is provided as a pair of the driven-side pulleys 20 of the stepless transmission. A driven shaft 22 is rotatably supported by a bearing 21 fitted to the transmission case 14 and another bearing (not shown), and the driven side pulley 20 is fixed to the driven shaft 22. The driven-side pulley 20 is rotatably supported on the driven shaft 2 2 by bearings 2 3, 2 4; on the other hand, 9 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860 The moving shaft 22 has a fixed pulley piece 201 that restricts movement in the axial direction. In addition, it has a movable pulley piece 202 which is slidably supported in the axial direction of the driven shaft 22 via a fixed pulley piece 201. Brake pad support plates 27 are provided on the fixed pulley pads 21 to support the clutch brake pads 25, which are biased toward the outside due to centrifugal force. A cup-shaped member 28 having an inner peripheral surface to which the clutch brake pad 25 is abutted is fixed to the driven shaft 22. The combination of the cup-shaped member 28 and the clutch brake pad 25 is used to construct a telecentric clutch. The movable pulley piece 202 is pressed by the other end of the coil spring 28 held on the brake pad support plate 27, and the fixed pulley piece 201 is often energized. Both the drive-side pulley 11 and the driven-side pulley 20 are V-shaped pulleys, and a V-shaped belt 29 is hung between them. The driven shaft 2 2 is connected to a driving wheel, for example, a rear wheel of a motorcycle, through a reduction mechanism including a reduction gear 26. The stepless transmission is covered with a cover 30, which supports a foot starter 31. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the main parts of the engine control device. The ECU 32 includes an AC / DC converter 3 5 and a regulator 36 which convert the three-phase output AC of the motor A C G 3 3 into DC and adjust it to a voltage suitable for the battery 34. The battery 34 is charged with the adjusted voltage DC. In addition, the ECU 3 2 has a motor driving circuit formed by a set of three-phase bridge circuits composed of a three-phase bridge circuit composed of M0S-FETs that convert the DC supplied from the battery 34 into the AC for the driving of the motor ACG 3 3. 3 2 A throttle sensor based on the detection of the throttle opening 3 7 is used to perform acceleration judgment to control the speed change characteristics of the stepless transmission. 10 312 / Invention Manual (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860 Speed characteristic control unit 38. In addition to these, the ECU 32 also has functions necessary for driving the engine, such as an ignition control unit and an air-fuel ratio control unit of the engine. However, these are not unique structures of the present invention and may employ well-known structures, and are omitted here. These instructions. In operation, first, the motor A C G 3 3 is operated as a motor. Based on the rotation angle detected by the angle sensor 15, a current is sequentially supplied to the stator coil 1 9 3 by the motor driving circuit 4 2 to drive a rotor 3 composed of a movable pulley piece 1 1 2 having a magnet 18 9. The crankshaft of the engine 1 is coupled to the rotor of the motor ACG33. Therefore, the rotor 39 is rotated by the rotation of the rotor 39. When the number of ignition points is reached, the engine 1 is ignited and starts to run on its own. After the self-running started, the control system was switched to the generator side, so the motor ACG33 acted as an engine generator. As the number of engine rotations increases, the roller load 13 is forced to the outer peripheral direction by the centrifugal force, and the movable pulley piece 112 is biased to the fixed pulley piece 1 1 1 side. Thereby, the winding diameter of the V-shaped belt 29 is increased with respect to the driving-side pulley 11 and, on the other hand, it is decreased with respect to the driven-side pulley 20. That is, the reduction ratio is reduced and the driven-side pulley 20 speed is increased. When the rotation of the driven-side pulley 20 exceeds the number of consecutive rotations of the telecentric clutch, the clutch brake pad 25 abuts against the cup-shaped member 28 at a specified pressure and transmits the rotation to the driven shaft 22. Generally, the output voltage of a generator increases as the number of revolutions increases. However, in this embodiment, when the number of rotations of the engine 1 of the drive motor ACG increases, the movable pulley pieces 1 1 2 constituting the rotor 39 are biased relative to the stator 19, and the amount of power generation is increased in proportion to the increase in the number of rotations. Does not increase. That is, 11 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860 means that the increase in the amount of power generation can be suppressed to a lower level than the increase in the number of rotations of the engine. Therefore, it is also possible to suppress the boosting port of the power generation friction with an increase in the number of rotations. The acceleration detection unit 40 of the speed change characteristic control unit 38 monitors the change ratio of the output value of the throttle valve sensor 37, and outputs an acceleration detection signal when it is detected to be a predetermined value or more based on the ratio. The energization control unit 41 outputs the coefficient ratio for supplying the current to the stator coil 193 to the motor drive circuit 42 in response to the acceleration detection signal. The motor drive circuit 4 2 is energized to the stator coil 193 according to the supplied coefficient ratio. Here, a current set to generate a magnetic flux in the same direction as the magnetic flux direction of the magnet 18 is supplied so that the friction of the motor A C G is not increased. Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the position of the drive-side pulley when the number of rotations of the engine is increased. The same reference numerals as those in Fig. 1 show the same or equivalent parts. When the number of rotations of the engine increases, as shown by arrow S, the movable pulley piece 1 1 2 is biased to the fixed pulley piece 1 1 1 side, and the winding diameter of the V-shaped belt 29 is increased. Then, the rotor 39 is detached from the stator 19. Therefore, as the number of rotations of the engine increases, the amount of bias also increases, thereby reducing friction. In addition, the structure in which the rotor 39 is biased toward the stator 19 can control the transmission characteristics of the stepless transmission. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the engine rotation number N e and the vehicle speed V when the throttle valve is fully opened, that is, the output of the stepless transmission. In the figure, when the throttle is fully opened, the number of engine revolutions Ne increases, and the vehicle speed V also increases with this. The characteristics of the increase in the number of engine revolutions N e and the vehicle speed V at this time depend on the characteristics of the low gear (L) side. Then, when the number of engine revolutions reaches N 1, the vehicle shifts to the high-end (Η) side characteristic, and along this high-end characteristic, the vehicle speed V increases. 12 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860 This shifting characteristic can control the magnetic attraction of the rotor 39 and the stator 19 (see Fig. 4) to change them. The magnetic attractive force is changed by energizing the stator coil. For example, magnetic attraction is provided to obtain timely shifting characteristics. Fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the parameter Ne and the vehicle speed V when the magnetic attractive force is controlled to increase the acceleration characteristics. As shown in the figure, the engine rotation number N e shifts to the high-end characteristic when the number of engine rotations N e reaches the rotation number lower than the above-mentioned rotation number N 1 during the sudden opening operation. If this is left, it will directly go to the high-end characteristics with a low argument. In the high-end characteristics, the torque is small in the slot-side characteristics. Therefore, if extreme throttling is selected, the output torque may be insufficient. Here, an external force that suppresses the bias of the movable pulley piece 1 12 when a rapid opening is detected is prevented to prevent a sudden shift to the high-end characteristics. That is, when the engine rotation number N e becomes the rotation number N 2, the pulley plate 1 1 2 is slightly biased to the fixed pulley plate 1 1 1 side, and the characteristics of the engine N e and the vehicle speed V are in the middle. Therefore, according to this property, the number of engine revolutions N e increases, and the vehicle speed V also increases with this. When the number of engine revolutions Ne increases to reach the upper limit of the controllable range of rotation J, the shifting characteristics shift to the high-end characteristics, and thereafter, the energization of the stationary motor is stopped. In this way, when the throttle valve is suddenly opened at the time of starting, the characteristic torque is shifted in a proper torque manner, and the vehicle can be smoothly added. The controllable area is set in response to a force that can be applied to the sliding direction of the pulley 1 1 2 by the motor A C G 3 3. Figure 7 shows the speed-changing feature 312 / Invention Manual (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 force (refer to the combined acceleration engine rotation throttle valve rotation speed N2 engine rotation output when the throttle valve is opened in the running state) Turning pi operation, so the number of movable leather rotation of the flow valve is intermediate, and when the k NLMT sub-coil is used to obtain 13 200409860 of the speed of the mobile leather. In the operating state of the engine rotation number N 3, if the throttle is opened quickly The valve will increase the number of engine revolutions according to the specified transmission characteristics. Therefore, when the number of engine revolutions N 1 is reached, the valve will gradually accelerate to the high-slot side characteristics. On the other hand, in the case of controlling by magnetic attraction, Due to the magnetic attraction, the transmission characteristics are close to the increase in the number of engine rotations and the small increase in the vehicle speed V, that is, the characteristics of the low-rise side. When the number of engine rotations Ne reaches the upper limit of the controllable area NLMT, Stop the energization of the stator coil 193, that is, shift to the high-end characteristics to change the speed. In this way, when the throttle valve is suddenly opened, acceleration is performed at a high engine rotation number, that is, high-torque acceleration is possible. Next, a modification will be described. In the above-mentioned embodiment, a magnet 16 is provided on the inclined plate 12 to act on the angle sensor 15. In the first modification, it takes effort to exclude the magnet 16. FIG. 8 is a front view of the motor ACG of the first modification, and the rotor 3 9 is shown briefly to avoid complication. In the same figure, the motor ACG 3 3 is composed of a stator 1 15 having 15 T-shaped irons 1 9 1 As a result, the T-shaped iron 1 91 is arranged at intervals of 20 degrees. Therefore, the T-shaped iron 1 91 is arranged over the entire circumference of the rotor 39, thereby creating a large space (a central angle of 60 degrees) in a part. Therefore, An angle sensor 15 is arranged in the space. The angle sensor 15 is arranged at the same interval as the T-shaped iron 1 9 1 and is opposed to the rotor magnet 18 from the outer periphery. The bracket 4 0 It is fixed to the yoke 192. According to this first modification, the sensor magnet 16 is not specifically provided, and the rotor magnet 18 can directly detect the rotor angle, so the number of parts can be reduced. In addition, because of the detection The position of the magnet 18 provided on the outermost periphery of the rotor 39 is 14 312 / invention Mingshu (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860 This can improve the precision. Next, the second modification will be described. Fig. 9 is a front view of the second modification, and Fig. 10 is a sectional view. In Fig. 10, In order to avoid complexity, the rotor is shown slightly. In both figures, the stator 19 of the generator 33a is not provided with the entire outer periphery of 39, and its magnetic poles are smaller than those of the first modification. That is, six T-shaped irons 1 9 1 are provided and are connected to the rotor. The central portion of the outer periphery of the center of 9 is within a range of 100 degrees). According to this second modification, 19 and the rotor 39 do not function as a motor, but may function as a generator. Therefore, when the engine is started, start the crankshaft 2 with the pedals. In this way, although there is no function as a starter motor, the size and weight of the generator are reduced. (Effects of the invention) According to the invention of the first scope of the patent application, it is not necessary to provide a rotor for a motor and a generator separately from the stepless structure, so the number of parts can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. In addition, because the stator is arranged on the outer periphery of the pulley, the axial dimension of the crank shaft is shortened. This makes it possible to reduce the size and weight of an engine including a stepless engine with a motor and generator, and reduce inertia. In addition, since the amount of power generation does not increase with an increase in the number of engine revolutions, the increase in the amount of power generation can suppress the increase in engine size. According to the invention in item 2 of the scope of the patent application, the angle sensor and the magnet for detecting the angle of the rotor can be housed in a small-sized machine. In addition, according to the invention in the third scope of the patent application, the motor of 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 is simplified to the rotor, and only the surrounding (in the stator actuator 3 1, but The speed can be realized in minutes. Therefore, when the speed is high, the magnet with a large specific friction can be turned into a part of the rotor 15 200409860. The magnet directly acts on the angle sensor and can detect the angle on the outer periphery relative to the crank shaft. Therefore, high-angle detection precision can be obtained. In addition, according to the invention in the scope of patent application No. 4, because the size of the stator can be reduced, it is extremely beneficial to the free arrangement of the housings and the like around the drive-side pulley of the stepless transmission. In addition, according to the invention of claim 5 in the scope of patent application, the magnetic attraction of the rotor from being abruptly released from the stator by energization is suppressed. As a result, the lack of torque due to rapid acceleration is eliminated. [Simplified description of the drawing] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the operation of an engine including a motor and a generator in an embodiment of the present invention. Sectional view of the unit. Figure 2 is an exploded front view of the motor and generator. Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the main parts of the engine control device. Figure 4 is a section showing the position of the drive-side pulley when the number of engine revolutions is increased. Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of engine revolutions Ne and the vehicle speed V when the throttle is fully opened. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of engine revolutions Ne and the vehicle speed V when the magnetic attractive force is controlled to increase the acceleration characteristics. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of engine revolutions Ne and the vehicle speed V in the operating state when the acceleration characteristics are increased. FIG. 8 is a front view of the motor ACG according to the first modification. FIG. 9 is a front view of the generator according to the second modification. 16 312 / Invention Specification (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860 A cross-sectional view. Figure 10 is a second variation of the generator (component symbol description) 1 Engine 2 Crank shaft 3 Crank case 4 Bearing 5 Bearing 6 Crank pin
7 連桿 8 冷卻風扇 9 驅動凸輪驅動用鏈輪 10 齒輪 11 驅動側皮帶輪 12 斜面板 13 滾筒載荷 14 變速機箱 15 角度感測器 16 感測用磁鐵 17 輛鐵 18 磁鐵 19 定子 20 從動側皮帶輪 2 1 軸承 22 從動軸 17 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11 /92123712 2004098607 Connecting rod 8 Cooling fan 9 Sprocket for cam drive 10 Gear 11 Drive-side pulley 12 Sloping panel 13 Drum load 14 Gearbox 15 Angle sensor 16 Magnet for sensing 17 Iron 18 Magnet 19 Stator 20 Drive-side pulley 2 1 Bearing 22 Driven shaft 17 312 / Invention specification (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 200409860
23 軸 承 24 軸 承 25 離 合 器 制 動 片 26 減 速 齒 輪 27 制 動 片 支 持 板 28 杯 狀 構 件 29 V 字' 形 皮 帶 30 罩 蓋 31 腳 踏 起 動 器 32 ECU 33 馬 達 ACG 3 3a 發 電 機 34 蓄 電 池 35 AC/DC 換 流 器 36 調 即 器 37 Λ-/Γ 即 流 閥 感 測 器 38 變 速 特 性 控 制部 39 轉 子 40 加 速 檢 測 部 (圖3) 40 支 架 (圖 8) 41 通 電 控 制 部 42 馬 達 驅 動 電 路 111 固 定 皮 帶 輪 片 112 活 動 皮 帶 輪 片 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11/92123712 18 200409860 19 1 鋼 片 192 輛 鐵 193 三 相 定 子 線 圈 200 鏍 栓 20 1 固 定 皮 帶 輪 片 202 活 動 皮 帶 輪 片 NLMT 上 限 旋 轉 數 N1 引 擎 旋 轉 數 N3 引 擎 旋 轉 數 Ne 引 擎 旋 轉 數 V 車 速 19 312/發明說明書(補件)/92-11/9212371223 bearing 24 bearing 25 clutch brake pad 26 reduction gear 27 brake pad support plate 28 cup member 29 V-shaped belt 30 cover 31 foot pedal 32 ECU 33 motor ACG 3 3a generator 34 battery 35 AC / DC replacement Flow regulator 36 Adjuster 37 Λ- / Γ Flow valve sensor 38 Variable speed characteristic control section 39 Rotor 40 Acceleration detection section (Fig. 3) 40 Bracket (Fig. 8) 41 Current control section 42 Motor drive circuit 111 Fixed pulley plate 112 Movable pulley 312 / Invention manual (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712 18 200409860 19 1 Steel plate 192 Iron 193 Three-phase stator coil 200 Coupling 20 1 Fixed pulley fin 202 Movable pulley NLMT upper limit rotation number N1 engine Number of revolutions N3 Number of engine revolutions Ne Number of engine revolutions V Speed 19 312 / Invention manual (Supplement) / 92-11 / 92123712