TW200409630A - N-ureidoalkyl-piperidines as modulators of chemokine receptor activity - Google Patents
N-ureidoalkyl-piperidines as modulators of chemokine receptor activity Download PDFInfo
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- TW200409630A TW200409630A TW092124660A TW92124660A TW200409630A TW 200409630 A TW200409630 A TW 200409630A TW 092124660 A TW092124660 A TW 092124660A TW 92124660 A TW92124660 A TW 92124660A TW 200409630 A TW200409630 A TW 200409630A
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- 229960000833 xylometazoline Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Description
200409630 Π) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明一般而言係關於趨化激素受體活性調節劑’內 含彼之藥學組成物、以及使用彼作爲藥劑以治療及預防發 炎性疾病(例如:氣喘與過敏性疾病)、與自體免疫病狀 (例如:類風濕性關節炎與粥樣硬化)的方法。 【先前技術】 趨化激素是一種由多種細胞釋出之趨化性細胞激動素 (分子量6-15 kDa),藉以吸引及活化其他類型的細胞:巨 噬細胞、T以及B淋巴細胞、嗜伊白血球、嗜鹼細胞以及 嗜中性白血球(參見Luster5NewEng.JMed.5 338,436-445 ( 1 99 8 )and Rollins, Blood,90,909-928 ( 1 9 9 7))。趨化 激素主要是依據其胺基酸序列的前二個半胱氨酸是否間隔 著一個胺基酸(CXC)或是彼此毗連(CC)而歸成二類(CXC 以及CC)。CXC趨化激素,例如:介白素-8(IL-8)、嗜中 性白血球-活化蛋白質-2(NAP-2)以及黑素瘤生長刺激活化 蛋白質(MGSA)主要是對嗜中性白血球以及T淋巴細胞有 趨化性,而 CC趨化激素,例如:RANTES、ΜΙΡ-1α、 ΜΙΡ-1β、單核細胞化學吸引蛋白質(MCP-1、MCP-2、 MCP-3、MCP-4、及MCP-5)以及嗜酸性粒細胞趨化蛋白(-1、、及-3)則特別對其他類型的細胞:巨噬細胞、Τ淋 巴細胞、嗜伊白血球、樹枝狀細胞、及嗜鹼細胞有趨化 性。趨化激素還有:淋巴細胞趨化蛋白-1、淋巴細胞趨化 -5- (2) (2)200409630 蛋白-2 (均爲C趨化激素),以及不屬於二種主要趨化激素 次家族其中任一種之不規則趨化蛋白(CXXXC趨化激 素)。 趨化激素係結合至屬於G-蛋白質耦合的七個橫越細 胞膜結構區蛋白質家族之專一性細胞表面受體(參見 Horuk,Trends Pharm.Sci·,15,1 5 9- 1 65 ( 1 9 94)),稱爲”趨 化激素受體’’。結合其同源的配體後,趨化激素受體經由 相關於三聚的G蛋白質轉導一個細胞內信號,造成(除了 別的反應以外):快速提高細胞內鈣濃度、改變細胞形 狀、增加細胞粘附分子的表現、去顆粒化、以及增進細胞 遷移。至少有十個人類趨化激素受體與CC趨化激素連接 或反應,且具有下列特定模式:CCR1(或” CKR-1”或” CC-CKR-lM)[MIP-la5 MCP-3, MCP-4, RANTES)(Ben-Barruch5 e t al.,Cell,72,415-425(1993),Luster,New Eng. J. Med., 3 3 8, 43 6-445 ( 1 998)) ; CCR-2A 及 CCR-2B(或 ”CKR- 2 A,,/,,C K R - 2 B,,或 ’,C C - C K R - 2 A,,/M C C - C K R - 2 B 丨,)[M C P - 1, MCP2,MCP-3, MCP-4, MCP-5](Charo et al.? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,91,2 7 5 2 -2 7 5 6 ( 1 9 94),Luster, New Eng. J. Med.,3 3 8,43 6-445 ( 1 99 8 )) ; CCR-3(或,,CKR-3,,或’,(:(:-CKR-3n )[eotaxin-l? eotaxin-2? RANTES, MCP-35 MCP- 4 ] ( C o m b a d i e r e ? et a 1. ? J . Biol. Chem·, 270, 16491- 16494(1995), Luster, New Eng. J. Med., 338, 436- 44 5 ( 1 9 9 8 )) ; CCR-4(或,,CKR-4,,或,,CC-CKR-4”)[TARC, MIP-la, RANTES, MCP-l](P〇wer et al.? J. Biol. Chern., (3) (3)200409630 270,19495-19500(1995),Luster,New Eng. J. Med·,338, 4 3 6 -44 5 ( 1 9 9 8 )) ; CCR-5(或.’CKR-5”或,,CCCKR-5,,)[MIP-lot, RANTES,MIP-lp](San son,et al.,Biochemistry,35,3362-3 3 67 ( 1 996)) ; CCR-6(或,,CKR-6n 或"CC-CKR- 6")[LARC](Baba et al·,J· Biol. Chem·, 2 72, 1 4 8 93 - 1 4 8 9 8 ( 1 997)) ; CCR-7(或,,CKR-7’,或 nCC-CKR- 7”)[ELC](Yoshie e t al., J. Leukoc. Biol. 6 2 ? 634- 644( 1 997)) ; CCR-8(或” CKR-8n 或"CC-CKR-8”)[卜 3 09, TARC? MIP-1 p](Napolitano et al.? J. Immunol., 157? 275 9-2763 ( 1 996), Bernardini et al.? Eur. J. Immunol., 2 8, 5 82 - 5 8 8 ( 1 9 9 8 )) ; and C C R _ 1 〇 (或” C K R -1 0,,J,,CC-CKR- 10”)[MCP-15 MCP-3](Bonini et al,DNA and Cell Biol·, 16, 1 249- 1 25 6( 1 997))。最近的二篇趨化激素受體評論爲⑴A. Ziotnik and 0· Yoshi,Immunity 2000,12,121-127;及 (i i) P. H. Carter, Current Opinion in Chemical Biology 2002,6,5 1 0-52 〇 除了哺乳動物的趨化激素受體之外,哺乳動物的巨細 胞病毒、皰疹病毒以及痘病毒已顯示在感染的細胞中能表 現具有和趨化激素受體結合之性質的蛋白質(參見Wells and Schwartz, C u r r . O p i n . Biotech., 8,741-748(1997))。 人類CC趨化激素,例如RANTES以及MCP-3,能導致鈣 經由此類病毒編碼之受體快速的動員。受體表現可顛覆正 常的免疫系統檢查以及對感染之回應因而容許感染發生。 此外,人類趨化激素受體,例如:CXCR4、CCR2、 (4) (4)200409630 C C R 3、C C R 5以及C C R 8,能作爲哺乳動物細胞感染微生 物(例如人類免疫不全病毒)的共同受體。 趨化激素受體是發炎性的、感染性的、及免疫調節的 病症及疾病重要的調控物,該病症及疾病包括:氣喘與過 敏性疾病、自體免疫病狀,例如:類風濕性關節炎及粥樣 硬化。例如,趨化激素受體CCR-3伴演的重要功能是在 變應性的炎症位點吸引嗜伊白血球,接著並活化此類細 胞。CCR-3之趨化激素配體可誘發細胞內鈣濃度快速的增 加、增加細胞粘附分子的表現、細胞的去顆粒化、以及增 進嗜伊白血球之移動。據此,調控趨化激素受體之藥劑將 可用於此病症及疾病。此外,調控趨化激素受體之藥劑也 可用於傳染性疾病,例如阻斷表現CCR3之細胞遭到人類 免疫不全病毒之感染或預防病毒例如巨細胞病毒操作免疫 的細胞反應。 過去的數十年在技藝上已累積相當完整的關於取代六 氫吡啶、piperizinones以及吡咯啶的技術。此類化合物已 涉及治療各種病症。 W Ο 9 8 /2 5 6 0 4描述經螺位取代的吖環,其可適用爲趨 化激素受體調節劑:
(5) 200409630 其中R】爲C丨·6烷基,其可視需要經货μ 目此基取代,例 如:-NR6CONHR7,其中R6及R7可爲苯其 +蒌,其可進一步 的經羥基、烷基、氰基、鹵素及鹵烷基取件 r,, ^ 代。此類螺化合 物均屬於本發明之範圍。 WO 9 5/ 1 3 069係關於某些六氫吡啶^
Kit卩各D疋、以及六 氫-1H-氮呼之化合物,其通式爲:
-NHCO-A-N
A Η
Rs 其中A可爲經取代之烷基或經Z取代的丨完基,其中 Z = NRόa或0。此類化合物宣稱可促進人類及動物釋放出 生長激素。 WO 93/06 1 08揭示吡咯基苯并噚啡衍生物之5_羥色胺 (5-ΗΤ)促效劑及拮抗劑:
其中Α爲較低碳數伸院基以及R4可爲苯基,彼可視 需要經鹵素取代。 (6) (6)200409630 美國專利第5,6 6 8 5 1 5 1號揭示由1,4 -二氫吡啶組成之 神經肽Y (N P Y)拮抗劑,其內含之六氫毗啶基或四氫吡啶 基部分係附著至4-苯基環的3_位置:
其中B可爲NH、NR1、〇、或一種鍵結,以及R7可 經苯基、苄基、苯乙基等取代。 專利公告EP 0 903 3 49 A2揭示包含環胺類之CCR-3 受體拮抗劑,其構造式如下:
Ar-(F)-(E) - CR3R4 - (CHR)m—^U—Q-Ar1 其中T及u可均爲氮或其中一個T及u爲氮而另一 個爲碳,E則可爲-NR6CONR5和其他化合物。 WO 97/27752揭示以下之化合物,其通式爲: (f)「 Μ 〇 Rs V~Al(CRla2)nA2(CRla2)n-^[(CRlb2)p〜N JL N〆(CR22)p-< 3 R5^ R^b ^ 其中W可爲吡唑環。此類化合物爲法呢基-蛋白轉移 酶抑制劑申稱可治療癌症。 -10- (7)200409630 W Ο 9 9 / 0 4 7 9 4係關於趨化激素活性調節劑’其通式 其中申請專利範圍的化合物僅爲對位經取代的六氫口比 D定0 WO 9心22846揭示以下之化合物,其通式爲:
R
(CH2)n-Y2 - B1—A1-Q1 其中 r 1 0 〇
OH 而R1(U及Rl〇2可視需要聯結形成雜環族化合物環。 此類揭示之化合物爲敏化腫瘤細胞藥劑或抗癌症藥劑。 WO 00/3 545 3揭示以下之化合物,其通式爲: U 〜E—R3 WO 0 0/3 545 3展示之實施例並非本發明之一部分。 -11 - (8) 200409630 前述之技藝不曾揭示也不曾提議新穎的N-脲基烷基-六氫吡啶編入此獨特構造片段的組合具有作用於趨化激素 受體之活性。 【發明內容】 據此,本發明的特色之一是提供新穎的CCR-3促效 劑或拮抗劑、或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽類或前驅藥物。
本發明提供包含醫藥學上可接受的載體以及有效治療 量之至少一個本發明之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽類 或形成彼之前藥物的藥學組成物。 本發明提供治療發炎性的疾病以及變應性病症的方 法’其係包含對需要此種治療的宿主投用有效治療量之至 少一個本發明之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽類或前形 成彼之藥物。 本發明提供新穎的N-脲基烷基六氫毗啶以應用於治
療。 本發明提供使用新穎的N脲基烷基-六氫吡啶製作治 療變應性病症的藥劑。 此類以及其它特色(經下列詳細描述將更明顯)經本案 發明人發現式(I)之化合物: -12- 200409630
或其立體異構物或醫藥學上可接受的鹽類,其中R1 及R2定義如下,是趨化激素活性有效的調節劑。 【實施方式】 [1 ]因此,在第一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供新穎 的式(I)之化合物:
或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽,其中係選自甲基;以 及 R2係選自Η、甲基、及乙基。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供式(I)之化合 物,其中 R2 爲 Η。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供式(I)之化合 - 13- (10) (10)200409630 物,其中 R2爲甲基。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供式(1)之化合 物,其中 R2爲乙基。 [5]在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供式(1)之化合 物,其中化合物係選自: N-[3 -乙基-5·(卜甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基)苯]-N’-{(lR,2S)-3-[(3S)-3-(4-氟苄基)-1-六氫吡啶基]-2-羥基-1- 甲基丙基}尿素; >^-{(111,2 3)-3-[(3 3)-3-(4-氟苄基)_1-六氫吡啶基]-2-羥 基-1-甲基丙基}->1'-[3-(1-甲基-1H -四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基]尿 素;和 1{(11152 3)-3-[(3 3>3-(4-氟苄基)_卜六氫卩比啶基]-2-羥 基-卜甲基丙基}^’-[3-甲基甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基) 苯基]尿素。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供包含醫藥學上可 接受的載體以及有效治療量之本發明化合物的藥學組成 物。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供調控趨化激素受 體活性之方法,該方法包含對須要的病人投用有效治療量 之本發明化合物。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供包含醫藥學上可 -14- (11) (11)200409630 接受的載體以及有效治療量之本發明化合物的藥學組成物 或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽類。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供調控趨化激素受 體活性之方法,該方法包含將CCR3受體和有效抑制量的 化合物接觸。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供治療發炎性的病 症之方法,該方法包含對須要的病人投用有效治療量之本 發明化合物,或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽類。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供治療病症之方 法,該病症係選自:氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、局部型皮膚炎、 炎性腸病、特發性肺纖維化、大皰的天皰瘡、蠕虫性寄生 蟲的感染、變應性的結腸炎、皮膚發炎、結膜炎、移植、 家族性嗜伊紅血球過多、嗜伊的蜂窩組織炎、嗜伊的肺 炎、嗜酸性粒細胞性筋膜炎、嗜伊的胃腸炎、藥品誘發的 嗜伊紅血球過多、人類免疫不全病毒感染、囊性纖維化、 C h u r g - S t r a u s s症候群、淋巴瘤、何傑金病、及結腸癌。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供治療病症之方 法,該病症係選自:氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、局部型皮膚炎、 及炎性腸病。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供治療氣喘之方 法。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供治療過敏性鼻炎 之方法。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供治療局部性皮膚 -15- (12) 200409630 炎之方法。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供治療炎性腸病之 方法。 在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供新穎的N_脲基 烷基-六氫吡啶化合物應用於治療上之用途。
在另一具體實施態樣中,本發明提供使用新穎的N 脲基烷基-六氫吡啶製作治療人類免疫不全病毒感染的藥 劑。 定義
在此描述之化合物可帶有不對稱中心。本發明內含不 對稱取代的原子之化合物可分離成旋光或外消旋形式。旋 光形式之製備方法爲已知的技藝,例如自旋光的起始材料 中解析外消旋的形式或進行合成。許多烯烴、C = N雙鍵、 及其類似者的幾何同分異構物也能存在在此描述之化合 物,以及所有這樣的穩定同分異構物均屬於本發明。本發 明化合物包括正及反式幾何的同分異構物以及可分離成同 分異構物之混合物或分離成同分異構的形式。除非這專一 性的立體化學或同分異構的形式被特別地指出,否則所有 的對掌性的、非鏡像異構的、外消旋的形式以及所有的幾 何的同分異構的形式的構造均屬於本發明。 本文術語之”經取代的’’係指在指定原子上任何一個或 多個氫被選定的基團取代,其限制條件爲不超過該指定原 子之正常效價,且取代要導致穩定之化合物。當取代基爲 -16- (13) (13)200409630 酮I基(即,=〇),則原子上的2個氫被取代。 當化合物中之任何組份或分子式中發生一次以上之可 變物(例如,R”時,在各出現時其定義與其他出現之定義 各不相關。因此,例如若一個基團被〇_2個Ra取代,則 該基團可視需要經多至二個Ra基團取代,而各個Μ係分 別選自Ra之定義。也僅當此組合產生穩定化合物時,取 代基及/或可變基的組合物才可存在。 當取代基上的鍵結跨越一個鍵結連接環上的二個原 子,則這樣的取代基可鍵結至環上的任何原子。當表列之 取代基未指出是經由取代基上的哪一個原子鍵結至給定的 化合物分子式之其餘部份,則這樣的取代基可經由取代基 上之任何原子進行鍵結.。當此組合可產生穩定化合物時, 取代基及/或可變基的組合物才可存在。 本文之”C】_8烷基”包含分支的以及直鏈的飽和脂肪族 煙基團’其具有特定數目的碳原子,實施例包括(但非限 於):甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、 二級-丁基、第三-丁基、戊基、及己基。Cl_8烷基包含: C】、C2、c3、c4、c5、c:6、c7、及匚8烷基團。 ’’嫌基’’包括直鏈的或分支構型的烴鏈以及鏈上任何穩 定點的一個或多個不飽和的碳-碳鍵,例如:乙烯基以及 两烯基等。”炔基”包括直鏈的或分支構型的烴鏈以及鏈上 任何穩定點的一個或多個不飽和的碳-碳參鍵,例如:乙 炔基以及丙炔基等。” c 3 _ 6環烷基”包含飽和的環基團,其 環具有特定數目的碳原子,包括單-、雙、或多,聚環系 -17- (14) (14)200409630 統’例如:環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、及環庚基 之C?環烷基。C3 6環烷基包含C3、c4、c5、及c6環烷基 團。 ’’鹵素”或’,鹵素”在此意指氟、氯、溴、及碘;以及” ® 完基”包含分支以及直鏈的飽和脂肪族烴基團(例如 CF3) ’其具有特定的碳原子數,經i或更多個鹵素取代 (例如- CVFW,其中至3以及w=l至(2v+l))。 it語”醫藥學上可接受的”在此意指在醫學範圍之內, _ 於接觸人類以及動物組織而無多餘毒性、刺激、過敏 1生β應' 或其它問題或倂發症,有合理的.利益/危機比之 化合物、材料、組成物、及/或劑型。 本文之”醫藥學上可接受的鹽類”意指揭示化合物之衍 生物’其中母化合物係經製作其酸性或鹼性鹽類加以修 飾。醫藥學上可接受鹽類的實施例包括(但非限於):無機 的或有機酸鹼性殘基的鹽類,例如胺類;鹼或有機酸性殘 基的鹽類’例如羧酸;等。醫藥學上可接受的鹽類包含習 見的無毒鹽類或母化合物形成的四級銨鹽,例如來自無毒 性的無機或有機酸。例如,習見的無毒鹽類包含那些源自 無機酸,例如:氯化氫、溴化氫、硫酸、胺磺酸、磷酸、 硝酸及其類似者之鹽類;以及該鹽類可製備自有機酸,例 如:乙酸、丙酸、琥珀酸、乙醇酸、硬脂酸、乳酸、蘋果 酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、抗壞血酸、甲基東莨萣酸、順丁烯 一酸、經基順丁烯二酸、苯基乙酸、鍵胺酸、苯甲酸、水 楊酸、苯磺胺酸、2 -乙醯氧基苯甲酸、反丁燒二酸、甲苯 -18- (15) (15)200409630 磺酸、甲磺酸、乙烷二磺酸、草酸、羥基乙烷磺酸等。 本發明醫藥學上可接受的鹽類可用習見的化學方法合 成自含有鹼性或酸性部分的母化合物。一般而言,製備這 樣的鹽類是將自由酸或鹼形式之此類化合物和化學計量的 適當鹼或酸反應,鹼或酸可溶於水溶液或有機溶劑,或此 二者之混合物;一般而言,非水溶性介質例如乙醚、乙酸 乙酯、乙醇、異丙醇、或乙腈爲較佳。適當的鹽類可參見 Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17th e d., Mack Publishing Company,Easton, P A ? 1985,p. 1418,其揭示 全文在此并入參考文獻。 由於前驅藥物習知可增強許多令人滿意的藥物品質 (例如:溶解度、生物效性、製造等),所以本發明之化合 物可以前藥物之形式運送。因此,本發明涵蓋申請專利範 圍化合物之前驅藥物、運送彼之方法以及內含彼之組成 物。π前驅藥物”預期包含任何共價鍵鍵結的載體,當這樣 的前藥物投用至哺乳動物後可在活體內釋放出本發明的活 性母體藥品。本發明前驅藥物的製備是改變化合物存在之 官能基’使該修飾物(於常規地操作或在活體內)可分解成 母化合物。本發明前驅藥物包含之化合物,其中羥基、胺 基、或硫氫基可鍵結至任何基團,當本發明前藥物投用至 哺乳動物時,可分別分解形成自由羥基、自由胺基、或自 由硫氫基。前驅藥物之實施例包括(但非限於):本發明化 合物之醇與胺官能基之乙酸酯、甲酸酯以及苯甲酸酯衍生 物。 -19- (16) 200409630 ”穩定化合物”和”穩定構築物”係指可於產生適用純度 之反應混合物的分離、以及調配成有效治療劑的化合物中 充分健全生存。本發明只包含穩定的化合物。 ”有效治療量”包含本發明化合物的單獨量或申請專利 範圍化合物的組合量或本發明化合物結合其它有效治療在 此fe述的發炎性疾病的有效成分之含量。
本文之’’治療”或”治療”涵蓋治療哺乳動物,尤其是人 類之疾病狀態,以及包括:(a)預防哺乳動物疾病狀態之 發生,尤其是當哺乳動物有疾病狀態之傾向但是未經診 斷具有此疾病時;(b)抑制疾病狀態,抑制其發展;及/或 (Ο緩和疾病狀態,即造成疾病狀態退化。 合成
式I之化合物能使用下述之反應及技藝製備。反應是 在適於試劑以及材料以及適用於這有效轉形的適當溶劑中 進行。熟悉有機合成技藝的專業人士將會瞭解分子呈現之 官能性應與提議的轉形一致。有時需要判斷以修改合成步 驟的次序或選擇特定的方案以取得所要求的本發明化合 物。也能確認計劃中任何合成路徑的另一主要顧慮,明智 的選擇保護基保護描述於本發明化合物中存在的反應性官 能基。權威性的說明對受過訓練的專業人士描述許多的代 用方法可參見 Greene and Wuts(Protective Groups In Or ganic Synthesis,Wiley and Sons,1999) o -20- (17) (17) 200409630 實施例 :明之化合物及其製備可用下列工作實施例作進一 +的瞭解。此類®施例係用以說明本發明’而非對彼加以 限制。 實施例1 部分A。製備3_溴硝基苯甲酸
將3 -硝基苯甲酸(1 6.7克,1 0 0毫莫耳,1當量)在5 0 下與5 0毫升之三氟乙酸以及2 0毫升的硫酸.攪拌。在3 小時內分3次加入N-溴琥珀醯亞胺(26.7克,150毫莫 耳,1 . 5當量)。攪拌1 6小時然後冷卻至2 5 t。將反應傾 倒至200毫升之冰水以及用乙酸乙酯萃取(3x100毫升)。 合倂有機層、Na2S04乾燥、在真空下去除有機溶液以生 成白色固體。於二氯甲烷中再結晶純化以生成1 7 .克之白 色固體產物。NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6)5 14.30-13.30(m, 1H),8.60(t,1H,J = 3 Hz),8.55(s,1H,J = 3 Hz),8.37(s5 1H, J = 3 Hz) 〇 部分B。製備3 -溴-N -甲基-5 -硝基苯甲醯胺 -21 - (18) 200409630
Η Ν、 製備3-溴-Ν-甲基-5-硝基苯甲醯胺之方法可參見實施 例3之Α及Β部份,以實施例1,部分Α之3-溴-5-硝基 苯甲酸作爲起始物質。 NMR(300 MHz, DMSO-d6)5 9.92(m, 1H)? 8.64(s? 1H)? 8.53(s,1H),8.43(s,1H),2.81(d,3H,J = 7Hz)。 部分C。製備5-(3 -溴-5 -硝基苯基)-異-甲基-四氮 雜茂
下列工作是在通氣良好的氣櫃中’防爆盾後完成。在 25°C、氮氣下將3_溴-N-甲基硝基苯甲醯胺(2 3.20克’ 9 〇毫莫耳,1當量)懸浮於2 0 0毫升之乙腈,然後加入疊 氮化鈉(5 · 8 2克,9 0毫莫耳,1當量)。冷卻至〇 °C然後很 緩慢的經由漏斗逐滴添加三氟磺酸酐(1 5 ·07毫升,90毫 莫耳,1當量)。反應變成琥珀色之溶液。4小時之後添加 2 0 0毫升飽和的N aH C 0 3收集處理並攪拌1 〇分鐘。然後添 -22- (19) (19)200409630 加乙酸乙酯並分層。乙酸乙酯用飽和的N a H C Ο 3洗滌兩次 然後用濃鹽水洗滌一次。乙酸乙酯用MgS04乾燥、在真 空下去除溶劑以生成琥珀色之油狀物,並在2 5毫升之乙 酸乙酯中攪拌。攪拌5分鐘之後,過濾沈澱固體,以及在 高度真空下生成10.5克之黃褐色固體。去除濾液中之溶 劑然後用矽膠純化以100%二氯甲烷溶析取得額外的9·0 克之固體。此二固體產物的NMR均相同所以加以合倂。 NMR( 3 0 0 MHz? CDC13)6 8.60(s? 1H)? 8.55(s? 1H)? 8.32(s9 1H),7.26(s,1H),4.29(s,3H)。 部分 D。製備卜甲基-5-(3-硝基-5-乙烯基苯基h1H_ 四氮雜茂
在2 5 °C '氮氣下將來自部分C之5 - ( 3 -溴-5 -硝基苯 基)-1-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂(19.50克,68.6毫莫耳,1當 重)、二丁基乙細基錫(Aldrich,,20.06毫升、68.6笔•吴 耳、1當量)、和四(三苯基膦)鈀(0)(Aldrich, 1.59克, 1 .37毫莫耳,0.02當量)混合,然後回流2小時。將反 應物收集處理後以矽膠純化,1 0 0 %二氯甲烷至1 : 1之二 氯甲烷/乙酸乙酯溶析。得到2 2.0克之產物以及三丁基錫 -23- (20) 200409630 之雜質。產物之 NMR(300 MHz, CDC13)5 8.49(d,
Hz)5 8.19(s5 1H),6·86(ηι, 1H), 6.05(d, 1H,卜 5.60(d,1H,J = 7 Hz),4.28(s5 3H)。 部分E。製備3-乙基-5-(1-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂_ 胺 2H,卜7 15 Hz), 5-基)苯
在氮氣下將Pd(OH)2(3.0克)小心的用甲醇濕化 添加入溶於50毫升甲醇之卜甲基-5-(3-硝基-5-乙 基)-1Η -四氮雜茂(17·0克)。在50 PSI下氫化4 /J' 氮氣下經由纖維玻璃濾紙過濾反應物收集處理。在 去除過濾物中之溶劑以生成1 4 · 3克琥珀色之固體 NMR(3 00 MHz? CDC13)5 6.90(s, 1H)? 6.87(s5 1H)? 1H),4.16( s,3H),3.95(bs,2H)5 2.65(q,2H,J: 1 .22(t,3H,J = 7 Hz)。 部分F。製備3-乙基-5-(1-甲基-1H四氮雜茂- 基胺基甲酸苯酯 ,然後 烯基苯 時。在 真空下 產物。 6.73(s5 =7 Hz)5 5 -基)苯 -24- (21) 200409630
在25°C、氮氣下將3 -乙基-5-(卜甲基-四氮雜茂-5-基)苯胺(3.83克’ 19笔;吴耳,1 k里)’ i谷於 THF,然 後添加入2,6 -二甲基吡啶(Aldrich, 2.17毫升,19毫莫 耳,1當量)。將反應冷卻至〇 °C。經由添加漏斗逐滴添加 入氯甲酸苯酯之THF溶液(2.36毫升,19毫莫耳,1當 量)。於一小時之後添加乙酸乙酯以及〇 · 1當量HC 1進行 收集處理。分層以及用〇 · 1當量HC 1 ·洗滌有機層兩次和以 及用濃鹽水洗滌一次。用Mg S04乾燥有機層,然後在真 空去除溶劑以生成 6.00 克之黃褐色固體產物。 NMR(3 0 0MHz, CDC 1 3)δ 7 · 8 6 ( s, 1 Η),7 · 5 0 - 7 · 3 0 (m,5 Η ), 7.30_7.10(m, 3Η),4.17(s,3Η),2.71(q,2Η,J = 7 Ηζ), 1.27( t? 3H? J-7 Hz) 〇 部分G。製備(3S)-l-[(2E)-2-丁烯醯基]-3-(4氟苄基) 六氫卩比Π定
F
〇 -25- (22) (22)200409630 在〇°C、氮氣下將(S)-3-(4-氟苄基)六氫吡啶(4·00 克’ 20.7毫莫耳,1當量)(製備於w〇 〇〇/35453,全文在 此并入參考文獻)、巴豆酸(1.78克,20.7毫莫耳,1當 量)、及苯并三卩坐基-卜基氧基三吡咯啶基鱗六氟磷酸鹽 (PyBOP,11.85克,22.8毫莫耳,丨」當量)混合然後添加 入二乙胺(5.77鼋升,41.4毫莫耳,2當量)。於20小時 之後收集處理,其係在真空下去除溶劑然後用矽膠純化, 以3 : 1至1 : 1己烷/乙酸乙酯溶析取得5 · 4 0克之無色的 油產物。NMR(3 00 MHz,CDCl3)δ7.20-7·04(m,2H),7·04- 6.90(m,2H),6.90-6.60(m,lH),6.40-6.00(m,lH),4.00-3.60(m,lH),3.10-2.30(m,5H),1.95-1.60(m,6H),1.60-1 .30(m,1H),1 .30-1 .〇〇(m,1H) 〇 部分H。製備(211,311)-3-{苄基[(111)-1-苯基乙基]胺 基}-1-[(33)-3-(4 -氟苄基)六氫吡啶- -基]酮基丁 - 2-醇
將火焰乾燥之3-頸燒瓶在氮氣下添加入(R)( + )-N-苄 基-α-甲苄基胺(Aid rich, 6.92毫升,33.1毫莫耳,1.6
當量)之50毫升THF,然後冷卻至-1(TC。在溫度低於0°C 以下逐滴添加入1 . 6莫耳濃度正丁基鋰之己烷(1 9.3 7毫 -26- (23) (23)200409630 升,3 1毫莫耳,1 .5當量)。攪拌此粉紅色溶液45分鐘, 然後進一步的冷卻至-7 0 °C ,然後逐滴添加入(3 S ) - 1 _ [(2E)2-丁烯醯]-3-(4-氟苄基)六氫吡啶(5·40克,20.7毫莫 耳,1當量)。在-7 (TC下攪拌額外的1 . 5小時,然後一次 添加(lS)-( + )-(10-樟腦磺醯基)鸣畊啶(Aldrich,7·58克, 3 3 · 1毫莫耳,1 . 6當量)。在-7 0 °C下攪拌一小時,然後加 熱至〇°C。加入50毫升飽和的NH4C1終止反應。用二氯 甲烷萃取三次。合倂有機層、Mg S04乾燥,然後在真空去 除溶劑以生成油狀物,用矽膠純化以 1 00%氯仿至9 : 1 氯仿/乙酸乙酯溶析。將得到之油狀物於Et20中攪拌。過 濾形成之固體。在真空下去除過濾物中之溶劑以生成6 . 1 3 克白色玻璃狀之產物。>^1411(300 1^1^,(0(:13)3 7.60- 7.40(m? 4H)? 7.40-7.10( m5 5H)? 7.10-6.80(m? 5H)5 4.60-4.10(m? 6H)? 4.00.3 85(ηι? 1H)? 3.8 5 - 3.70(m5 1H)? 3.00-2.70(m,lH),2.70_2.50(m,lH),2.50-2.20(m,3H)v2.00-1·80(ηι5 1H),1.7〇].2〇(m,4H),1.01(d5 3H,J = 7Hz),0·80-〇.50(m5 1 H)。 部分1 °製備(2S,3R)-3-{苄基[(1R)-1-苯基乙基]胺 基M-[(3S)-3-(4_氟苄基)六氫吡啶-^基卜丁 -2-醇 -27- (24) (24)200409630
在 25t、氮氣下將(211,311)-3-{苄基[(111)-1-苯基乙基] 胺基}-l-[(3S)-3-(4氟苄基)六氫毗啶-1-基]-1-酮基丁 - 2-醇 (1 .00克,2.05毫莫耳,1當量)溶於THF,然後逐滴添加 入1.0莫耳濃度硼烷之THF(6.14毫升,6.14毫莫耳,3 當量)。觀察到起泡和產生汽體同時有輕微的放熱。回流 3小時。停止加熱。逐滴加入1 〇毫升甲醇小心的終止反 應。一旦添加完成,加入1當量HC1以及回流v 4小時。 小心的用飽和的NaHC03鹼化收集處理。然後將此鹼性的 水溶性用氯仿萃取三次。合倂有機層,以MgS04乾燥以 及在真空去除溶劑以生成 6 0 0毫克無色的油狀產物。 NMR(300 MHz, CDC13)5 7.45-7.10(m5 10H)? 7.10-6.97(m? 2H),6.97-6.80(m5 2H)? 4.00-3.80(q5 1 H? J = 7Hz)5 3.40· 3.20(m,1H)5 2.7 5 -2.5 5 (m,2H),2.55-2·20(ιιι5 3H),2.05(t, 1H,J-7 Hz)? 1.70-1.37( m,9H), 1.37(d,3H,J = 7 Hz), 1.20(d,3H,J = 7 H z) ? 1 . 0 0 - 0.7 0 (m,1 H)。 部分J。製備(2S,3R)-3-胺基-l-((3S)-3-(4氟苄基)-卜 六氫吡啶基]-2-丁醇 -28- (25) 200409630
nh2
在氮氣下小心的將Pd(0H)2用甲醇濕化,然後將 (2S,3R)-3-{〒基[(1R)-卜苯基乙基]胺基} M(3S)-3-(4-氟苄 基)六氫吡啶- l-基}丁 - 2-醇(5.10克)溶於50毫升甲醇,接 著添加入50毫升乙酸。在50 PSI下氫化過夜。在氮氣下 用纖維玻璃濾紙過濾去除催化劑進行收集處理。濾液在真 空去除溶劑以生成油狀物,將其溶於二氯甲烷魚後用飽和 的NaHC〇3洗滌兩次。將水溶液用1當量的NaOH調至 1 2,然後用二氯甲烷萃取三次。合倂此1當量N a Ο Η收集 處理液的二氯甲烷萃取液,以MgS04乾燥然後在真空去 除溶劑以生成2.6克之幾乎無色的油產物。NMR(300 MHz, CDCl3)3 7·15-7.00(ηι,2H),7.00-6.85(m, 2H)5 3.60-3.40(m, 1H),3.1〇-2.90(m? 1H)5 2.90-2.80( m? 1H)? 2.80-2.60( m5
1H), 2.60-2.00(m? 5H)5 2.00- 1.4 0 (m? 7H)? 1.06(d? 3H? J = 7 Hz). l.〇0-0 80(m,1H)。 部分K。製備 Ν-[3·乙基-5-(卜甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基]->^’-{(111,23)-3-[(33)-3-(4氟苄基)-1-六氫毗啶 基]-2 -經基-I-甲基丙基}尿素 -29- (26) (26)200409630
在 25t、氮氣下將(2S,3R)-3-胺基-l-[(3S)-3-(4-氟苄 基)-卜六氫吡啶基]-2-丁醇(50毫克,0.189毫莫耳,1當 量)以及3-乙基5-(異-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基胺基甲 酸苯酯(58毫克,0.189毫莫耳,1當量)在乙腈中共同攪 拌。在6小時之後在真空下移除溶劑,然後用矽膠純化以 1 00乙酸乙酯至4 : 1氯仿/甲醇溶析進行收集處理。得到 69 毫克白色玻璃狀產物。NMR(3 00 MHz,CDC13)S 7.67(s, 1 H)? 7.4 5 (m ? 1H),7 . 1 3 (m ? 1 H ) 5 7 . 1 0 - 7.0 0 (m 3 2H)57.0 0 - 6 · 80(m,2H),4.1 2(s,3 Η), 4·00-3·82(ηι,1H),3. 8 2 -3.6 0 (m, 1H),3.00-2.85(m? 1H), 2.85-2.68( m? 1H)? 2.61(q? 2H? J = 7 H z),2.60-2.20( m5 6H)? 1 . 9 0 - 1 . 4 0 ( m ? 5 H ) ? 1 . 3 0 - 1 . 1 0 (m ? 5 H ),1 · 0 0 - 0.8 0 (m,1 H)。Mass S p e c (E S I)偵測 5 1 0 (M + H)。 實施例2 部分A。製備3-(1-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基胺基 甲酸苯酯 -30- (27) (27)200409630
以3-硝基苯甲酸作爲起始原料製造3-(1-甲基-1H-四 氮雜茂-5-基)苯基胺基甲酸苯酯,使用的方法如實施例1 之部份 B、C、F。NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6)8 10.60(bs, 1 H)? 8.03(s, 1H)? 7.80-7.70( m? 1H), 7.60-7.50( m? 2H)? 7.50-7.35(m5 2H)? 7.35-7.20(m,3H),4.17(s,3H)。 部分B。製備N-{(lR,2S)-3-[(3S)-3-(4氟苄基)-卜六 氫吡啶基;1-2-羥基-卜甲基丙基;MsT[3-(l-甲基-1H-四氮雜 茂-5-基)苯基]尿素
在 25°C、氮氣下將(2S,3R)-3-胺基-l-[(3S)-3_(4-氟苄 基)-卜六氫吡啶基]-2-丁醇(50毫克,0.189毫莫耳,1當 量)與苯基 3-(1-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基胺基甲酸苯 酯(53毫克,0.189毫莫耳,1當量)在乙腈中共同攪拌。 在6小時之後在真空下移除溶劑,然後用矽膠純化以1 0 0 乙酸乙酯至4 : 1氯仿/甲醇溶析進行收集處理。得到58 -31 - (28) (28)200409630 毫克白色玻璃狀產物。NMR( 3 0 0 MHz, CDC13)S 7.84(S, lh)? 7.61(D, lh? j-7 Hz), 7.39(t? 1H? J = 7Hz); 7.28(d, 1H? J = 7Hz),7.15 - 7.00(m,2H),7.00 6.80(m,2H)5 4.17(s, 3H)5 4.00 · 3.84(ηι,1H), 3.8 4 - 3.7 0 (m,1H),2.88(d,1H5 J = 7Hz)? 2.80 - 2.60( m ? 1H)?2.60 - 2.10(m? 5H)? 1.80 -1.40(m, 5H), 1.14(s5 3H), 1.05 - 0.80(m5 1H) 〇 Mass S p e c (E S I)偵測 4 8 2 (M + H)。 實施例3 部分A。製備3-(氯羰基)-5硝基苯甲酸甲酯
在100毫升CH2C12中合倂單-甲基-5-硝基異 酸酯 (10.0克,39.19毫莫耳)以及草醯氯(39.2毫升2.0莫耳濃 度溶液溶解於 C H 2 C 1 2,7 8 · 3 8毫莫耳),添加入數滴 D M F,造成產生猛烈的汽體。在室溫下將此混合物攪拌2 小時,在此時間內懸浮液變成澄淸的溶液。在真空下濃 縮,然後從200毫升甲苯中在真空下再濃縮兩次去除過量 的草醯氯。立刻用於下一步驟。 部分Β。製備3-[((甲基胺基)羰基]-5-硝基苯甲酸甲 -32- (29) 200409630
Η
將甲胺(120毫莫耳,3當量)之100毫升THF溶液冷 卻至〇 °C。 逐滴添加入前一步驟之3-(氯羰基)-5-硝基苯甲酸甲 酯(全部量)的1〇〇毫升THF溶液,造成白色固體沈澱。將 混合物回溫至室溫,並攪拌1 6小時。過濾移除固體,以 及用 THF洗滌。在真空下濃縮濾液產生白色固體,用乙 醚硏碎,過濾收集、乾燥至產生1 〇 . 1 1克之白色固體產 物。NMR( 3 00 MHz,DMSO)S 9 · 0 5 (b d,0 · 7 Η,J = 4 Η z ), 8.94(bd? 0.3H? J = 4 Hz), 8.90(dd, 1H,J = 2 Hz), 8.81- 8.77( m,1H),8.74-8.7 2(m,1H),3.96(s5 3H),2.84(d,3H, J 二4 Hz)。 部分 C。製備3-(1-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基)-5-硝基 苯甲酸甲酯 N=N ; \
〇 - 33- (30) 200409630 下列工作是在通氣良好的氣櫃中,防爆盾後完成。在 氮氣下將3 -[(甲胺基)羰基]_ 5 _硝基苯甲酸甲酯(丨〇 · 1克,
4 2 · 4毫莫耳)以及疊氮化鈉(2.9克,4 4.6毫莫耳)懸浮於無 水乙腈’將混合物冷卻至-5。(:,以及用注射針筒緩慢的添 加入三氟擴酸酐(7 · 5毫升,4 4.6毫莫耳)。在-5 °C下將此 混合物攪拌1 . 5小時,在此時間內懸浮液變成澄淸的溶 液。添加入2 0 0毫升1當量N a Ο Η收集處理反應物,以及 攪拌十分鐘。然後分層,以及將水溶液用1 0 0毫升 CH2C12萃取3次。合倂的有機相在真空下濃縮,然後溶 於300毫升CH2C12以及用100毫升1當量NaOH、3x50 毫升水、以及50毫升濃鹽水淸洗。有機相以Na2S04乾 燥,然後濃縮至黃色油狀物。用 Si02純化,5_ 10%EtOAc/CH2Cl2溶析,產生8.1克之無色的油狀物,靜 置後硬化成產物。NMR(3 00 MHz, DMSO)5 8.90(dd,1H, J = 2 Hz),8.80(dd,1H,J = 2 Hz), 8.73(dd,1H,J = 2 Hz), 4.21(s,3H),3.98(s,3H)。 部分D。製備3-胺基- 5- (卜甲基-1H四氮雜茂-5 -基)苯 甲酸甲酯 N=N / \
-34- (31) 200409630 在50 PSI下將3-(1-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基)-5-硝基 苯甲酸甲酯(4 3 5毫克,1.65毫莫耳)、鈀/活化的碳 (10%)(50毫克)、及l:lEtOAc/MeOH(20毫升)氫化3小 時。在氮氣下用纖維玻璃濾紙過濾移除催化劑,以及用 MeOH洗滌。在真空下濃縮濾液產生1 4.3 3 7 0毫克之白色 固體產物。NMR(3 00 MHz,DMSO)5 7.49(dd,1H, J = 2 Hz), 7.41(dd? 1H9 J = 2 Hz), 7.25(dd9 1H? J = 2 Hz), 5.83(s? 2H)? 4. 1 5(s,3H),3.85(s,3H)。 部分 E。製備[3-胺基-5-(卜甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基) 苯基]甲醇
OH 將 3 -胺基-5 - ( 1 -甲基-1 Η-四氮雜茂-5 -基)苯甲酸甲酯 (1克,4.29毫莫耳)懸浮於20毫升THF,將混合物冷卻至 〇°C。在此混合物中,逐滴加入LAH(4.3毫升1.0莫耳濃 度之THF溶液,4.3毫莫耳),造成混合物先變成綠色, 然後變成紫色。將混合物回溫至室溫並攪拌1 6小時,在 此期間顏色變成琥珀色。反應是使用Steinhardt步驟 (Feiser & Feiser, Reagents for Orqanic Synthesis vol. 1, 1 9 6 7 5 p g . 5 8 4 .)終止反應,過濾移除產生的固體,用 -35- (32) 200409630
Et〇Ac洗滌,在真空下濃縮濾液產生900毫克淡黃色的固 體產物。NMR(3 0 0 MHz, DMSO)5 6.8 8 - 6 · 8 7 (m, 2 Η ), 6.77(s,iH),5.43(bs,2H), 5.18(t,1H,J = 6 Hz),4.44(d,2H, J二6 Hz), 4. 1 3(s,3H)。 部分F。製備3 -甲基- 5- (1-甲基-1H -四氮雑茂-5-基)苯 胺
N=N / \
在50 PSI下將[3 -胺基- 5- (1-甲基-1H -四氮雜茂-5-基) 苯基]甲醇(3 0 0毫克,1.46毫莫耳)、鈀/活化的碳 (10%)(100寧克)、數滴濃HC1及20毫升MeOH氫化16 小時。在混合物中加入10%NaOH(aq)(5毫升)使呈鹼性, 以及在氮氣下用纖維玻璃濾紙過濾移除催化劑。在真空下 濃縮濾液,殘餘物用50毫升EtOAc以及 50毫升水分 配,及分層。水溶液用2 X 2 5毫升E t Ο A c萃取,將合倂的 有機相乾燥(Na2S04)以及在真空下濃縮產生270毫克之黃 褐色固體產物。NMR(3 00 MHz, DMSO)S 6.81(s,1H), 6.75(s,1H)5 6.60(s,1H),5.37(bs,2H),4.12(s,3H),2.25(s, 3H)。 -36- (33) 200409630 部分G。製備3-甲基- 5-(1-甲基-1H四氮雜茂-5-基)苯 基胺基甲酸苯酯
N=N
從3-甲基- 5-(1-甲基1H-四氮雜茂_5_基)苯胺作爲起 始材料,以實施例1部份F之步驟製備3-甲基- 5-(1-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基胺基甲酸苯酯。NMR分析顯示產 物的純度是 85%。即可用於下一步驟。NMR(3 00 MHz, DMSO)5 10.47(s, 1H)5 7.84(s, 1H),7.57(s, 1H),7.47- 7.38(m,3H)5 7.3 0 - 7.2 3 (m? 3H),4 . 1 7 ( s 5 3 H) 5 2 · 4 0 ( s,3 H)。 部分H。製備N-{(lR,2S)-3-[(3S)-3-(4氟苄基)-卜六 氫吡啶基:1-2-羥基-1-甲基丙基卜Ν’[3-(1-甲基-1H-四氮雜 戊-5-基)本基]尿素
從3-甲基- 5-(1-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基胺基甲 酸苯酯和(28,311)-3-胺基-1-[(3 8)-3-(4-氟苄基)-異-六氫吡 - 37 - (34) (34)200409630 啶基]-2-丁醇以實施例1部份K的步驟製備N-{(1R,2S)、3、 [(3S)-3-(4-氟苄基)-卜六氫吡啶基]-2-羥基-1-甲基丙基I NM3 -甲基-5-(卜甲基-1H -四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基]尿素。 NMR( 3 0 0 MHz,D M S Ο ) δ 7.7 2 ( s,1 Η ),7 · 3 4 ( s,] Η),7 · 2 1 ( s 1Η),7.13(dd,2Η,J = 9,8 Hz), 6.93(dd,2Η,J = 9 Ηζ)5 4 18(s,3H),3.80-3.71(m,2H)5 2·93-2·81(ηι, 2H)5 2.4 8 (d 2H5 J = 7 Hz),2.44-2 ·3 1 (m,5H),2.05(dd,1 H,J= 1 0,1 1 1.83-1.53 (m5 5H)? 1 . 1 1 (d? 3H? J = 7 Hz), 1.05-0.94(m 邋5 1H)。Mass spec(ESI + )偵測 496(M + H)。 功用 本發明化合物作爲嗜伊白血球或表現趨化激素受體# 胞株移動之抑制劑之功用可由用技藝上已知的方法學& 明,例如揭示於 Bacon et a 1.,Brit. J. Pharmacol·,95 96 6-974( 1 9 8 8)之趨化性分析。特定言之,本發明化合物 在上述測定中有抑制嗜伊白血球移動的活性。本文之” @ 性π意指在上述測定中IC5〇濃度爲1 〇微莫耳濃度或以卞 的化合物。該結果顯示此化合物的內在趨化激素受體活性 調節劑活性。人類嗜伊白血球趨化性測試準則將如下述。 人類嗜伊白血球趨化性分析 將9 6孔具有N e u r 〇 p r 〇 b e不含聚乙烯基啦咯院酮之聚 碳酸酯P F D 5的5 -微米濾膜之N e u 1· 〇 p r 〇 b e Μ B A 9 6的趨化 室在分析之前置於3 7 °C反應器中加熱。將新鮮離的人類 -38- (35) (35)200409630 嗜伊白血球,依據例如描述於Hansel et al.(1991)之方法 分離,1 x 1 0 6細胞/毫升懸浮於內含〇 · 1 %牛血淸白蛋白之 RPMI 1640,在分析之前於37 °C之反應器中加熱。將20 毫微莫耳濃度之人類嗜酸性粒細胞趨化蛋白溶液(溶於內 含0.1%牛血淸白蛋白之RPMI 164〇)在分析之前於37X:之 反應器中加熱。將此嗜伊白血球懸浮液以及20毫微莫耳 濃度之嗜酸性粒細胞趨化蛋白溶液各以預熱的內含0.1 % 牛血淸白蛋白的RPMI 1 64 0溶液(含或不含所要求的最終 濃度兩倍之稀釋的測驗化合物)以1 : 1混合。在分析之前 將此類混合物在3 7 °C反應器中加熱。將濾膜與預熱的神 經探測趨化室分離,並將這嗜酸性粒細胞趨化蛋白/化合 物混合物置於神經探測趨化室底部之Polyfiltronics MPC 96孔測試盤。體積差不多是3 70微升且分發之後應呈正 彎月型。將濾膜再置於96孔測試盤上,橡皮墊圈附著至 上方趨化室底部,並組裝趨化室。將2 0 0微升體積之細胞 懸浮液/化合物混合物加入上趨化室適當的孔洞中。將上 趨化室蓋上平板密封器,以及將此組裝單位置於3 7 °C之 反應器反應4 5分鐘。反應之後,移除平板密封器,並吸 出所有殘留的懸浮細胞。拆開趨化室,同時以90度角握 住過濾器邊,從噴射瓶以溫和的磷酸鹽緩衝的生理食鹽水 水流淸洗未遷移的細胞,然後將濾膜用尖端有橡皮的刮板 擦拭。容許濾膜完全地乾以及完全浸入Wright Giemsa染 液3 0-4 5秒。將濾膜用蒸餾水洗滌7分鐘,用水簡短洗滌 一次及乾燥。用顯微鏡列舉遷移的細胞。 -39- (36) (36)200409630 哺乳動物的趨化激素受體可作爲干擾或促進哺乳動物 (例如人類)免疫細胞功能的目標。在治療的目的上,抑制 或促進趨化激素受體功能的化合物尤其是可用於調控免疫 細胞的功能。據此,本發明係關於用以預防及/或治療各 種發炎性的、感染性的、和免疫調節的病症及疾病之化合 物,該病症及疾病包括:氣喘與過敏性疾病、病理微生物 (其定義包括病毒)的感染、與自體免疫病狀,例如類風濕 性關節炎與粥樣硬化。 例如,一個化合物其可抑制哺乳動物的趨化激素受體 (例如人類趨化激素受體)之一種或多種功能,則可用以抑 制(即減低或預防)炎症或傳染病。其結果可抑制一種或多 種發炎性的過程,例如:白血球遷出、吸附、趨化性、外 泌作用(例如:酵素、組織胺)或發炎性的中介物釋放。例 如,依據本發明方法可抑制發炎性的位點(例如氣喘或過 敏性鼻炎)之嗜伊的浸潤。特定言之,下列實施例之化合 物在上述的測定中使用適當的趨化激素有阻斷表現CCR-3 受體細胞位移之活性。本文之”活性”意指在上述的測定中 Ϊ C 5 〇濃度爲1 〇微莫耳濃度或以下的化合物。該結果亦顯 示此化合物內在的趨化激素受體活性調節劑活性。 同樣地,一個可促進哺乳動物的趨化激素受體(例如 人類趨化激素)一種或多種(一個或多個)功能之化合物, 可用以刺激(誘發或提高)免疫的或發炎反應,例如:白血 球遷出、吸附、趨化性、外泌作用(例如:酵素、組織胺) 或發炎性的中介物釋放,造成這有利的刺激發炎性的過 -40- (37) (37)200409630 程。例如,可召集嗜伊白血球對抗寄生蟲的感染。此外, 在治療上述的發炎性的、變應性的以及自體免疫疾病時, 若傳送充分的化合物經由誘導趨化激素受體攝入或以導致 細胞錯誤位移的方式傳送化合物以導致細胞受體表現之喪 失’則該化合物亦可被考慮成能促進哺乳動物的趨化激素 受體之一種或多種功能的化合物。 除了靈長類(例如人類)之外,各種其它哺乳動物均可 依據本發明方法治療。可法治療之動物例如哺乳動物,包 括(但非限於):母牛、羊、山羊、馬、犬、貓、天竺鼠、 老鼠或其它的牛、綿羊、馬科動物、犬科動物、貓科動 物、齧齒動物或鼠科動物。然而本方法也能治療其它物 種,例如鳥類。以上方法治療之病患是須要調控趨化激素 受體活性之雄性或雌性的哺乳動物。本文之”調控”包含: 拮抗作用、促效作用、部分的拮抗作用及/或部分的促效 作用。人類或其它物種中可用趨化激素受體功能抑制劑治 療的疾病或症狀,包括(但非限於):發炎性的或過敏性疾 病及症狀,包括呼吸過敏性疾病,例如:氣喘、過敏性鼻 炎、過敏性肺臟疾病、過敏性肺炎、嗜伊的蜂嵩組織炎 (例如:Well’s症候群)、嗜伊的肺炎(例如·· Loefner,s症 候群、慢性的嗜伊的肺炎)、嗜酸性粒細胞性筋膜炎(例如, Shulman’s症候群)、延發型過敏症、間隙的肺臟疾病 (I L D )(例如:特發性肺纖維化、或合倂類風濕性關節炎的 ILD、全身性紅斑狼瘡、類風濕性脊椎炎、全身性硬化 症、Sjogren’s症候群、多肌炎或皮膚肌炎);全身性過敏 -41 - (38) (38)200409630 反應或過敏反應、藥品過敏(例如:青黴素、頭芽孢菌 素)、由於攝取受污染的色氨酸造成之嗜伊紅血球過多-肌 痛症候群、昆蟲叮咬過敏;自體免疫疾病,例如:類風濕 性關節炎、牛皮癬關節炎、多發性硬化症、全身性紅斑狼 瘡、重症肌無力、幼年型糖尿病;腎小球腎炎、自體免疫 甲狀腺炎、畢氏(Behcet’s)疾病;移植排斥(例如移植),包 括:同種異體移植排斥或植皮對-宿主之疾病、固態器官 移植;炎性腸病,例如:局部性迴腸炎以及潰瘍性結腸 炎;脊椎關節病;硬皮病;牛皮癖(包括T -細胞調節的牛 皮癬)以及發炎性皮膚病,例如:皮膚炎、皮膚發炎、局 部型皮膚炎、變應性的接觸性皮炎、奪麻疹;脈管炎(例 如:壞死性、皮膚性、以及過敏性脈管炎);嗜伊肌炎、 嗜酸性粒細胞性筋膜炎;具有皮膚或器官白血球浸潤之癌 症;息肉性間隙的腎炎;以及子宮內膜異位。可抑制擾人 的發炎反應之其它疾病或症狀,包括(但非限於):再灌流 損害、粥樣硬化、某些血液性的惡性腫瘤、細胞激動素-誘發的毒性(例如:敗血性休克、內毒素性休克)、多肌 炎、皮膚肌炎。趨化激素受體功能抑制劑可治療之人類或 其它物種之傳染性疾病或症狀,包括(但非限於):人類免 疫不全病毒包括HIV感染和HIV性神經病。 人類或其它物種中可用趨化激素受體功能啓動子治療 疾病或症狀,包括(但非限於):免疫抑制,例如具有免疫 不全症候群例如AIDS或其它病毒感染之病人、進行放射 療法、化學治療、自體免疫疾病治療或藥物治療之病人 -42 - (39) (39)200409630 (例如皮質類固醇治療),其可導致免疫抑制;由於天生的 缺乏受體功能或其它因子導致的免疫抑制;以及感染疾 病,例如寄生蟲病,包括(但非限於):蠕虫感染,例如線 蟲(蛔蟲);(鞭蟲病、住腸線蟲病、迴蟲病、鉤蟲病、類 圓線蟲病、旋毛蟲病、絲蟲病);吸蟲(吸蟲類)(血吸蟲 病、華支睾吸虫病)、絛蟲(絛蟲)(胞蟲病、牛帶絛蟲病、 皮膚豬囊蟲病);內臟的蛔蟲、內臟的幼蟲周期性偏頭痛 (例如弓首蟲)、嗜伊的胃腸炎(例如,Anisaki sp.、 Phocanema sp.)、皮膚的幼蟲周期性偏頭痛(Ancylostona brazil i en se、鉤蟲)。據此本發明之化合物是可用於預防以 及治療各種發炎性的、感染性的以及免疫調節的病症以及 疾病。此外,在治療上述發炎性、變應性以及自體免疫疾 病時’若經由誘導趨化激素受體攝入傳送充分的化合物或 以導致細胞錯誤位移的方式傳送化合物而造成細胞受體表 現之喪失’則該化合物亦可視爲具趨化激素受體功能之促 進劑。 ,在另一特色中,本發明可用於評估G蛋白質耦合受 體假定的專一性促效劑或拮抗劑。本發明係關於使用此類 化合物製備以及執行調控趨化激素受體活性化合物之篩選 檢定。此外,本發明是之化合物可用於建立或決定其它化 合物對趨化激素受體之結合部位,例如:在分析中經由競 爭性抑制或參考作用以比較已知活性的化合物與未知活性 的化合物。當發展新的測定或準則時,依據本發明化合物 可用以測驗其寮效。特別地,商品套件(例如爲了應用於 -43- (40) (40)200409630 包含上述的疾病的醫藥學硏究)中可提供此化合物。本發 明之化合物也可用於這評估趨化激素受體假定的專一性調 節劑。此外,可使用本發明之化合物檢查非趨化激素受體 之G蛋白質耦合受體的專一性,其可作爲不結合化合物 之實施例或作爲活化受體的變異構造化合物,其可幫助定 義交互作用之專一性位點。 預防以及治療發炎性的、感染性的以及免疫調節的病 症以及疾病,包括:氣喘與過敏性疾病、與自體免疫病 狀,例如:類風濕性關節炎與粥樣硬化、及以上的合倂之 治療可使用本發明之化合物以及其它已知該用途的化合物 之組合物。例如,在治療或預防炎症時,本化合物可與消 炎藥或止痛藥協同使用,例如:麻醉藥促效劑、脂肪加氧 酶抑制劑、環氧合酶-2抑制劑、介白素抑制劑,例如: 第一型白細胞介素抑制劑、α-腫瘤壞死因數抑制劑、 NMDA拮抗劑、一氧化氮抑制劑或合成一氧化抑之制劑 氮、非類固醇的消炎劑、磷酸雙酯酶抑制劑、或抑制細胞 激動素的消炎劑,例如:乙醯對胺基酚、阿司匹靈、可待 因、芬它因(f e n t a y η 1)、布洛芬、吲哚美辛、酮咯酸、嗎 啡、萘普生、乙酸氧乙苯胺、吡羅昔康、類固醇的止痛 藥、蘇芬太尼、尙林代(sunlindac)、干擾素^等化合物。 同樣地,本化合物可和止痛劑;促效劑例如:咖啡因、 H2-拮抗劑、二甲硅油、鋁或氫氧化鎂;解除充血劑例 如:苯福林、去甲麻黃、假麻黃素、羥甲唑啉、艾分弗 (ephinephrine)、萘甲卩坐啉、塞洛哗啉(xylometazoline)、 -44- (41) (41)200409630 環己丙甲胺、或左旋去氧-麻黃鹼;以及止咳劑例如:可 待因、二氫可待因酮、卡拉美芬、咳必淸、或右旋甲嗎 喃;利尿劑;以及鎭靜性或鎭靜性抗組織胺共同投用。同 樣地,本發明之化合物可結合其它用於治療/預防/抑制或 改善該疾病或症狀之藥品共同使用。該其它藥品可用一種 路徑與常用量、同時或依序地與本發明化合物投用。本發 明化合物同時和一種或多種其它藥物、本發明化合物以外 之其匕樂品樂學組成物使用時爲較佳。據此,本發明包含 此類藥物之藥學組成物也可含有一種或多種本發明化合物 以外之其它有效成分。可與本發明化合物合倂分別地投用 或以相同藥學組成物共同投用之其它有效成分的實施例, 包括(但非限於):(a)整聯蛋白拮抗劑例如··選擇蛋白、 ICAMs以及 VLA-4 ; (b)類固醇例如:倍氯美松、甲基脫 氫皮(甾)醇、倍他米松、潑尼松、地塞米松、及氫皮質 酮;(c)免疫抑制劑例如:環孢子菌素、他克莫司、納巴 黴素以及其它 FK- 5 06型免疫抑制劑;(d)抗組織胺(H1-組織胺拮抗劑)例如:溴非尼拉敏、氯苯那敏、右氯苯那 敏、曲普利啶、氯馬斯汀、苯海拉明、苯拉林、曲吡那 敏、羥嗪、甲地嗪、異丙嗪、阿利馬嗪、阿扎他定、賽庚 啶、安他唑林、非尼拉敏、美吡拉敏、阿司咪唑、特非那 定、氯雷他定、西替利嗪、非素那定、去碳乙氧基氯雷他 定、及其類似者;(e)非類固醇的抗氣喘劑例如:b2-促效 劑(特布他林、奧西那林、非諾特羅、異他林、沙丁胺 醛、比托特羅、以及吡布特羅)、茶鹼、色甘酸鈉、阿托 -45- (42) (42)200409630 品、異丙托溴銨、白三烯素拮抗劑(扎魯司特、孟魯司 特、哌魯卡特、伊拉司特、波比克斯(?〇6丨11^3“)、31^-1 0 2 5 2 〇 3、白三烯素生合成抑制劑(齊留通,海灣-1 〇 〇 5 ); (0非類固醇的抗發炎劑(NSAIDs)例如:丙酸衍生物(阿明 洛芬、本賽波分(benxaprofen)、布氯酸、卡洛芬、芬布 芬、非諾洛芬、氟洛芬、氟比洛芬、布洛芬、吲哚洛芬、 酮苯丙酸、麥波分(miroprofen)、萘普生、奧沙普秦、口比 洛芬、普拉洛芬、舒洛芬、噻洛芬酸、及硫噁洛芬)、醋 酸衍生物(吲哚美辛、阿西美卒、阿氯芬酸、環氯茚酸、 雙氯芬酸、芬氯酸、芬克洛酸、芬替酸、唆羅芬酸、異丁 芬酸、伊索克酸、歐本耐(oxp in ac)、舒林酸、硫平酸、托 美丁、齊多美辛、及佐美酸)、芬那酸衍生物(氟芬那酸、 甲氯芬那酸、甲芬那酸、尼氟滅酸以及托芬那酸)、聯苯 羧酸衍生物(二氟尼柳以及氟苯柳)、昔康(伊素昔康、毗 羅昔康、蘇多西康(sudoxicam)以及替諾昔康)、水楊酸鹽 (乙醯基水楊酸、水楊酸偶氮磺胺吡啶)以及吡唑啉酮(阿 扎丙宗、本派瑞隆(bezpiperylon)、非普拉宗、莫非布 宗、羥布宗、保泰松);(g)環氧合酶-2(COX-2)抑制劑;(h) 第IV型磷酸雙酯酶(PDE-IV)抑制劑;(I)趨化激素受體其 它的拮抗劑;(j)降膽固醇藥劑例如:羥一甲基戊二酸單醯 C Ο A還原酶抑制劑(洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀以及普伐他汀、 蕭伐他汀、亞托沙丁(at orv sat at in)、及其它斯達廷 (s t a t i n s )、隔離劑(膽酷妝以及降膽寧)、薛驗酸、非諾貝 特酸衍生物(吉非貝齊、氯貝丁酯、非諾貝特以及苯紮貝 -46- (43) (43)200409630 特)、以及丙丁酚;(k)抗-糖尿病的藥劑例如胰島素、磺醯 基尿素、雙胍(甲福明)、a-葡萄糖苷酶抑制劑(阿卡波糖) 以及革他容(g 1 i t a ζ ο n e s )(曲格列酮及匹格列酮);(1 )干擾 素製劑(干擾素 a-2a、干擾素- 2B、干擾素 α-Ν3、干擾 素 beta-la、干擾素beta-lb、千擾素 7,-lb); (m)抗病毒 化合物,例如:希寧、奈韋拉平、茚地那韋、更昔洛韋、 拉米夫定、法昔洛韋、以及扎西他賓;(〇)其它化合物例 如·· 5 -胺基水楊酸及其前驅藥物、抗代謝物例如··硫唑嘌 啥以及6-锍嘌呤、.以及細胞毒的癌症化療劑。本發明化 合物與第二有效成份之重量比例可變化,並取決於各成分 之有效劑量。一般而言,各使用其有效劑量。因此,例如 當本發明,化合物合倂NS AID時,本發明化合物與NSAID 之重量比例一般而言介於約1 0 0 0 : 1至約1 : 1 〇 〇 〇,較 佳者約200 : 1至約1 ·_ 200。本發明化合物結合其它有效 成分一般而言也在上述的範圍之內,但是在各案例中每應 能利用各有效成份之有效劑量。 相較於習知的CCR-3抑制劑,須要找到改良藥理特 性的新化合物。例如須找到改良C C R - 3抑制性活性以及 相對於其它G蛋白質-耦合的受體(即5HT2A受體)具有 CCRd選擇性的新化合物。也須要找到有利且較佳的—種 或多種下列範疇特性之化合物:(a)醫藥學的性質(即溶解 度、滲透性、對持續釋出調配物之順服性);(b)劑量需求 (例如較低的劑量及/或每日一次的劑量);(c)減少血液中 高峰至峰底濃度特性(即淸除及/或分佈體積)之因子;(d) -47- (44) (44)200409630 增加受體生物活性藥物濃度(即蛋白質結合,分佈體積)之 因子;(e)減少臨床上藥品-藥品交互作用風險(細胞色素 P4 5 0酶之抑制或引發,例如抑制 CYP 2]〇6 ’參見 GK Diesser,J D Spence, DG Bailey Clin. P h a r m a c o k i n e t. 2000, 3 8,4 1-57,全文在此并入參考文獻)之因子;(f)減少潛在 的副作用(即藥理的選擇性超過G蛋白質-耦合的受體、可 能的化學或代謝反應性、限制CNS穿透)之因子(g)改良製 造成本或可行性之因子(即難以合成、不對稱中心之數 目、化學穩定性、易於操作)。 化合物是以有效之治療量投用至哺乳動物。’’有效治 療量’’意指式I化合物的量,當單獨投用或結合其它治療 劑對哺乳動物投用時,可有效預防或改善發炎性疾病症狀 或疾病之進展。 劑量以及調配物 本發明之化合物之口服劑型爲:藥片、膠囊(各包括 持續釋出或定時釋放的調配物)、藥九、粉末、顆粒、酏 劑、目了劑、懸浮液、糖漿、及乳狀液。彼亦可用靜脈內的 (食團或輸液)、腹腔內的、皮下的、或肌肉內的形式投 用,所有劑型均爲一般熟悉醫藥學技藝的專家所熟知。可 單獨投用,但是一般而言將和基於投藥路線和標準醫藥工 作守則選用的醫藥載體一起投用。 本發明化合物之給藥療程可依習知的因素而異’例如 特定藥物的藥物動力特性以及投用之形式以及路線;物 -48- (45) 200409630 種、年齡、性別、健康、醫學的症狀、及接受者之重量; 症狀之本質以及程度;一倂治療的種類;治療頻率;投用 路線、病人的腎以及肝臟功能、和所要求的效應。醫師或 獸醫可測定以及開立有效量之藥品以預防、對抗、阻止血 栓性栓塞病症之進展。
一般而言,各有效成份的每日口服劑量(當用於指定 的效應)介於約0.001至1 000毫克/公斤體重之間,較佳者 介於約〇·〇1至100毫克/公斤體重/天之間,以及最佳者介 於約丨.〇至2 0毫克/公斤/天之間。當固定速度輸注時,靜 脈內的最佳劑量介於約1至約1 〇毫克/公斤/分鐘之間。 本發明化合物可以單日劑量投用,或將每日總劑量分成每 曰二、三,、或四個分劑量投用。 本發明之化合物可以經由塗覆用之適當的鼻腔內載劑 以鼻腔內形式投用,或使用經皮的皮膚貼片經由經皮路徑 投用。當以經皮的傳送系統形式投用時,投用劑量是連續 而不是給藥療程的間歇劑量。 化合物一般是與適當選用的醫藥學稀釋劑、賦形劑、 或載體(在此總稱爲醫藥上的載體)的混合物型式投用,即 口服藥片、膠囊、酏劑、糖漿及其類似者,以及與習見醫 藥學工作守則一致。 例如’口服形式爲片劑或膠囊時,生物活性藥物成分 可與口服的、無毒的、醫藥學上可接受的、惰性載體,例 如:乳糖、澱粉、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甲基纖維素、硬脂酸 鎂、磷酸二鈣、硫酸鈣、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇及其類似者 -49- (46) (46)200409630 合倂,口服的形式爲液體形式時’口服藥品成份可與任何 口服的、無毒性的、醫藥學上可接受的惰性載體’例如: 乙醇、甘油、水、等合倂。此外’視須要或必要,混合物 中可倂入適當的結合劑、潤滑劑' 崩解劑、及著色劑。適 當的結合劑包含:澱粉、明膠、天然的糖類例如:葡萄糖 或β乳糖、玉蜀黍甜劑、天然的以及合成的樹脂,例如: 阿拉伯膠、特拉加康斯膠樹、或褐藻酸鈉、羧甲基纖維 素、聚乙二醇、蠟等。用於此類劑型之潤滑劑包含油酸 鈉、硬脂酸鈉、硬脂酸鎂、苯(甲)酸鈉、乙酸鈉、氯化鈉 等。 崩解劑包括(而不限於)澱粉、甲基纖維素、瓊膠、皂 土、黃原膠等。 本發明之化合物也能以脂質體傳送系統的形式投用, 例如:小的單層小泡、大的單層小泡、及多層的小泡。從 各種磷脂,例如:膽固醇、十八烷基胺、或磷脂醯膽鹼可 形成脂球體。 本發明之化合物亦可與溶解型聚合物(如可標定目標 白、J樂DD載體)鍋合。追樣的聚合物包含聚乙烯基卩比略院 酮、暖喃共聚物、聚羥基丙基甲丙烯醯胺-酚、聚羥基乙 基天門冬胺醯胺酚、或經棕櫚醯基殘基取代的聚乙烯氧化 物_聚賴氨酸。此外,本發明之化合物可_合至控釋藥品 釋放之生物降解性高分子,例如:聚乳酸、聚乙醇酸、聚 乳1以及聚乙醇酸共聚物、聚ε己內酯、聚羥基丁酸、聚 正酯類、聚乙縮醛、聚二氫哌喃、聚氰基醯化物、及水凝 -50- (47) 200409630 膠交聯的或兩性的嵌段共聚物。 適於投用之劑型(藥學組成物)其每劑量單位可含有約 1毫克至約1 〇 〇毫克之有效成份。通常此類藥學組成物中 有效成份之存在量約0 ·5 -9 5 %之重量,以組成之總重爲 計。
明膠膠囊可含有有效成份和粉末狀的載體,例如.:乳 糖、澱粉、纖維素衍生物、硬脂酸鎂、硬脂酸等。相似的 稀釋劑可用於壓縮碇片。藥片以及膠囊可製作成持續釋出 產物以提供數小時之長期連續釋放出藥物。壓縮片可塗上 糖衣或薄層塗層以覆蓋任何不佳的味道並保護曝露在大氣 中之片劑,或腸內塗層以便在選擇的胃腸道中崩解。 口服投用的液體劑量形式可含有著色劑及矯味劑以增 加病人的接受性。 一般而言,水、適當的油、生理食鹽水、水溶性葡萄 糖、及相關的糖溶液以及乙二醇類,例如丙二醇或聚乙二 醇是注射液的適當載體。不經腸道的方法給藥之溶液中較 佳者含有有效成份的水溶性鹽類、適當的安定劑、及(如 果必要的話)緩衝劑物質。抗氧化劑例如:單獨或合倂之 亞硫酸氫鈉、硫酸氫鈉、或抗壞血酸,是適當的安定劑。 亦可使用檸檬酸以及其鹽類以及乙二氨四醋酸鈉。此外, 注射液可含有防腐劑,例如:氯化苄烷銨、甲基-或丙基-對氧苯甲酸、及氯丁醇。 適當的醫藥載體描述於 Remiliqton’s Pharmaceutical Sciences,Mack Publishing Company,是本行業標準的參 -51 - (48) (48)200409630 考文獻。 投用本發明化合物之代表性的醫藥學適用劑量-形式 將說明如下: 膠囊 大單位膠囊之製備係裝塡二個標準堅硬明膠膠囊物 件,各含1 〇 0毫克粉末狀的有效成份、i 5 0毫克乳糖、5 〇 毫克纖維素、及6毫克硬脂酸鎂。 柔軟的明膠膠囊 可製備有效成份與可消化的油,例如:大豆油、棉籽 油或橄欖油之混合物以及可使用正性置換_筒注,射到明膠 內以形成內含1 00毫克有效成份的柔軟明膠膠囊。膠囊應 淸洗以及乾燥。 藥片 可用習見的方法製備藥片,劑量單位爲1 00毫克有效 成份、0.2毫克膠體的二氧化矽、5毫克硬脂酸鎂、2 7 5毫 克微晶粒纖維素、1 1毫克澱粉質和98.8毫克乳糖。可施 用適當塗料以增加適口性或延遲吸收。 注射 適用於注射投用之不經腸道的組成其製備係在1 〇%體 積比之丙二醇以及水中攪拌1 . 5 %以重量計之有效成份。 (49) 200409630 製造的溶液應有等張的氯化鈉及滅菌。 懸浮液 口服懸浮水溶液之製備係使每5毫升含有1 〇 〇毫克細 分的有效成份、2 0 0毫克羧甲基纖維素鈉、5毫克苯(甲) 酸鈉、1 . 〇克之山梨糖醇溶液(U . S · P .)、及〇 · 〇 2 5毫升香草 醒。
當本發朋之化合物和其它抗凝血劑合倂時,例如每日 劑量可爲約0 · 1至1 0 0毫克式I之化合物以及約1至7.5 毫克之第二抗凝血劑/公斤病人體重。在片劑劑型中,本 發明之化合物一般而言其存在量約5至1 〇毫克/劑量單 位,以及第二抗凝血劑之劑量約1至5毫克/劑量單位。
當兩種或多種前述的第二治療劑和式I化合物投用 時,考慮到治療劑結合投用時之相加或加乘效果,一般而 言,典型的每日劑量以及典型的劑型中每成分之用量可低 於一般單獨投用的劑量。 尤其是當提供單一劑量單位時,合倂的有效成分化學 品之間可能會交互作用。因此,當單一劑量單位中合倂式 I化合物及第二治療劑時,雖然調製時是將有效成分合倂 在單一劑量單位之內,但有效成分之間物理的接觸是要減 至最低或(即降低)。例如,將一種有效成份塗覆上腸內的 塗層。·一種有效成分塗敷上腸內的塗層時,不僅可使合倂 的有效成分間之接觸減至最低,且亦可將一種此類成份控 制在胃腸道中釋出,例如不是在胃部釋出而是在腸中釋 -53- (50) (50)200409630 出。有效成分之一亦可塗覆在遍及胃腸道有長效-釋放效 應之材料以及也可使合倂的有效成分間之物理接觸減至最 低。此外,長效-釋出成分可額外地進行腸內的塗層,使 成分只有在小腸中釋放出。涉及調配組合產物之另一方法 是將一個成分塗上長效及/或腸內的釋放聚合物,以及另 一成分塗上聚合物例如低黏度的羥基丙基甲基纖維素 (HPMC)或其它技藝上已知的適當的材料,以進一步的分 開活性成份。塗敷聚合物可對另一成分形成交互作用額外 的障礙。 此種將本發明組合成份產物間之接觸減至最低及其它 的方法’不論是以單一劑量形式投用或是以分劑形式但是 同時以相同方式投用,經本發明揭示後應爲熟悉此技藝的 專業人士皆知。 對熟悉此技藝的專業人士而言經上述教示後對本發明 作出I午多的修飾以及變異是可能的。因此,彼應屬於以下 申請專利範圍之內’本發明可爲實際可行之方法而非特定 方法。 -54-
Claims (1)
- (1) 200409630 拾、申請專利範圍 1· 一種式(I)化合物:N-N V (I) 或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽類形式,其中 R1係選自甲基;以及 R2係選自Η、甲基、及乙基。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其中R2爲Η。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其中R2爲甲 基。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物,其中 R2爲乙 基。 5 .如申請專利範圍第1項之化合物或醫藥學上可接受 的鹽類,其中化合物係選自: Ν-[3 -乙基-5-(1-甲基-1Η-四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基]-N’{(lR,2S)-3_[(3S)-3-(4-氟苄基 六氫吡 啶基]-2-羥基一 1 -甲基丙基}尿素; N-{(lR,2S)-3-[(3S)-3-(4-氟苄基)-卜六氫吡啶基]-2-羥 基-卜甲基丙基卜Ν’-[3-(卜甲基四氮雜茂-5-基)苯基]尿 素;和 N-{(lR,2S)-3-[(3S)-3-(4-氟苄基)-1-六氫吡啶基]-2-羥 (2) (2)200409630 基-1-甲基丙基卜Ν’-[3-甲基- 5-(1-甲基-1H-四氮雜茂-5-基) 苯基]尿素。 6. 一種藥學組成物,其係包含醫藥學上可接受的載 體以及有效治療量之如申請專利範圍第1 - 5項中任一項之 化合物或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽類。 7 . —種用於調控趨化激素受體活性之藥學組成物, 其係包含有效治療量之如申請專利範圍第1-5項中任一項 之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽類以及醫藥學上可接受 的載體。 8 . —種用於治療氣喘之藥學組成物,其係包含有效治 療量之如申請專利範圍第1 - 5項中任一項之化合物或其醫 藥學上可接受的鹽類,以及醫藥學上可接受的載體。 9. 一種用於治療發炎性病症之藥學組成物,其係包 含有效治療量之如申請專利範圍第1- 5項中任一項之化合 物或其醫藥學上可接受的鹽類,以及醫藥學上可接受的載 體。 1 0 .如申請專利範圍第9項之藥學組成物,其中之病 症係選自:氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、局部型皮膚炎、炎性腸 病、特發性肺纖維化、大皰性天皰瘡、蠕虫性寄生蟲的感 染、變應性的結腸炎、皮膚發炎、結膜炎、移植、家族性 嗜伊紅血球過多、嗜伊的蜂窩組織炎、嗜伊紅白血球性肺 炎、嗜酸性粒細胞性筋膜炎、嗜酸細胞性胃腸炎、藥品誘 發的嗜伊紅血球過多、人類免疫不全病毒感染、囊性纖維 化、C hur g - S 11· au s s症候群、淋巴瘤、何傑金病、及結腸 -56- (3) (3)200409630 癌。 1 1 .如申請專利範圍第1 0項之藥學組成物,其中病症 係選自:氣喘、過敏性鼻炎、局部皮膚炎、以及炎性腸 病。 1 2 .如申請專利範圍第1 1項之藥學組成物,其中病症 是氣喘。-57- 200409630 柒、(一)、本案指定代表圖爲:第_匱 (二)、本代表圖之元件代表符號簡單說明: 無捌、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的 化學式:
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| US41019802P | 2002-09-12 | 2002-09-12 |
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| PL (1) | PL375901A1 (zh) |
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| WO (1) | WO2004024682A2 (zh) |
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| ATE538132T1 (de) * | 2003-11-13 | 2012-01-15 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | Chimäre chemokinrezeptorpolypeptide |
| WO2007069684A1 (ja) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Nihon Nohyaku Co., Ltd. | フタルアミド誘導体及び農園芸用殺虫剤並びにその使用方法 |
| JP2009123146A (ja) * | 2007-11-19 | 2009-06-04 | Panasonic Corp | 再構成可能な回路装置及び受信装置 |
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| GB9120628D0 (en) | 1991-09-27 | 1991-11-06 | Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co | Pyrrolobenzoxazine derivatives and process for preparation thereof |
| WO1994022846A1 (en) | 1993-03-30 | 1994-10-13 | Pfizer Inc. | Compounds enhancing antitumor activity of other cytotoxic agents |
| JPH10506091A (ja) | 1993-11-09 | 1998-06-16 | メルク エンド カンパニー インコーポレーテッド | 成長ホルモン放出促進性のピペリジン、ピロリジンおよびヘキサヒドロ−1h−アゼピン類 |
| US5668151A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1997-09-16 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Dihydropyridine NPY antagonists: piperidine derivatives |
| AU712504B2 (en) | 1996-01-30 | 1999-11-11 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase |
| WO1998025604A1 (en) | 1996-12-13 | 1998-06-18 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Spiro-substituted azacycles as modulators of chemokine receptor activity |
| CN1084592C (zh) | 1997-07-14 | 2002-05-15 | 株式会社间组 | 氧化硫硫杆菌生长抑制剂、水泥组合物及水泥结构体 |
| EP1003514A4 (en) | 1997-07-25 | 2000-10-11 | Merck & Co Inc | CYCLIC AMINE MODULATORS OF CHEMOKIN RECEPTORS |
| US6339087B1 (en) | 1997-08-18 | 2002-01-15 | Syntex (U.S.A.) Llc | Cyclic amine derivatives-CCR-3 receptor antagonists |
| DE69926919D1 (de) | 1998-12-18 | 2005-09-29 | Bristol Myers Squibb Pharma Co | N-ureidoalkylpiperidine als modulatoren der aktivität der chemokinrezeptoren |
| US6331541B1 (en) | 1998-12-18 | 2001-12-18 | Soo S. Ko | N-ureidoalkyl-piperidines as modulators of chemokine receptor activity |
| US6323334B1 (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 2001-11-27 | Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Nucleic acid molecules encoding a 103 gene product and uses therefor |
| AU2001268607A1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-02 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Piperidine amides as modulators of chemokine receptor activity |
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- 2003-09-11 JP JP2004536483A patent/JP2006503041A/ja active Pending
- 2003-09-11 AU AU2003267120A patent/AU2003267120A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| US20060069128A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
| JP2006503041A (ja) | 2006-01-26 |
| AR043306A1 (es) | 2005-07-27 |
| EP1545524A2 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
| WO2004024682A3 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
| US20040082616A1 (en) | 2004-04-29 |
| AU2003267120A1 (en) | 2004-04-30 |
| WO2004024682A2 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
| AU2003267120A8 (en) | 2004-04-30 |
| US6992091B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 |
| PE20050051A1 (es) | 2005-02-10 |
| NO20051013L (no) | 2005-06-07 |
| IS7739A (is) | 2005-03-11 |
| PL375901A1 (en) | 2005-12-12 |
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