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TW200303984A - High performance fluorescent optical sensor - Google Patents

High performance fluorescent optical sensor Download PDF

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TW200303984A
TW200303984A TW091135686A TW91135686A TW200303984A TW 200303984 A TW200303984 A TW 200303984A TW 091135686 A TW091135686 A TW 091135686A TW 91135686 A TW91135686 A TW 91135686A TW 200303984 A TW200303984 A TW 200303984A
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light
light source
optical sensor
sensor device
waveguide
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TW091135686A
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TWI293363B (en
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Arthur E Colvin Jr
Steven J Walters
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Sensors For Med & Science Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6428Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/7703Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator using reagent-clad optical fibres or optical waveguides
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2201/00Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
    • G01N2201/06Illumination; Optics
    • G01N2201/064Stray light conditioning
    • G01N2201/0642Light traps; baffles

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)

Description

200303984 Ο) 玫^、發明說明 (發明說明應敘明:發明所屬之技術領域、先前技術、内容、實施方式及圖式簡單說明) 發明說明 技術領1 本發明一般係關於感測器裝置,其用於從一包含待分析 物的指示劑偵測電磁發射,其中發射之特徵隨分析物濃度 而變化。特定言之,本發明係關於此類感測器裝置之設計 和性能的改善。 先前拮输f 美國專利案號5,517,313中揭露了 一種螢光感測裝置,其 包括一含有螢光指示劑分子之矩陣的分層陣列(下文中朝 「螢光矩陣」)、一高通濾波器(high_pass fiUer)和一光積 測器(photodetector),其内容以提及方式併入本文。在此 裝置中,光源最好為一發光二極體(「LED」),其至少部 分位於指示劑材料中,使光源之入射光能導致指示劑分子 發螢光。高通濾波器讓發射光到達光偵測器,同 出散射的入射光。一分析物可以滲透該螢光矩陣,根 分!物數量比例來改變指示劑物質的螢光特性然 < 1測态偵測並測量螢光發射,於是即可測
環境中存在的分析物之數量或濃度。 U 上述5,517,313專利案t揭露之該類m ::’係將該裝置經皮下或經靜脈或其它方式二Γ 使得可隨時對分析物進行即時測量。例如,人體’ 醉狀態下病人血液中的氧 -、於測量麻 糖濃度。 的“度,或糖尿病人血液中的葡萄 200303984 ⑼ 發明說明續頁 自5,5 17,3 13專利案說明之裝置發明以來,本發明者已研 製出許多改進設計,其明顯增強了 5,517,313專利案說明之 該類光學感測器裝置的性能、可靠度和使用壽命。 特定言之,尤其因為在活體内(in_viv〇)或在現地(in_situ) 的應用中,對該類感測器裝置之尺寸和重量的限制,所以 為了獲得更可靠準確的測量信號,盡可能提高指示劑矩陣 的效率就很重要,同時還要盡可能降低功率損耗和產熱量 。此外,感測器裝置設計應可以進行具有成本效益的大量 生產,且銷售價格要合理。另外,也期望盡可能延長裝置 的使用哥命’特別是在該裝置必須植入人體用於生物分析 物(bioanalyte)之現地偵測的應用中。 發明內容 依據本發明的一項觀點,其提供了 一種用於確定一分析 物之存在或濃度的光學感測器裝置,其包括一基板、基板 上構成的一遮光板層,且基板包含至少兩腔室,一光源安 裝於基板表面上並在其中一腔室中,用於首先發射依據激 勵(energization)而預選波長之光,一光偵測器安裝於基板 表面上與光源相鄰並在另一腔室中,且由遮光板與光源隔 離’用於彳貞測其上的入射光,並產生一響應的電氣信號, 一波導管形成於光源及光偵測器之上,其中含有光源之腔 室係用透明的環氧材料填充,且該材料與波導管的折射率 相同’使得光源可視為「位於波導管中」,波導管的平均 厚度對應於該遮光板所決定的光源之遠場發射點,及一可 透過分析物之指示劑矩陣置於波導管之外表面,該螢光矩 (i) 200303984 發明說明績頁 陣3有螢光指示劑分子,其螢光性因該螢光矩陣中存在之 “斤物而削弱或增強’選擇預選的榮光指示劑分子,使光 =之波長激發指示劑分子之榮光性,纟中㈣測器響 應该螢光指示劑分子發射於光偵測器上之入射螢光而產生 一電氣信號。 圖1A和1B顯示依據本發明之光學感測器裝置的一項且 體實施例。該裝置包括一光源,如㈣1〇1,和安裝於二 基板Γ上之—光偵測11,如發光m該光源和光 Y貞測裔係由一波導營1 〇 ς ^ . _ 反等e 103封裴,其外表面具有含分析物指 π梦]刀子的螢光指不劑矩陣1 〇5。該矩陣i〇5可以各種方 式置於波導管103之外表面1,如沈積、塗佈、黏著等。 光源⑻和光偵測器102由一内部擋板104讀此分隔,其為 基板100之擋板層部分104的一部分。 擋板層丨04可形成於基板100之底層11〇上,以定義多個 腔室,光源和光偵測器之位置係安裝於基板上。在該腔室 上形成波導管層1G3之前,用—透明的環氧材料⑽填充光 源腔室,該材料最好與波導管1〇3的折射率相同。填充材 料106可以(但並非必須)與波導管1〇3的材料相同。、 光偵測器腔室係用摻雜紅色的環氧材料1〇7填充,其用 作一濾波器以阻止光源101的直射光或反射光照射光偵測 器 102 〇 如圖2A和2B所示,依據本發明之光學感測器裝置的配 置,實質上係實現光源101僅對波導管1〇3的整個外表面直 200303984 (2) 發明說明績頁 接照明,該波導管之外表面具有螢光指示劑矩陣1〇5,並 且只能直接收集光偵測器102表面上指示劑矩陣1 〇5的響應 發射。内部擋板104阻止光源1 〇 1對光偵測器1 〇2的散射照 明。圖6顯示LED光源的光發射幾何輪廓。 ' 採用先前的感測器構造所產生的一個問題為,用作光源 · 的標準LED之發射光並非單一波長,而係包括明顯數量的 長波長光發射,其可降低所獲得的測量信號之品質。例如 ’ 一標準的藍色LED發射460 nm波長的光,但因各種因素 籲 ’包括製造過程中的因素,有明顯數量(如約總發射量的 〇·1°/〇或更多)的光發射散佈進入了光譜的紅色區域(如6〇〇 nm 以上)。摻雜紅色的環氧材料1〇7係用作一濾波器,以阻礙 監色波長光入射至光偵測器1 〇3上,但不能濾出LED光源 的所謂「紅尾(red-tail)」發射。 在使用菲繞琳聯苯釕(ruthenium biphenyl phenanthroline) 作為指示劑矩陣的氧感測器裝置的情形中,該等指示劑的 峰值發射為613 nm。因而,LED的「紅尾」發射會影響指示 _ 劑的#號。該「紅尾」發射引起信號基線上升,因而抑制 了對指示劑之螢光發射有價值的可讀處理。如圖3 A所示。 如圖所示,(理想的)藍色波長光發射3〇1伴有外來多餘 ^ 的紅色波長光發射302,先前的波導管構造可將紅色波長.: 光反射至光彳貞測器1 〇 2的彳貞測表面。依據本發明之直接照 月構造’ LED光源的大多數多餘的紅色波長發射302並未 在波導管表面反射回光偵測器,而是直接通過了波導管, 使得大體上只有藍色波長的螢光發射303響應藍色波長光 (3) 200303984 發明說明績頁 波3〇1的激發,照射到光偵測器1〇2的光偵測表面上。依據 貝驗/則i ’基線雜訊比先前構造的幾何形狀產生之基線雜 的專、、及下降了 40倍以上(如從23 mV降至〇_5 mV以下)。 依據本發明,光學感測器裝置的最簡單、最有效配置係 波導管具有一平坦表面,如圖丄八至⑶和2A至2B所示。其 亦了為一考曲表面,如圖4所示。此外,也可能具有其它 的表面幾何形態,如鋸齒形、人字形(gable)或相反的表面
形狀’以增加表面面積,從而增加用於分析物交互作用的 指示劑數量。 由先前設計,可想到波導管的彎曲拱形有助於使信號光 聚焦於光偵測器上。事實卻與之相反,依據本發明之設計 ’内部反射或聚焦並非主要現象。如圖4所示,拱形之焦點 402與偵測器1〇2無關,且事實上完全在感測器裝置之外。 貫驗觀察和測量已證實,與内部反射光相反,產生的絕 大多數指示劑光只響應光源的直接照明。 圖5A至5D顯示反射並非信號強度的主要影響因素的情 形下,多個不同波導管厚度的最佳方案。如圖所示,製造 了各種厚度的波導管,此處厚度與一距離成比例關係,即 從LED光源至LED光源之遠場發射點X與波導管表面之交 點之間的距離。對於每一厚度,均以固定的LED電流和放 大器增益測量信號強度。如圖所示,波導管厚度為X/3, 產生約5 mV的信號,厚度為2X/3,產生約20 mV的信號, 厚度為X,產生約50 mV的信號,及厚度為4X/3,產生約 40 mV的信號。從這些結果中可看出,當波導管厚度等於 -10- 200303984 (4) 發明說明績頁 X時’可獲得峰值信號強度,換言之,此處led光源之遠 場發射點與波導管角落重合。 為了獲得增大的表面面積,此處波導管之表面並未製成 -· 平坦’厚度X等於從波導管之下表面測量的表面圖案的平 乂 均南度。 *, 依據本發明之光學感測器裝置也可配置成雙偵測器或多 债測器,光偵測器安裝於LED的兩側,不同的指示劑矩陣 置於各別光债測器之上,使得led的同一激發波長可激發鲁 每一指示劑矩陣的不同螢光波長。或者,可使用多個led ’其中每一 LED發射不同的激發波長,引起不同的螢光波 長響應。 本fx月即及明如上,對熟悉技術人士而言,顯然可對同 樣的方式進行各種變化,而不會背離本發明之精神與範圍 例如’儘管為便於顯示,已參考螢光感測器裝置對本發 明進行了說明,但本發明之原理可應用於採用除螢光之外 的其它偵測現象的光學感測器裝置。所有這類修改均包含 在下列申請專利範圍内。 · 獨式簡婁說明 結合附圖並參考以上對較佳具體實施例的詳細說明,可 更王面地理解本發明,附圖僅為了便於說明,因而不應視 為對本發明之限制,其中: .- 圖1A為依據本發明一項具體實施例之一光學感測器裝置 的俯視圖; 圖1B為圖ία中光學感測器裝置的側視圖; -11 - (5) 200303984 圖2A為圖1A至1B之光學感測器裝置的側系 發和指示劑的響應可見區; 圖2B為圖2A的·一端視圖; 圖3 A和3B為側視圖,分別顯示光學减測器 光雜訊的問題和本發明的解決方案; 圖4為一侧視圖,顯示對於依據本發明之一 實施例的光學感測器使用一彎曲波導管表面; 圖5 A至5 D為側視圖,顯示對於依據本發明 置,波導管厚度之最佳化方案,以及 圖6之圖表顯示適於與依據本發明之光學感 起使用之L E D光源的光發射量變曲線。 圖式代表符號說明 100 基板 101 發光二極體 101 光源 102 發光二極體 102 光偵測器 103 波導管 104 播板層部分 104a 内部擋板 105 螢光指示劑矩陣 106 透明環氧材料 107摻雜紅色的環氧材料 110 底層 發明說明縝頁 L圖,顯示激 之光源發射 替代性具體 之感測器裝 測器裝置一 -12- 200303984 301 302 303 402 (6) I發明說明續頁 藍色波長光發射 紅色波長發射 紅色波長螢光發射 焦點 -13-

Claims (1)

  1. 200303984 拾、申請專利範圍 1 · 一種光學感測器裝置,用於確定一分析物之存在或濃度 ,其包括: 一基板; 一光源’用於首先發射依據激勵一預先選擇波長之光 ’其係安裝於該基板之一表面上; 一光债測器’用於偵測其上的入射光並產生一響應的 電氣信號,其係安裝於該基板表面與該光源相鄰,且在 此由一遮光板與該光源隔離; 波導^在5亥光源和該光彳貞測器之上,該波導管之平 均厚度對應於該遮光板所決定的該光源之遠場發射點, 以及 可透過分析物之指示劑矩陣置於該波導管之外側表 面,該指示劑矩陣包含發光指示劑分子,其光發射因該 矩陣中存在分析物而削弱或增強,選擇該指示劑分子, 使該光源發射之該波長激發該指示劑分子中之光發射, 其中 該光偵測器產生一電氣信號,以響應該指示劑分子發射 於其上之入射光。 2·如申請專利範圍第丨項之光學感測器裝置,其中該波導 官之該外侧表面係大體平坦,且該波導管之該厚度係對 應於该光源之該遠場發射點。 3·如申清專利㈣第i項之光學感測器裝置,纟中該波導 管之該外側表面係為一曲線拱形之配置。 200303984 申請專利範圍縝頁 4·如申请專利範圍第3項之光學感測器裝置,其中該曲線 拱形之一焦點係在該感測器裝置之外。 5.如申請專利範圍第1項之光學感測器裝置,其中使該光 源發射之多餘的其它波長光,無需在此處反射而係穿透: 出該波導管以外。 · 6·如申請專利範圍第丨項之光學感測器裝置,其中該感測 · 裝置係用於偵測至少兩個不同的分析物。 7·如申請專利範圍第1項之光學感測器裝置,其中可透過 _ 分析物之該指示劑矩陣實質上只能由該光源之直接照明 而照明。 8·如申請專利範圍第1項之光學感測器裝置,其中該光偵 測器實質上只收集該指示劑矩陣之直接螢光照明。 9·如申請專利範圍第1項之光學感測器裝置,其中該光源 係為一 LED。 1G·如申請專利範圍第1項之光學感測器裝置,其中該光偵 測器係為一發光二極體。 _ u_如申請專利範圍第i項之光學感測器裝置,其中該發光-指示劑分子係為螢光分子。 12·如申請專利範圍第1項之光學感測器裝置,其中該擋板 “ 定義至少兩個腔室,當該光源和該光偵測器安裝於該基 : 板上時係位於腔室中,且該波導管係形成於該腔室上。 13·%申請專利範圍第12項之光學感測器裝置,進一步包括 —透明填充材料,其係在該光源所在之腔室中且在該光 源之上,其中該透明填充材料之折射率實質上等於該波: 200303984 申諝專利範圍績頁 導管之—把& & 中。 率,使得该光源實際上安裝於該波導管之 14 如申明專利範圍第12項之光學感測器裝置,進一步包括 心色摻雜填充材料,其在該光偵測器所在之腔室中且 在該光偵测器之上,其中該彩色摻雜填充材料係用作一 渡波器’以阻止該光源發射之主要波長光照射到該光偵 測器上。
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AU2002359673B2 (en) 2009-01-08
EP1454129A1 (en) 2004-09-08
CN1602420A (zh) 2005-03-30
CA2469870A1 (en) 2003-06-19
JP2005513426A (ja) 2005-05-12
EP1454129A4 (en) 2006-08-02
ATE436011T1 (de) 2009-07-15
TWI293363B (en) 2008-02-11
WO2003050519A1 (en) 2003-06-19
AU2002359673A1 (en) 2003-06-23
HK1148067A1 (zh) 2011-08-26
US6940590B2 (en) 2005-09-06
HK1064442A1 (zh) 2005-01-28
CN1602420B (zh) 2010-05-26
US20050237518A1 (en) 2005-10-27
DE60232912D1 (de) 2009-08-20
EP1454129B1 (en) 2009-07-08
US7190445B2 (en) 2007-03-13
BR0214824A (pt) 2004-09-14
US20030156290A1 (en) 2003-08-21
CA2469870C (en) 2011-07-26
CN101819149A (zh) 2010-09-01
JP4430396B2 (ja) 2010-03-10
MXPA04005608A (es) 2004-12-06

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