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TR201910827T4 - Termoplastik poliüretanlara dayalı köpük üretimine yönelik işlem. - Google Patents

Termoplastik poliüretanlara dayalı köpük üretimine yönelik işlem. Download PDF

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Publication number
TR201910827T4
TR201910827T4 TR2019/10827T TR201910827T TR201910827T4 TR 201910827 T4 TR201910827 T4 TR 201910827T4 TR 2019/10827 T TR2019/10827 T TR 2019/10827T TR 201910827 T TR201910827 T TR 201910827T TR 201910827 T4 TR201910827 T4 TR 201910827T4
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extruder
thermoplastic polyurethane
temperature
process according
blowing agent
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TR2019/10827T
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English (en)
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Rudolph Hans
Yamamoto Etsuhiro
Negishi Eiji
Nomura Akira
Tomata Tatsuro
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Basf Se
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    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
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    • B29B9/00—Making granules
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    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
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    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
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    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

Bu buluş, bir üfleme ajanı içeren bir polimer eriyiğinden genleşmiş topakların üretilmesi için bir işlem ile ilgilidir.

Description

TARIFNAME TERMOPLASTIK POLIURETANLARA DAYALI KOPUK URETIMINE YONELIK ISLEM Bu bulus, bir üfleme ajani içeren bir polimer eriyiginden genlesmis topaklarin üretilmesi Için bir islem ile ilgilidir. Termoplastik polimerlerin, özellikle de termoplastik poliüretanin (TPU) genlesmis topaklari, elastik ve tribolojik özelliklere sahiptir ve bu nedenle çok çesitli uygulamalarda kullanilir. Genlesmis termoplastik poliüretan topaklarinin kullanim örnekleri, tekrar kullanilabilir jimnastik paspaslari, vücut koruyuculari, otomobil yapiminda trim elementleri, ses ve titresim emicileri, paketleme ya da ayakkabi tabanlari mevcut bulunur. Topak kismindaki yüksek elastikiyet ve iyi homojenlik, tüm bu sektörler için belirleyici bir öneme sahiptir. üretimi için bir islemi açiklamaktadir. Islemin bir birinci basamagi, bir termoplastik poliüretanin topaklara ekstrüzyonunu içerir. Topaklar, bir ikinci asamada basinç altinda sulu bir süspansiyonda bir üfleme ajan ile emdirilir ve bir üçüncü asamada genisletilir. Islemin bir baska uygulamasinda, termoplastik poliüretan, bir ekstruderde bir üfleme ajani ile birlikte eritilir ve eriyik, köpügün önlenmesi için bir cihaz olmadan topak haline getirilir. Uçucu organik bilesikler, ekstrüzyon yoluyla üretimde üfleme ajanlari olarak kullanilir. üretilmesi için asagidaki adimlari içeren bir metot ile ilgilidir: a) itici içerikli polimerin eriyigini, 150 'C ile 280 'C arasindaki bir sicaklikta kontrol edilmis delikli bir plaka boyunca bir granülasyon haznesi içerisine preslenmesi; b) sicaklik kontrollü delikli plaka boyunca preslenmis olan polimer eriyiginin bir kesme cihazi ile ayri ayri genlesen granüller halinde birlestirilmesi; c) granülleri granülasyon haznesinden bir akiskan akimi ile doldurulmasi, içerisinde itici gaz, C02 ya da N2 ya da bir 002 ve N2 kombinasyonunu ihtiva eder ve 10 'C ila 60 'C arasindaki bir sicakliga kontrol edilen bir akiskan sivi ve ortam basincindan yukari 0.7 bar ila 20 bar arasinda bir basinca sahip olmasi granülasyon haznesi boyunca akmaya neden olur ve içerisinde granülasyon haznesindeki basinç ve sicaklik yani sira delikli plakanin sicakligi, basinç altindaki akiskan içindeki granüllerin içerdikleri itici gaz ile genisletilmis, kapali bir kaplamaya sahip genlesmis granüller olusturulacak sekilde seçilirler. Köpüklü termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklari (E-TPU) üretmek için sadece bir ekstruder kullanilirsa, örnegin hücre boyutu, yogunlugu, kaplama tabakasinin kalinligi ve bagimsiz hücre orani gibi istenen ürün özelliklerini elde etmek için sicaklik, basinç ve dönme hizi gibi tüm islem parametrelerinin kontrol edilmesi bazen zordur. Uretim sürecinde tutma süresi ve dönme hizinin degisimi sinirlidir. Mevcut bulusun amaci yukarida bahsi geçen sorunlari çözmeye yönelik olmaktadir ve köpüklü termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklari üretmek için kesin ve esnek bir islemi saglamaktir. Bu sorun, asagidaki asamalari içeren köpüklü termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklari üretmek a) bir birinci ekstruder E1'deki bir termoplastik poliüretani eritmek, b) bir ikinci ekstruder E2'deki bir gaz halindeki üfleme ajanini enjekte etmek, c) üçüncü bir ekstruder E3'teki gaz halindeki üfleme ajanini homojen olarak termoplastik poliüretan eriyigi içerisine emdirmek, d) emdirilmis term0plastik poliüretan eriyigini bir kalip plakasi içinden ekstrüde etmek ve köpürmüs termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklari olusturmak için sicakligi ve basinç kosullari altinda bir su alti granülasyon cihazinda granüle etmek. a) asamasinda, termoplastik poliüretan, tercihen bir tek vidali ekstruder olan birinci ekstrüder E1'de eritilir. Termoplastik poliüretanin (TPU) eriyik viskozitesi, gaz dozajlama için uygun viskoziteyi elde etmek ve ikinci ekstruder E2'ye sabit besleme yapmak için sicaklik, basinç ve dönüs hizi gibi parametreleri ayarlayarak belirli araliklarla kontrol edilir. Sadece TPU'yu eritmek için Ekstruder E1'in kullanilmasi, sertlikten ve moleküler agirliktan bagimsiz olan genis bir TPU araliginin seçilmesine olanak saglar. Termoplastik poliüretan, teknikte uzman bir kisi tarafindan bilinen herhangi bir istenen termoplastik poliüretan (TPU) olabilir. Termoplastik poliüretanlar ve bunlarin yapim metotlari, örnegin Gerhard W. Becker ve Dietrich Braun, Kunststoffhandbuch, cilt 7, "Polyurethane", Carl Hanser Verlag, Münih, Viyana, 1993'te genis bir sekilde tarif edilmistir. b) asamasinda, tercihen bir çift vidali ekstruder olan ikinci ekstrüder E2'de eriyen termoplastik poliüretan eriyigine gaz halinde bir üfleme ajani enjekte edilir. Tercihen C02 ve/ veya N2 ve daha fazla tercihen bir 002 ve N2 kombinasyonu, gaz halinde üfleme ajanlari olarak kullanilir. Bir beraberinde üfleme ajani polimer eriyigine ilave olarak ilave edilebilir. Kullanilan beraberinde üfleme ajanlari, etan, propan, bütan, pentan gibi alkanlari, etanol izopropanol, halojenli hidrokarbonlar veya CFC'Ier gibi alkoller, ya da bunlarin bir karisimini içerir. Tek basina CO2 ve/ veya N2 kullanimi ve ayni zamanda üfleme ajani olarak bunlarin kombinasyonlari, avantaj saglayan sekilde yanici olmayan inert gazlar olduklarindan dolayi avantajlidir, böylece üretimde potansiyel olarak patlayici atmosferler ortaya çikmaz. Gaz halinde üfleme ajanlarinin enjekte edilmesi için ayri bir ekstruder E2 kullanilmasi, gaz halinde üfleme ajani enjeksiyon süresinin uzatilmasini mümkün kilar. c) basamagi kullanilmazsa, gaz halinde üfleme ajani, ikinci ekstruder parametrelerinin kontrol edilmesiyle düzgün bir sekilde dagitilmalidir ve sogutma, vida seklini ayarlayarak ve sicakligi kontrol ederek ikinci ekstruder E2'nin ikinci yarisinda yapilmalidir. Uç ekstruder E1, E2 ve E3 seri olarak baglanir, tercihen ekstruder E1, dogrudan ekstruder E2'ye baglanir ve ekstruder E2 dogrudan ekstruder E3'e baglanir. En çok tercih edilen sekilde ekstruder E1 ve ekstruder ES olarak tek Vidali bir ekstruder kullanilir ve Ekstruder E2 olarak bir iki Vidali ekstruder kullanilir. Gaz halindeki üfleme ajanlarinin homojen bir sekilde termoplastik poliüretan eriyigine emdirilmesi, üçüncü bir ekstruder E3'te gerçeklestirilir. Amaçlanan hücre ebadi, yerçekimi, tabaka katmaninin kalinligi ve bagimsiz hücre oranini elde etmek için özel sekillendirilmis vidada sogutma ünitesine sahip olan üçüncü ekstruder E3'ün parametrelerini kontrol ederek TPU'nun düsük dönüs ve düsük saflik orani ile stabilize edilmesi ve sogutulmasidir. Gaz halindeki üfleme maddesini termoplastik poliüretan eriyigine emdirmek için ayri bir ekstruder E3 kullanilmasi, erimis TPU'da daha iyi gaz difüzyonu saglar. Gaz halindeki üfleme ajaninin termoplastik poliüretan eriyigine emdirmek için ayri bir ekstruder E3 kullanilmasi, erimis TPU'daki daha iyi gaz difüzyonu saglar. cl) asamasinda, emdirilmis termoplastik poliüretan eriyigini bir kalip plakasi içinden ekstrüde etmek ve köpüklü termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklarini (E-TPU) olusturmak üzere eriyik maddenin bir su alti granülasyon cihazinda sicaklik ve basinç kosullari altinda granüle edilmesi gerçeklestirilir. Tercihen, d) asamasinda olusturulan köpüklü termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklarinin kütle Tercihen, su alti granülasyon cihazindaki su, köpüklü termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklarinin istenen kütle yogunluguna ulasmasi için 1 ila 20 bar araliginda bir basinca ve 10 ila 50 T) arasinda bir sicakliga sahiptir. Ornekler Ham maddeler: Elastollan Elastollan Elastollan ET88O (BASF Japonya firmasindan ticari olarak temin edilen TPU) Elastollan SP TPU formu Elastan® C8008 C-B: % 15/ MCP için çapraz baglayici ajan polieter polioI-MDI bazli ön polimer Baglayici Makinenin kurulmasinin ardindan örnekler 1 - 12 kullanilmistir: 3 farkli tipte ekstruder birlestirilir ve asagidaki ekipmanlarlar sirasiyla eklenir; 1. 1. ekstrudere kurutucu 2. 2. ekstrudere gaz dozlama sistemi 3. 3. ekstrudere su alti topaklama sistemi TPU, bir 1. ekstruder içinde eritilir. Sicaklik kosullari kullanilan TPU derecesine bagli olarak ayarlanir. Nitrojen ve/ veya karbon dioksit, enjeksiyon pompalari kullanilarak 2. ekstruder içerisine (46 mm (p iki vidali ekstruder) enjekte edilir. C1 ila C12 arasinda isitici bölgesi ve AD (Adaptör) sicakliginin ayarlanmasi Kontrol kosullari Dönüs hizi: 47 rpm Çikis basinci: 7.5 MPa Ufleme Ajanlari N2: Basinç 8 MPa (% C02: Basinç 4 MP8 (% Erimis TPU'da gaz difüzyonu için bir 3. ekstruder (sogutma kabiliyetli dört vidali yivli ile 65 mm np tek vidali ekstruder) kullanilir. C1 ila C4 arasinda isitici bölgesi ve AD (Adaptör) sicakliginin ayarlanmasi Kontrol Kosullari: Dönüs hizi: 24 rpm Giris basinci: 8 MP3 Kalip basinci: 9 MPa Su alti gran'ulasyon: Adaptör ve kalip Sicakliginin Ayarlanmasi (filtre ile kalip arasinda) Adaptör Kalip 188 200 Makinenin kurulmasinin ardindan karsilastirmali Örnekler 13 - 15 kullanilmistir: Karsilastirmali örnekler TPU eritme, gaz dozlama ve gaz difüzyonu uygulanan sadece 1 ekstruder kullanilir. C1 ila C12 arasinda isitici bölgesi ve AD (Adaptör) sicakliginin ayarlanmasi Su alti granülasyon: Adaptör ve kalip Sicakliginin Ayarlanmasi (filtre ile kalip arasinda) Adaptör Kalip 188 200 Kaliplama Kosullari: Ornek 1-15 arasindan TPU-köpük parçaciklari, PU baglayici Elastan C8008 kullanilarak kaliplanir ve 80 °C'de 30 dakika preslenir. Kaliplarin fiziksel özellikleri Tablo 1'de 1 5 özetlenmistir. Kalip yogunlugu ve basinç dayanimi, JIS K 6767 standardina göre belirlenir. Kopma sirasindaki gerilme mukavemeti ve uzama, JIS K 6400 standardina göre belirlenir. Yiitilma mukavemeti ve Geri dönme esnekligi, JIS K 7311 standardina göre belirlenir. Sikistirma ayari tespit edilir. TR TR TR TR TR TR

Claims (5)

ISTEMLER
1. Köpüklü termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklarin üretilmesine yönelik bir islem olup, özelligi; asagidaki asamalari içermesidir a) bir birinci ekstruder E1'deki bir termoplastik poliüretani eritmek, b) bir ikinci ekstruder E2'deki bir gaz halindeki üfleme ajanini enjekte etmek, c) üçüncü bir ekstruder E3'teki gaz halindeki üfleme ajanini homojen olarak termoplastik poliüretan eriyigi içerisine emdirmek, d) emdirilmis termoplastik poliüretan eriyigini bir kalip plakasi içinden ekstrüde etmek ve kÖpürmüs termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklari olusturmak için sicakligi ve basinç kosullari altinda bir su alti granülasyon cihazinda granüle etmek.
2. Istem 11e göre islem olup, özelligi; içerisinde d) asamasinda olusturulan köpüklü termoplastik poliüretan parçaciklarinin kütle yogunlugunun, 30 ila 250 kg/m3 araliginda olmasidir.
3. istem 1 ya da 2iye göre islem olup, özelligi; içerisinde COz, N2 ya da C02 ve N2 'nin bir kombinasyonun, gaz halinde üfleme ajanlari olarak kullanilmasidir.
4. Istemler 1 ila 3 arasinda herhangi birine göre islem olup, Özelligi; içerisinde bir tek vidali ekstruderin, ekstruder E1 ve ekstruder E3 olarak kullanilmasidir ve bir iki vidali ekstruderin, ekstruder E2 olarak kullanilmasidir.
5. Istemler 1 ila 3 arasinda herhangi birine göre islem olup, özelligi; içerisinde su alti granülasyon cihazindaki suyun, 1 ila 20 bar araliginda bir basinca ve 10 ila 50 (C araliginda
TR2019/10827T 2015-02-17 2016-02-09 Termoplastik poliüretanlara dayalı köpük üretimine yönelik işlem. TR201910827T4 (tr)

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