SU979528A1 - Electrolyte for producing aluminium - Google Patents
Electrolyte for producing aluminium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SU979528A1 SU979528A1 SU813300565A SU3300565A SU979528A1 SU 979528 A1 SU979528 A1 SU 979528A1 SU 813300565 A SU813300565 A SU 813300565A SU 3300565 A SU3300565 A SU 3300565A SU 979528 A1 SU979528 A1 SU 979528A1
- Authority
- SU
- USSR - Soviet Union
- Prior art keywords
- fluoride
- electrolyte
- aluminum
- magnesium
- calcium
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYOPKZUGTAKSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Th].[Ca] Chemical compound [Th].[Ca] CYOPKZUGTAKSBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101150063830 abcB4 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
(54) ЭЛЕКТРОЛИТ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ АЛЮМИНИЯ Изобретение относитс к электрюлнтическому получению алюмини . Известен электролит, содержащий 4-4,5% MgFj; 3-3,5% CaFj при криолитовом отношении 2,5-2,6; 5% 5% CaFj при кри олитовом отношении 2,7 1. Недостатками известного состава электролита вл ютс повышенный переход магни в алюминий, пониженна электропроводность электролита. Известен электролит, содержащий глинозем 6-9% CaFj; 6-9% NaCI; фторид натри и ф рид алюмини при мол рном отношении 2,2- 3,2 2. Однако у известного состава электролита пониженна раствоимость глинозема за счет большого количества вводимых добавок, а также повышенные потери алюмини , что при водит к ухудшению технико-экономических показателей электролиза. В св зи с этим, при менение известного состава в промышленност ограни11ено. Цель изобретени - получение алюмини с содержанием магни не выше. 0,0005-0,005%. Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что электролит, содержащий фториды натри , алюмини , кальци и глинозем дополнительно содержит фториды магни и кали при Ъледуюшем соотношении компонентов, вес.%: Фторид алюмини 47-52 Фторид йатри 35-40 Фтйрид кальци 6-10 Фторид магни 0,5-1,5 Фторид кали 0,5- 1,5 ГлиноземОстальное при соотношении фторида кальци к фторид магни 4-20. Использование электролита с более высоким содержанием фтористого йатри или более низким содержанием в нем фтористого алю иини повышает криолитовое oтнoшeннeJ что при содержании добавок 8-11% приводит к повышенному переходу натри в алюминий. При содержании фтористого кальци в электролите более10% ухудшаетс раствори3979(54) ELECTROLYTE FOR OBTAINING ALUMINUM The invention relates to electrolytic production of aluminum. Known electrolyte containing 4-4.5% MgFj; 3-3.5% CaFj with a cryolite ratio of 2.5-2.6; 5% 5% CaFj with a cryolite ratio of 2.7 1. The disadvantages of the known composition of the electrolyte are the increased transition of magnesium into aluminum, the reduced electrical conductivity of the electrolyte. Known electrolyte containing alumina 6-9% CaFj; 6-9% NaCl; sodium fluoride and aluminum frid at a molar ratio of 2.2–3.2 2. However, the known electrolyte composition has a reduced solubility of alumina due to the large amount of additives added, as well as increased aluminum losses, which leads to a deterioration of the technical and economic performance of electrolysis . In this connection, the application of a known composition in industry is limited. The purpose of the invention is to produce aluminum with a magnesium content not higher. 0.0005-0.005%. The goal is achieved by the fact that the electrolyte containing fluorides of sodium, aluminum, calcium and alumina additionally contains magnesium and potassium fluorides in the following ratio of components, wt.%: Aluminum fluoride 47-52 Fluoride yatry 35-40 Calcium fluoride 6-10 Fluoride magnesium 0 , 5-1.5 Potassium fluoride, 0.5-1.5 Alumina, while the ratio of calcium fluoride to magnesium fluoride is 4-20. The use of an electrolyte with a higher content of fluoride yatri or a lower content of aluminum fluoride in it increases the cryolitic ratio, which, if the content of additives is 8-11%, leads to an increased transition of sodium to aluminum. When the content of calcium fluoride in the electrolyte is more than 10%, it dissolves 3979
Mi)cri. глинозема в нем и другие его свойства {плотность, электропроводагость): при содержании 1)тористого кальци в электролите менее (f/( увеличиваетс переход магни в алюмшшй, при содержании фтористого магни в электролиге выше 1,5% возрастает переход магни в металл. Фтористый калий, содержащийс в электролите в количестве, превышающем 1,5% значикльно снижает срок службы электролизеров ,Mi) cri. alumina in it and its other properties {density, electrical conduction): when 1) of thorium calcium in the electrolyte is less (f / (the transition of magnesium to aluminum increases, and when the content of magnesium fluoride in the electrolyte exceeds 1.5%, the transition of magnesium into metal increases. Fluoride potassium contained in the electrolyte in an amount exceeding 1.5% significantly reduces the service life of the electrolyzers,
При электролизе глинозема, растворенного в расплавленном электролите, состо щем из фторидов натри , алюмини , кальци и магни , на катоде выдел етс жидкий алюминий, на угольном аноде - оксиды углерода. Загрузка .глинозема в электролит может производитьс непрерывно, полунепрерывно или периодически при обработке электролизеров. Загрузка добавок производитс периодически, частично 01Ш поступают с вырьем в виде примесей . (СаО, МдО,, KjO). Кальций в электролит может быть введен в виДе СаР или смеси СаО + А1Рз и СаО + технический криолит. Калий и магний в электролит ввод тс с глиноземом и фтористЪ1МИ сол ми.In the electrolysis of alumina dissolved in a molten electrolyte consisting of sodium, aluminum, calcium and magnesium fluorides, liquid aluminum is released at the cathode, and carbon oxides at the carbon anode. The loading of alumina into the electrolyte can be carried out continuously, semi-continuously or periodically when processing electrolyzers. The loading of additives is carried out periodically, in part, 01W are fed out as impurities. (CaO, MDO ,, KjO). Calcium in the electrolyte can be introduced in the CaD species or mixtures of CaO + A1P3 and CaO + technical cryolite. Potassium and magnesium are introduced into the electrolyte with alumina and fluoride salts.
Дл поддержани заданного криолитового отношени и уровн электролита периодически погружаетс технический криолит и фтористыйTo maintain a given cryolite ratio and electrolyte level, technical cryolite and fluoride are periodically submerged.
алюминий. В процессе электролита состав электролита кoppekтиpyeтc по добавкам CaFj-, Мдр2 и KF так, .чтобы сумма этих добавок не превышала 11%.aluminum. In the process of electrolyte, the composition of electrolyte koppektipkyts on additives CaFj-, Mdr2 and KF so that the sum of these additives does not exceed 11%.
Состав электролита опробуетс в лабораторных услови х. Электролиз провод т в расплаве , содержащем фториды натри , алюмини , кальци , магни , и глинозема. Продолжительность опь1та 4 ч. На катоде выдел етс жидкий алюминий, на аноде - оксиды углерода. Загрузку глинозема в электролит производ т периодически через 1 ч, кальций ввод т в виде CaFi, кальций и магний поступает с глиноземом , техническим криолитом и фтористым алюминием.The electrolyte composition is tested in laboratory conditions. The electrolysis is carried out in a melt containing sodium, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and alumina fluorides. The duration of the experiment is 4 hours. Liquid aluminum is released at the cathode, and carbon oxides at the anode. Alumina is loaded into the electrolyte periodically after 1 h, calcium is introduced in the form of CaFi, calcium and magnesium are supplied with alumina, technical cryolite and aluminum fluoride.
В таблице приведены примеры составов ; электролита и результаты их использовани процессе злектролиза.The table lists examples of formulations; electrolyte and the results of their use by the electrolysis process.
Как видно из данных, приведенных в таблице , предложенные составы электролнта обеспечивают получение алюмини с содержанием магни в пределах 0,0005-0,005%.As can be seen from the data presented in the table, the proposed formulations of electrolytes provide aluminum with a magnesium content in the range of 0.0005-0.005%.
Использование предлагаемого электролита позвол ет получить экоиомический. эффект в размере 300-500 тыс. руб , при пронэводительности корпусов электролиза 100 тыс.т. алюмини .The use of the proposed electrolyte makes it possible to obtain an ecoiomic. effect in the amount of 300-500 thousand rubles, with the throughput of the electrolysis buildings of 100 thousand tons. aluminum.
Состав электролита,Electrolyte composition,
мас.% NaF 51524952 I. AlFj 37383836 К.О. 2,762,732,582,89wt.% NaF 51524952 I. AlFj 37383836 K.O. 2,762,732,582,89
4 2 4 2
7 0,5 2 47 0.5 2 4
121234121234
0,0120.02 0,0008 0,003 ОДО5 0,0005 560,0120.02 0,0008 0.003 ODO5 0.0005 56
0,004 0,0010.004 0.001
II
610610
6666
1,0 0,51.0 0.5
1,5 0,5 51 504752 . 37 363540 2,76 2,782,69 2,601.5 0.5 51 504752. 37 363540 2.76 2.782.69 2.60
5 9795285 979528
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU813300565A SU979528A1 (en) | 1981-06-11 | 1981-06-11 | Electrolyte for producing aluminium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU813300565A SU979528A1 (en) | 1981-06-11 | 1981-06-11 | Electrolyte for producing aluminium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SU979528A1 true SU979528A1 (en) | 1982-12-07 |
Family
ID=20962804
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU813300565A SU979528A1 (en) | 1981-06-11 | 1981-06-11 | Electrolyte for producing aluminium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SU (1) | SU979528A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5114545A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1992-05-19 | Reynolds Metals Company | Electrolyte chemistry for improved performance in modern industrial alumina reduction cells |
-
1981
- 1981-06-11 SU SU813300565A patent/SU979528A1/en active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5114545A (en) * | 1991-06-17 | 1992-05-19 | Reynolds Metals Company | Electrolyte chemistry for improved performance in modern industrial alumina reduction cells |
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