SU976152A2 - Hydraulic buffer - Google Patents

Description

(54) HYDRAULIC BUFFER

one

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to devices capable of perceiving dynamic loads.

According to the main author. St. M 9OG683 is known a hydraulic buffer comprising a body filled with a viscous medium, a piston with a rod, dividing the housing into two cavities installed in parallel, a hydraulic resistance and a non-return valve located in the piston, an additional variable hydraulic resistance installed in the subcameral cavity of the housing and made in the form of a package of elastic elements, each of which is formed by two facing each other large bases of plates, the internal cavity of the package is connected with the output of the return valve pava, and its external cavity is communicated through a high impedance resistance to the back cavity of the casing, and a floating piston located in the supra-piston

Body cavities and axially spring-loaded {11.

The disadvantage of the known buffer is that its size depends on the speed of the piston. At a constant speed of motion, the resistance is nonlinearly dependent on the position of the particles. However, the degree of non-linearity is low and does not depend on the position (stroke) of the piston, 4to

10 is parallel with the work of all the elastic elements and the same thickness of the plates that reverse their THEIR. This limits the scope of application of the hydraulic buffer, since its use with an atom can only be done separately for sensing or powerful shocks, with small shocks from the output loads.

The aim of the invention is to achieve an adverse effect.

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Delivered del is achieved by the fact that the hydraulic buffer is provided with spacers with axial channels, 3976 between elastic elements and framing between each other and with the supporting surfaces of the piston and body, normally open shut-off valves, and the plates for different ytipjirux elements of the package are made of different thickness. The drawing shows a hydraulic buffer, a longitudinal section. The hydraulic buffer contains a housing 1 filled with a viscous medium, a piston 2 with a rod 3, dividing the housing 1 into two cavities — above piston 4 and under piston 5. In piston 2 there are placed parallel hydraulic resistance 6 and a check valve 7. In the above piston cavity 4 1, a floating piston 8 is disposed, spring-loaded in the axial pressure of the spring 9, and serving to compensate for the decrease in the volume of the working (filled with a viscous medium) cavity by the rod 3 when the buffer is low. Additional variable hydraulic resistance is made in the form of a package of elastic elements 10, each of which is formed by two large bases facing each other - plates 11, and is installed in the piston cavity 5 of the housing 1. Under the piston cavity 5, the bags of elastic elements 10 are divided into two cavities 12 and 13. The inner cavity 12 of the package of elastic elements 1O is connected with the output of the return valve 6, and the outer cavity 13 between the housing 1, the elastic elements 10 and the piston 2 is communicated through the hydraulic resistance 6 with the piston howl cavity 4 of the housing 1. The plates 11 for the various elastic elements Yu package made of different thicknesses. Spacers 14 with axial channels 15 are formed between elastic elements l6, which form in pairs between themselves and with the supporting surfaces of the piston 2 and the housing 1 normally open shut-off valves (valve-seat pairs). The hydraulic buffer works as follows. With the impact of the rod 3 at a certain speed, the medium in the piston cavity 5 is compressed, its pressure increases. Moreover, the pressure rises as in the inner cavity 12 of the package of elastic elements 10 and in cavity 13 (outside the package of elastic elements 10). The medium through the hydraulic resistance 6 flows from the cavity 13 into the extra piston cavity 4 4, the dependence of the buffer compression resistance on the speed of movement of the piston 2 is determined. At the same time, the viscous medium flows from the cavity 12 into the cavity 13 through the gap 16 between the plates 11 with the smallest thickness, which between them are below the effect of increased internal pressure is revealed. As the package of elastic elements U is compressed, the compression of the elastic element 10 formed by the plates 11 with the smallest thickness increases to a greater extent than the deformation of the elastic elements 1O formed by the plates 11 of greater thickness. The valve pair valve-seat (upper spacer 14 and porsche 1 and 2) is closed, the viscosity of the viscous medium between the plates 11 with the smallest thickness is stopped. Further impact of the impact on the rod 3 leads to the opening of the joint between the plates 11 of the next elastic element 1O of the package. Since the thickness of these plates 11 is greater than the thickness of the plates 11, which previously operated, the opening of the joint between them occurs at a higher pressure in the cavity 12. This determines the increasing nonlinear characteristic of the resistance of the buffer at a given speed of compression from the position of the piston 1 (on the piston stroke 2). Upon further reduction of the elastic elements 10, the second elastic element Yu is likewise disconnected from the work, and the next elastic element comes into operation, the opening of the junction between the plates11 of which occurs even at a higher pressure in the cavity 12. And so on. The buffer resistance force increases sharply (non-linearly) as it is compressed. If the shock effect on the rod 3 occurs at a different speed, then the resistance force of the buffer will have another constant component, the same variable. the constituent will again have a pronounced non-linear increasing x-. Racter This is achieved due to a sharp non-linear (as the elastic elements 10 are compressed) increasing tt hydraulic. . resistance to the flow of viscous & th cavity 12 into the cavity 13. The junction between the plates 11 of the elastic elements 10 in the buffer is an additional resistance, the value of which non-linearly depends on the deformation of the elastic elements 10. The non-linearity of the additional hydraulic resistance is due to the fact that the plates 11 are different elastic The elements of the Yu package have a variable thickness,; And the elastic elements 10 nt are switched off from work one by one, their valve pairs are alternately closed.

When the load from the rod 3 is removed, the elements 10 are expanded, the piston 2 rises up, the viscous medium from the cavity 4 through the hydraulic resistance 6 flows into the cavity 13, and through the check valve 7, which is open, the medium enters the pope 12 with the rod 3, they gradually rise up, occupying their original position.

The hydraulic buffer provides a high degree of nonlinearity of the resistivity from an external load, which significantly expands its range of potential use. A hydraulic buffer can be used to shock various objects. For limited impact forces on different objects between the fixed support and the impacting object, the described buffer is established, which will ensure the necessary absorption of impact energy and the limitation of impact effects equally for weak and powerful ones; beats. All this testifies to the greater versatility of the proposed hydraulic buffer, to the wider area of its possible use. In addition, install

(during assembly) between elastic spacer elements of various heights (thicknesses), one can easily provide the required buffer characteristic, that & how this achieves the required moments (values of the piston strokes) at which occurs (the elimination of the elastic elements from work, which allows for a change in the characteristics of the resistances within wide limits. This creates favorable conditions for the standardization and unification of hydraulic shock absorbers.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Hydraulic buffer auth. St. No. 901683, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, the buffer is provided with spacers with axial coughs installed between the elastic elements and forming atop together between themselves and with, the supporting surfaces of the piston and body are normally open shut-off valves packages are made of different thickness. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 901683, cl. F 16 F 9/18, 1980 (prototype).