SU94921A1 - Logging theodolite - Google Patents

Description

In auth. St. No. 70637 in addition, the applicant has described a registration theodolite, intended primarily for determining the volumes of a mineral resource with an irregularly shaped head |

In this theodolite, projections of sight points on a vertical plane on a stationary tablet with a pencil, controlled by a theodolite tube, made rotatable about an axis, parallel horizontal axis of the tube, and pivotally attached to the end of the tube, which ensures preservation of the parallel when recording parallelism pencil sighting axis pipe. The tablet is p1 located on a slider moved in the plane of sight along a guide fitted with a linear scale to set the desired scale by varying the distance of the tablet from the time axis of the pencil wound.

The proposed theodolite represents a further improvement of the theodolite by the main author. and differs from it in the use of: -.-, for the purpose of direct I3 (changing the areas of vertical sections of stacks, "the place of the plumb stick associated with the telescope being moved around the contour. This plumb describes a reduced contour, similar to the measured one, and transmits their movement through a flexible link to the counting rollers associated with the reference scales.

FIG. 1-3 depicts the described recording theodolite in three projections.

The viewer 1 on the pipe / theodolite rotates on the horizontal axis 2 eccentrically attached to it. A cylinder 3 is rigidly attached to the telescope / cylinder 3, the axis of which intersects the horizontal axis 2 of the pipe rotation and is perpendicular to it. Inside the cylinder 3, along the axis of the ball, the plumb head 4 slides, the center of which coincides

with the axis ts.llndra. When the pipe moves, the plumb line 4 slides with two sliders. Along the parallelism of the guide posts 5, rigidly fastened with the slider 6, not moving horizontally in parallel or 7 under the action; m of the upper slide of the slide 8, Haca / KeHHOiro on, right guide rod 9 mounted on the vertical axis of rotation of the instrument. The slider 8 moves in parallel / (/, the slider is carried along with itself. Thus, the plumb line 4 when moving the telescope 1 in the horizontal and vertical planes moves only in one vertical plane.

In its lower part, the plumb line 4 is provided with a roller 11, through which a flexible cable is thrown, one end of which is attached to the slider (J, and the other, passed through two lower rollers, is connected to a slider 12 moving along the bar 13 attached to The engine 14, which, in turn, is connected with the lower finger of the slide trigger 5 | and, due to this gfi rotation of the tube 1 around the vertical axis, does not move in a horizontal direction in the slot grooves 15.

The movement of the pipe / in the vertical plane is accompanied by the same movement of the plumb line 4, which, through a flexible cable, moves the slider 2 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the plumb movement. When the telescope is rotated / around the vertical axis, the crawl 12 moves in direction; parallel to the plane of the plumb, the slide slides along the guide rod 16, which wheels 17 along the guide wheels 18. The movement of the rod 16 in the direction towards the front of the tool is performed by tensioning the flexible cable and, in the opposite direction, under the action of two flexible cables attached to its ends and which receive tension by the action of two round springs 19.

A clip 20, which is attached to the support of the counting roller 21, which moves along the rod 22, is fixed to the Hia bearings in both of its ends, is worn from the worn 16. The rod 22 has a circular cross section and has a slit along the length of one side, which allows the counting roller 21 to move along the rod with simultaneous rotation along its axis. The counting roller 21 rests on a disk 23 rigidly attached by the connecting rods 24 to the vertical axis of rotation of the tool. The pin 22 on one end of the cushion is provided with a second counting roller 25, on which divisions are applied corresponding to mm of the circumference of the counting roller 21. The schg-gy roller, the ir 25 is equipped with two nonius, one of which with the help of the ratchet mechanism 26 follows the counting roller only in one direction, and the other tightly attached to the lid. On the tool cover there is a sash 27-. A nonus 28 is attached to the rod 16, which fixes the movement of the counting roller 21 to the rod 22 in mm. At one end of the horizontal axis 2 there is a vertical circle 29 for measuring the angles of inclination, on the other end the spring 30 to balance springs 19.

The tool is provided with a level 31. For clamping, the clamping screw 32 serves as a vertical. Axis axis (the tool is clamped in the stand with a screw 33. The viewing tube is alone with the aiming device 36 and long-distance threads. The target axis of the pipe covers a 120 ° sector in the horizontal and vertical plane x, and for constructive considerations vertical angles of ± 60 ° can be measured only in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the plumb line, to the top. when the pipe is rotated to the left and to the right of this plane, the max. Decrease evenly to the smallest value: 43, which is provided by guide ribs 34 and 35.

The theodolite is mounted on a stand and lifted into position by the lifting screws 37 of the stand 38, using level 31. From one tool set, the sight of the pipe 1 extends 120 ° in the horizontal and vertical planes.

The proposed theodolite makes it possible to determine analytically, without resorting to graphical constructions and applications of PL: an animeter, a powerful form of the area of vertical sections of shtabel, quarries and mountain chambers, and the presence of a rangefinder in the telescope makes it possible to determine necessary for calculating the volumes of these objects using the pa) method of allelic vertical sections.

The area is measured by the putty of the circumference of the pipe sighting axis / or by the axis of the sighting device 36 of the entire contour of the measured area, parallel to the plumb line 4, or only the upper part. When outlining the sighting axis of the contour tube, the plumb line 4 occupies a fixed position and is removed from the vertical axis of the tool rotation by a constant value. Plummet 4 describes a similar reduced area.

The vertical movement of the plumb line 4 causes the movement of the counting block 21 1B: the length of the rod 22; the horizontal movement of the sheer causes the rotation of the disk 23.

Measurement of areas is feasible at any location relative to the tool horizon. There are four possible cases.

1. If the measured area is above the instrument horizon, it is determined by the formula:

D LAG e / "1-- 2

P..Aff-S ,,

2. If the measurement is below the horizontal horizon, then it is:

 (

3. If the horizon of the instrument divides the measured area into two parts, then two cases are possible. The measured area for the first case is determined by the formula

Р -: -. ЛЯ- 5 I

second case by formula

P: --- AH-S (

When singing while measuring the area, it is possible to close the viziril with a beam of its smoke, then in all four cases, the measured area is determined by the formula:

Yag LJ-5 ;; -.,

where p is the number of divisions of the counting roller 23 n is the count of the counting roller of 25 prn its movement; forward n-I Rule and / g - when moving In the opposite direction, when the counting role, to 2 / passes through the center - Disk 23; The radius of the disk 25; N is the number of divisions on the disk 23

tool-w / g., - J

/

n, - n,

.AJ -; - / Z. 2 /

to 94921 4 -

h and h-2 counts on a scale of 27, corresponding to the vertical distance a m from the instrument horizon to the ends of the lower base of the area; // - distance along the perpendicular, from the vertical axis of the tool to the measured area; S-projection of the plumb line 4 on a horizontal plane; A is a constant, numerically equal to the square of the reciprocal of the doubled distance from the vertical axis of the tool to the plane of weight 1.

Subject invention

According to the author's certificate No. 70637, the form of the execution of a reproducing theodolite is the fact that, in order to directly measure the areas of the vertical sections of the stubs, instead of a pencil, a plumb, which is moved with the telescope when moving around the contour, is used. a measured contour similar to the measured one and transmitting its movement by means of the flexible Hia coupling to the counting rollers connected to the reading scales.

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