SU945139A1 - Batch for making ceramic products - Google Patents

Description

(5) CHARGE MIXTURE FOR MANUFACTURING CERAMIC PRODUCTS

V

The invention relates to the ceramics industry, in particular, to compositions of ceramic masses for the manufacture of majolica household items from local clays.

Famous ceramic material for the manufacture of chemical equipment and building materials, including clay, kaolin, zircon, pegmatite, porcelain slaughter, titanium dioxide, chromium oxide, basalt, characterized with an extended sintering interval O

However, the known ceramic mass has a high calcination temperature, which is 1320-1380 ° C, and does not allow obtaining articles from it with a sufficiently high-density structure at lower calcination temperatures (up to). In addition, this mass has a sintering interval of 60 °, which does not ensure the production of high-quality products in tunnel gas furnaces, where temperature differences are about, and in its composition includes scarce and expensive components.

The known ceramic mass 12 for the manufacture of facing tiles, comprising low-melting clay, quartz sand and talc concentrate in the following ratio of components, wt.% :. . Clay fusible 50-55 Quartz sand 10-15 Talc

concentrate30-35

15

Closest to the invention is a mixture of the manufacture of ceramic products, containing refractory clay, quartz sand, skull, kaolin and flux. And in

20 As smooth, it contains perlite. Known mixture contains these components in the following ratio, weight ..:; Refractory clay Quartz sand Kaolin Perlite However, the known charge for the manufacture of ceramic products has a low heat resistance. The purpose of the invention is to increase the capacity of products. A fixed target is achieved by the Mto charge for making ceramic products, mainly majolica, including fusible clay, quartz sand, skull and flux, contains nepheline-syenite as a smooth component with the following ratio of components, wt.%: Clay refractory Quartz sand Nepheline - Nepheline-syenite syenite in combination with other components ensures the formation of glassy melts already at low calcination temperatures, which destroy particles of refractory oxides, involving new oxides in the melt, s in a single monolith. These processes stabilize the compaction of the crock, reducing its water absorption. The increased content of oxides and SIQj contributes to the preservation of a wide firing interval for the mass. The presence of the skull improves the molding and drying properties of the mass, reduces fuel consumption per day, stabilizes the sintering process of the crock. Refractory clay and sand from the Yabevsky deposit of the Belorussian and also nepheline-syenite from the Kola deposit are used as the raw material. The chemical composition of raw materials is given in table. one. . The ceramic mass is prepared as follows. The skull (product breakage after scrap burning) is pre-crushed in a jaw crusher. Fine grinding of materials in a ball mill of a wet process. The mill was loaded in two stages. At the first stage, the skull, nepheline-syenite, quartz sand and 10% of their clay mass are refractory loaded into the mill. Water is added to a moisture content of 35, grinding is carried out for 6 hours. In the second stage, the remaining clay is loaded into the mill and water is added to the moisture content of the suspension b5. Grinding is carried out until the residue on the sieve with the grid No. OBPZ - (hole / cm G1.86-2.0%. Then the suspension is dewatered on filter presses until the weight is 21-23. The resulting mass is washed on a vacuum press, subjected to curing, After that, the products are re-evacuated and molded on molding Spindle machines - and semiautomatic machines with molding moisture of 18–20%. The products are added up, dried at 100–105 ° C to a residual moisture content of 2.0–2.5%, burned at a temperature of 950-1100 C and 11 0-1180 C, with an exposure at a maximum temperature of 2 hours. Specific The composition of the proposed mixture is given in Table 2. The properties of the products are listed in Table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, at the firing temperature of 950-POOC, the heat resistance of the proposed mass is 98 cycles, the known is 72 cycles, with the corresponding CTE values constituting (57.2-58.3) and (66.7-68.1) 10 1 / hail, water absorption is 4.2-10.5 and 5.2-12.8, respectively. With an increase in the firing temperature to 1140-1180С, the heat resistance of the proposed mass is 91-95 cycles and 61-65 cycles known for the corresponding values of CTE (55.6-57.9) and (b2,1-b5,3) 10 1 / degree and waters The absorption is 2.5-3.6 and 3-4%, respectively. Thus, the proposed composition provides increased heat resistance while maintaining the other characteristics. This advantage allows improving the quality and operational parameters of majolica products for domestic use, which are subject to increased requirements for heat resistance, and reducing product losses.

75.86 Ta.Z

98.80

, 79 28, CV

Clay refractory Sand quartz Nepheline-syenite Skull

Shihtovoy composition of the masses (mass dol),%

refractory clay

quartz sand

skull

nepheline syenite

Kaolin Pros new

perlite

Mass characteristics

water absorption

КТТР, о; - 10 1 / degree

(20-400 С)

Table t.

kM

"|, 8

1.02 1.22 0.3 0.9 L, 04

1.80 1.0 0.40 18.36 1.09

65 23 2 10

61 25 2 12

60 30 5 5

Table 3

25 12 12

21 30

3-1 |

55.6-57.9. 62, Heat resistance cycles (ZdO-aO С) 1. flexural strength of blasts fired at the maximum firing temperature, kgf / cm 932-973 cold resistance, more than 75 More than 80 cycles linear shrinkage at the maximum temperature of 9.3-12.83 12.87-13 firing,%

Claims (3)

Invention Formula The mixture for the manufacture of ceramic products, mainly aiolic, including refractory clay, quartz sand, skull and flux, characterized in that, in order to improve the heat resistance of the products, it contains as nepheline-syenite as a component in the following ratio of components, masd: Clay refractory 55 -65 Quartz sand 23-30 Skull5-12 Nepheline syenite 2-8 9 15139 8 Continued table. 3 72. 979-99 Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR Author's Certificate No. 77136, cl. From 04 to 33/24, T973. 2. USSR author's certificate number 457680, cl. From 04 To 27/04, 1973. 3.H.I.G. The use of perlite in semi-porcelain, porcelain and fossil masses. Materials of the coordination meeting on the use of raw materials in the Transcaucasian in the ceramic and porcelain industry of the Transcaucasian deposits of new types of ceramic raw materials, Tbilisi, 1964 (prototype). 981-995 2-957 More than 80 of its 75. 8-12.1 12.8-13.1