SU937207A1 - Method and apparatus for producing plastic glass reinforcement - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD OF MANUFACTURING GLASS-PLASTIC ARMATURE AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

one

The invention relates to the manufacture of fiberglass products by the draw method.

The known method for the manufacture of fiberglass reinforcement by forming a bundle of glass fibers, drying, impregnating them, squeezing the binder, forming a profile, curing and selecting the finished product 1.

It is also known a device for the manufacture of fiberglass reinforcement, which includes a spool, a drying grid, an impregnation bath, a spinneret, a curing chamber and a selection roll 1, which guides the grate.

However, this method and device do not provide good quality products due to the presence of voids and a sufficiently high content of solvent in the binder after impregnation.

A known method of manufacturing fiberglass reinforcement, including the operations of orienting glass fibers, impregnating a binder, pressing them, forming a shaped product in several stages with an increase in the degree of compaction

impregnated with a binder glass fiber at each subsequent stage with additional heating, curing the product with its subsequent selection 2.

It is also known a device for the manufacture of fiberglass reinforcement, which includes a spool with glass fiber, a knot, orientation, an impregnation bath, a binder spinning unit, several successive forming forming heated nozzles with decreasing bore sections along the product, a curing chamber and a product selection unit 2.

However, the known method and device do not provide good quality fittings due to incomplete solvent removal, since the decrease in solvent content is complicated by the fact that after removing the bulk of the solvent, the viscosity increases along the himeric component by almost 20 to 20 times, which drastically slows down the removal residual solvent from the material, especially since the solvent is particularly difficult to remove from the polymer matrix, since it is retained by its polar groups.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the product by intensifying the removal of residual solvent.

The goal is achieved in that according to the method, which includes the steps of orienting the glass fibers, impregnating the binder, squeezing them, forming the shaped product in several stages with an increase in the degree of compaction of the impregnated glass fibers at each subsequent stage with additional heating, and hardening the product followed its selection, after each stage of forming the shaped product, it is evacuated.

This goal is also achieved by the fact that a device for manufacturing fiberglass reinforcement, including spun, glass fiber glass, an orientation unit, an impregnation bath, a binder spinning unit, several successively shaped forming heated fillers with decreasing flow sections, curing chambers and the product selection unit is equipped with vacuum chambers installed after each forming die.

FIG. Figure 1 shows an installation for the manufacture of fiberglass plastic products, general view; in fig. 2 - forming device, longitudinal section.

The device consists of a pinhole 1, designed to accommodate bobbins with reinforcing material, a harness drying unit 2, an impregnation bath 3 with a squeezing device 4, a devolatilization chamber 5, a forming device 6 consisting of an inlet 7, an intermediate 8 and an output 9 dies, equipped with heaters 10 and vacuum chambers 11 with drain nozzles 12 and 13, having vacuum taps 14 and 15. The bottom 16 of the vacuum chambers have slopes towards the drain nozzles, and in the wall of the vacuum chambers there is a window 17 of heat-resistant transparent material, for example kva tsevogo glass, with the mark 18, the allowable content of the binder in the vacuum chamber. A coiler 19, a polymerization chamber 20 and a selection drum 21 are installed behind the spinnerets.

The manufacture of fiberglass reinforcement is carried out as follows. Rolled from the spike 1, the glass threads are oriented on the rollers 22, dried in the pre-drying unit 2 at 95-100 ° C, passed through the bath 3 with the binder, where the fiber is impregnated with the binder at 30 ° C, the squeezing unit 4, where the excess binder is removed from the fiberglass, the inert solvent removal zone 5 at 100-120 ° C, the forming device 6, in which the material is profiled by drawing through the inlet die 7 heated to 120 ° C, is evacuated in the first vacuum chamber 11, where vacuum to 1 atm is maintained. Then, it is pulled through an intermediate die plate 8 heated to 125 ° C and evacuated in the second vacuum chamber 11 with the same depression as in the first vacuum chamber, after which it is profiled in the exit die at 130 ° C.

When passing through both vacuum chambers 11 from a molded fiberglass rod, there will be an intense removal of residual solvent, since

a significant difference in the vapor pressure of the solvent in the vacuum chambers and in the moldable material causes an increase in the rate of migration of this solvent vapor from the surface of the fiberglass to the evacuated volume, which leads to an increase in the concentration gradient of the solvent over the cross section of the rod. The resulting concentration gradient will contribute to the diffusion of solvent vapors from the inner layers of the fiberglass rod to its surface.

Due to the fact that the forming part 79 of the die has heaters 10, made in the form of separately fed windings, from, for example, nichrome wire, located around the forming parts 7-9

5, accordingly, the possibility of a gradual increase in temperature is achieved, since the evaporation front of the solvent is directed toward the high temperatures. Conditions are created under which the solvent vapor migration from fiberglass to the evacuated volume is intensified during the transition from one spinnerette to another. As the permissible content of the binder, pressed by spinnerets 7 and 8, and the achievement of

Its 5 levels of reference marks on the glasses, through the pipes 12 and 13, open the valves 14 and 15, the binder from the vacuum chambers is diverted into the bath 3 with the binder. The slopes of the lower part of the vacuum chambers help avoid stagnant zones of the pressed binder and contribute to the effective drain of the binder.

When passing through the heated spunbond part 7, a preforming material is formed

5, the softening of the binder, the redistribution of this binder over the cross section of the material, and with the passage of the preformed fiberglass rod into the first vacuum chamber 11 - partial removal of residual solvent.

° When passing through the intermediate spunbond part 8, the formable rod is further compacted, the binder is further distributed over the cross section of the material, and the excess binder is released from the material into the lower part of the vacuum chamber 11.

Claims (2)

With the passage of the second vacuum chamber 11, the solvent is optimally removed from the material and the material obtained with the minimum residual content is dissolved, ensuring the maximum density of the formable rod. The fiberglass rod is finally molded and calibrated in the output spunbond part 9. It is then wrapped with an additional layer of fibrous material by a wrapper 19, polymerized in chamber 20 and picked up by drum 21. The quality indicators of the products obtained using and without vacuuming are presented in the table. The use of the invention by reducing the residual solvent content improves the quality of the product being manufactured. Claim 1. Method of manufacturing fiberglass reinforcement, including the operation of orientation of glass fiber, impregnation with spin binder, forming a core product in several stages with an increase in the degree of compaction impregnated with binder glass fiber at each subsequent stage with additional heating, and curing the product followed by Selection, characterized in that, in order to increase the quality of the product by intensifying the removal of residual solvent, after each stage of molding, The product is evacuated by a drawing. 2. A device for the manufacture of fiberglass reinforcement, including a glass fiber spike, an orientation unit, an impregnation bath, a binder spinning unit, several consecutive forming heated die plates with decreasing flow sections, a curing chamber, and a product selection unit, characterized by that, in order to improve the quality of the product by intensifying the removal of residual solvent, it is equipped with evacuation chambers installed after each forming die. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Andreev G. Ya. And others. Manufacturing of fiberglass pipes. Kharkov Order of the Red Banner of Labor State University. A. M. Gorky, 1964, p. 50-51. 2. Equipment for polymer processing. Calculation and design. Kiev, “Technique, 1964, p. 151-153 (prototype).