SU90471A1 - Device for automatic shutdown of pumping units when the rods break - Google Patents

Description

The subject of the invention is a device for automatic shutdown of pumping units when a pump rod is broken during deep pumping of oil wells, which allows simultaneously with switching off an electric motor to signal an alarm at the control room, characterized by the use of two types of successive pulses of electric current during normal operation of the machine and termination of one of these pulses in the event of a break.

As is known, the existing pumping units in the event of a break in the rods continue to idle until the operator arrives, which consumes a large amount of energy, moreover, oil pumping stops during this period and the well is idle.

A distinctive feature of the invention is that the free suspension of the rods on the buffer spring is used for the short circuits of the first electric circuit, which is compressed upwards during the movement of the polished brush, which is accompanied by the closure of the contacts, while the downward stroke opens and opens the contact.

In the event of a decrease in load, which is possible when the rods are broken, the spring lengthens, thus preventing a further short circuit of the electrical circuit.

The contacts of the second electric circuit are installed one at the head of the balancer, and the second at the machine stand and at the set stroke of the polished brush closes and opens the circuit.

When the first electric circuit closes, the electromagnet turns the ratchet wheel one tooth in one direction, and when the second circuit closes, the ratchet wheel rotates one tooth in the opposite direction. When one of the electrical circuits is turned off, the ratchet wheel will rotate only in one direction and will turn off the electric motor with a fist, followed by an alarm.

FIG. 1 shows a pumping unit equipped with the above device; in fig. 2 shows the design of a polished suspension.

.№., 90471 ,,,

imTO fe filbSTaftfft one of the electrical circuits; in fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram., .., ...

; f A special buffer device shown in FIG. 2 is turned on between the polished rod. pm and the balance head. 2. The purpose of the tero is to supply current pulses at the time of the maximum load created by the deep pump and the weight of the pump rods, polished rod.

The buffer device is a steel case L assembled from. two halves, suspended. The upper part of the chain hanging from the head part of the balance of the pumping unit. Inside the casing bent; en stock. 2, supported by a special washer and a rigid spring 3, to the lower end of which is attached a polished rod 4. An adjusting screw-stop 5 is attached to the protrusion of the special washer, which closes the contact at the moment of maximum compression of the spring 6, send a current pulse to the mechanism L (Fig. 1).

Contacts 7 are also installed on the balancer, which close the electrical circuit when the balancer head travels down and gives a current pulse also to mechanism L.

Mechanism A is shown schematically in FIG. 3. On the axis 8 fixed ratchet wheel 9 and the disk 10 of the protrusion a.

When the contact b of the buffer device is closed, the current enters the electromagnetic coil 11, which attracts the pawl 12, which in turn turns the ratchet wheel 9 by one tooth.

When the contact 6 opens, when the pump rods come down, the pawl 12 is released and moves away from the ratchet wheel 9, leaving it in the turned position.

In order to avoid spontaneous rotation of the ratchet device during the reverse, during the course of the pawl, its axis 5 is braked.

During the further downward movement of the pump rods (with continued tilt of the balance bar), contact 7 is closed (Fig. 1) and current flows into the electromagnetic coil 13, which attracts the pawl 14, which in turn turns the ratchet wheel 9 by one tooth. As can be seen from the drawing, this rotation proceeds in the direction opposite to the previous rotation, i.e., the original position of the system is restored.

Thus, during normal operation of the depth pump, the ratchet wheel and disc will perform uniform swing movements.

In the event of a crash of the pump rods, the buffer device is unloaded and, when the balancer swings, contact 6 no longer closes due to the reduced load on the polished UITOK. Contact 7 (Fig. 1) continues to close with each swing of the balancer, giving current pulses to the coil 13.

Due to this, the dog 14 will rotate the ratchet wheel 9 successively a tooth after the tooth with each swing until the protrusion a of the disc closes contact 15.

The current caused by this short circuit acts on the electromagnetic relay (not shown in the drawing) and stops the electric machine of the pumping unit.

At the same time, a light or sound signal may be supplied, fed by the current passing through the relay.

A signal may also be given to the control room serving the rocking rocking chair. Subject invention

Claims (4)

1. An instrument for automatic shutdown of pumping units when the rods break during the deep-pumping operation of oil wells, allowing, simultaneously with switching off the electric motor, an alarm about the dispatch center characterized by the use of two types of successive electric current pulses during normal operation the machine and the termination of one of these pulses in the event of a broken rod, characterized in that for the closures of the first electrical circuit used free suspension rods on the buffer molecular spring which, when the polished rod motion upward is compressed, which is accompanied by the closure of the contacts, with the course of the downward razzhimaets and opens the contact. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the event of a decrease in load, which is possible when the rods break, the spring lengthens, thereby preventing further short-circuiting of the electrical circuit. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the contacts of the second electric circuit are installed one on the balance head and the second, respectively, on the machine stand and when the stroke of the polished rod is set, permanently closes and opens the circuit. 4. Device on PP. 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that when the first electric circuit closes, the current enters the electromagnetic coil, the pull plate with the rod, which in turn turns the ratchet wheel by one tooth, when the second circuit closes, the ratchet wheel rotates in the opposite direction with the help similar devices. When one of the electrical circuits is turned off, which is possible when the rods are broken, the ratchet wheel will rotate only in one direction and, with the help of a fist, will turn off the electric motor with subsequent signaling to the control room. No. 90471