SU893166A1 - Apparatus for separating root crops from impurities - Google Patents

Description

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This invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to devices for separating impurities from roots and vegetables used in machines for harvesting, for example, potatoes, beets and other roots and vegetables, as well as at stationary points for cleaning and sorting roots and vegetables.

A device is known for separating impurities from root crops, which contains a conveyor for a pile of root crops, the working screw of which is auger Cl.

The known device does not provide for the separation of large plant residues, for example, potato tops from the root and tuber crops.

Closest to the present invention is a device for separating impurities from root and tuber crops, which contains a conveyor for a pile of root and tuber crops, above the working branch of which is placed a screw with topper

with your fingers. The screw of the known device is provided with a mechanism for fastening fingers, ensuring the possibility of their exit in the zone of impact of the screw on a pile of root and tuber crops 2,

However, this device does not completely remove impurities, especially vegetable ootat: s, which are relatively small in size. For example, individual stalks of tops and

10 weeds are not caught by the fingers of the auger and are not separated from the root and tuber crops. The desire to improve the quality of removal of plant residues leads to an increase in the number

fs of the fingers on the auger or an increase in the speed of rotation of the auger, however, in this case, the damages of the root crops and their loss in the upper part of the auger sharply increase.

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Claims (2)

The purpose of the invention is to increase the removal efficiency of impurities by pre-dividing the heap of root and tuber crops into components. 3 This goal is achieved by the fact that in front of the screw with the booster fingers there is a rotating drum with a lower angular velocity with a spiral wound having the opposite direction and a greater height relative to the screw winding. Fig. 1 shows a device for separating impurities from root-and-vegetable crops, side view; in fig. 2 - the same, top view. The device is made of installed above the conveyor 1 and rotary on the axis 2 of the auger 3 with the topper fingers 4. The fingers 4 can be placed both between the turns of the screw 3 and in the turns themselves. The fingers 4 can be fixedly mounted on the screw 3. In this particular design of the device, the fingers 4 are hinged on a fixed axis 5 mounted inside the screw 3 and mixed about axis 2. In front of the screw 3, rotating in the same direction with it, but with a smaller angle speed. W, drum 6 with spiral wound 7, having a height H greater height Vi Viivka auger 3 and the opposite direction relative to it. The angular speed of rotation of the screw screw 3 and the height of its winding 1 are set on the condition of excluding the passage of conditioned root and tuber crops under the screw 3 between the turns of its winding. The angular speed of rotation of the drum 6 and the height of its winding are set on condition that the largest root crops under the drum 6 pass between the turns of its spiral winding 7. When the device is in operation, the heap to be cleaned includes roots and bushes, plant residues in the form of tops, weeds and stolons, and also, lumps of soil move on conveyor 1 to drum 6 carrying spiral winding 7. In the contact zone of the heap with spiral winding 7, root crops, cleared of soil, pass under the drum 6 between turns 7. Such Root and root crops under the drum 6 is provided by a small angular speed of rotation of the drum 6 and by selecting the optimum height H of the winding 7. The roots and roots of the roots under the drum 6 by the conveyor 1 are fed to the screw 3, which is an additional 6 BUT of the root crops and tubers, along the conveyor 1 moves them to side, for example, in the tank-collection of peeled roots. At the same time, the screw 3, which has an angular speed greater than the drum 6, and a lower height In of the winding, prevents the passage of the root and tuber crops under the screw 3, thereby eliminating their loss. In the contact area of the pile with spiral winding 7 of the drum 6, plant residues, namely, tops, weeds, stolons, windings of winding 7, are retained and accumulate in front of the drum 6 due to their small compared to the root crops, the specific gravity and good windage. The plant residues, accumulating in front of the drum 6, are entangled with each other, forming a stable bundle, which turns the windings 7 through the conveyor 1 towards the end of the drum 6. Next, the bundle of plant residues with conveyor 1 is fed to the screw 3, the protruding fingers 4 of which pick up the bundle, lift it up and throw it out behind the screw 3. Thus, the drum 6 with winding 7 is a separator of a pile of root and tuber crops into components, skipping the roots and vegetables and moving plant residues to the side Well, winding them into a stable bundle that already has 4 fingers of screw 3 easily captured and ejected. Preparation of the bundle of crop residues with drum 6 ensures reliable operation of screw 3 on softer modes and with fewer fingers 4, which also causes improvement in quality removal of impurities, reduction of damage and loss of root crops. In addition, the additional effect of Vitts winding 7 on soil lumps helps to improve their destruction and removal from the pile. I Claims of the invention A device for separating impurities from root and tuber crops, containing a conveyor for a pile of root and tuber crops, above which branch a screw with forking fingers is placed, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of removal of impurities by pre-separating the heap of fruit and flowers, in the same way, it is necessary to use the lines to go to the lines and to move the lines on the skin, to go to the lines on the skin, to get into the patterns, to get into the patterns, to get to the same, you need to go to the skin for the blackboard, to get into the patterns, to go to the skin, to go to the drawing, to get to the skin, to get the hairs from the roots, to go to the skin, to get the impurities from the root crops. With their fingers, a rotating drum with spiral winding is installed in the same direction with it, but with a lower angular velocity; handling and greater height relative to the coiled auger. S 6 Sources of information taken into account in examination 1, German Patent No. 1205330, cl. 45 С ЗЗ / ОО, 1962, 2. USSR author's certificate, № 562238, cl. A O1 D 33 / O8, 1977.