SU899075A1 - Double-layer filter for cleaning natural and waste water - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for water purification filtrivaniem and can be used in various branches of industry and agriculture, particularly for the purification of natural waters containing phyto-plankton ^5.

Known two-tier filter with a floating granular load, containing a housing with a filter load of particle size distribution of a heterogeneous composition, holding lattices and nozzles for supplying and discharging water [1].

This filter has high gryazoemkostyu but by filtration _{velocity) 5} Nia thereon is low.

The closest technical solution to the invention is a two-tier filter containing a housing with inlet and outlet pipes located in the housing in the upper tier of a granular filter load, the grain density of which is lower than the density of water, and in the lower tier, a heavy granular load and means for collecting and discharging industrial water [2].

The disadvantages of the known filter is that at increased filtering speeds it works as a two-layer filter, i.e. an additional filter film formed during filtration on the surface of a heavy load is excluded. In addition, during countercurrent washing in a known filter, contaminants from the lower tier fall into the upper, i.e. the desired quality of loading regeneration is not ensured.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the filtrate and increase productivity by reducing the flow rate of water for washing.

This goal is achieved in that a two-tier filter for treating natural and wastewater, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, located in the housing in the upper tier is a granular filter load, the grain density of which is lower than the density of water, and in the lower one a heavy granular load, and means for collection and disposal of washing water, a means for collecting and discharging washing water is located between the loadings themselves.

In addition, the loading density of the upper tier is 0.4-0.5 water density.

The drawing shows a filter, General view.

The filter consists of a housing 1, in which the upper tier 2 of a floating granular load is located, for example, of polystyrene foam, the density of which is 0.4-0.5 of the density of water. The latter allows increasing the filtration rate in comparison with the known one, while maintaining the stability of the tiered loading arrangement. The lower tier 3 consists of a heavy granular load, such as sand. A retaining grill 4 is installed above the upper tier 2 with a hatch for access to the upper drainage 5 and the lower drainage 6. A pocket 8 is located in the upper part of the filter from the side of the pipeline 7 supplying the initial liquid, and the distribution channel system 9- The upper drainage system is located in the interlayer space and is equipped with a discharge pipe 10, the lower drainage system is equipped with a discharge pipe 11.

The filter works as follows.

The source water through the pipeline 7 enters the pocket 8, from where it is sent to the distribution channels 9 and is evenly distributed over the filter area. Having passed the upper tier of 2 _L, water is freed from the main mass of contaminants and can be discharged through the upper drainage 5 and the discharge pipe 10.

If necessary, deep cleaning, the liquid, passing the upper tier 2, enters the lower tier 3, and then is discharged through the drainage 6 and pipeline 11.

When washing the filter, rinsing water is supplied from the top to the top tier, and from the bottom to the bottom. Washed contaminants are collected by drainage 899075 4 pulp 5 and discharged together with washing water through pipeline 10. The advantage of the proposed filter over the known one5 lies in the fact that the placement of the drainage in the inter-tier space of the drainage system allows the filtrate to be removed after the first tier with a final suspension concentration of 50-10 mg / l at 10 high filtration rates δ10 m / h, ensure the implementation of a guar-like counterflow flushing system with the discharge of flushing water through a drainage pipeline. During the washing period, the upper and lower tiers expand under the action of washing water, the filter load is diluted, the pore space is increased, the feed granules are intensively mixed and the suspended suspended solids are easily washed out, which provides a decrease in the filter height compared to the known one, since for expansion zagru ₂₅ zok when washing used inter-tier space;

Claims (2)

The invention relates to water purification devices by filtration and can be used in various fields of industry and agriculture, in particular, for the purification of natural waters containing phytoplankton. A two-flooded filter with a floating granular load is known, containing a body with a filter loading with a granulometrically homogeneous composition, retaining grids and nozzles for supplying and discharging water. The closest technical solution to the invention is a double-walled filter comprising a body with supply and discharge nozzles located in the body in the upper rusa a granular filter loading, the grain density of which is less than the density of water, and in the bottom — a heavy granular loading and collection means and discharge of industrial water 2. . ; A disadvantage of the known filter is that at higher filtration rates it works as a two-layer filter, i.e. the additional filter film formed during the filtration on the surface of the heavy charge is eliminated therein. In addition, during countercurrent rinsing in a known filter, the contaminants from the bottom rus get into the top one, i.e. the desired quality of regeneration of the feed is not achieved. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the filtrate and increase the productivity by reducing the water consumption for washing. The goal is achieved by the fact that a two-bay filter for purifying natural and waste waters, comprising a housing with supply and discharge pipes, a granular filter charge in the upper rune housing, the grain density of which is less than water density, and a heavy grain load in the lower runway, and means for collecting and discharging the wash water; means for collecting and discharging the wash water is located between the loading arms. In addition, the loading density of the upper russa is 0.4-0.5 of water. The drawing shows a filter, a general view. The filter consists of body 1, in which the upper cusp 2 is made of a floating granular load, for example, polystyrene foam, the density of which is 0, + - 0.5 water density. The latter allows an increase in the filtration rate as compared with the known, while maintaining the stability of the current location of the load. The lower rus 3 consists of a heavy granular load, for example sand. A restraining grating p is installed above the upper light-emitting bar 2 for accessing the upper drainage 5 and lower drainage 6, In the upper part of the filter from the side of the pipe. The pipeline 7 supplying the initial fluid is located in the pocket 8, and the system of distribution chutes 9- Top n the drainage system is located in the inter-core space and equipped on the outlet pipe 10, the lower drainage system is equipped with the outlet pipe 11, the filter works as follows the conduit 7 enters the pocket 8, from where it is sent to the distribution chutes 9 and is evenly distributed over the filter area. Passing the upper rus 2 water is freed from the bulk of the contaminants and can be discharged through the upper drainage 5 and the discharge pipe 10. If it is necessary to thoroughly clean, the liquid that passes through the upper rus 2 enters the lower rus 3 and then is drained through the drainage 6 and pipe wire 11. During the washing of the filter, the washing water is fed to the upper rus from the top down, and to the bottom one from the bottom up. The washed contaminants are collected by the drain 54 of the press 5 and removed along with the washing water through the pipeline 10. The advantage of the proposed filter compared to the known one is that the placement in the inter-drainage space of the drainage system allows the filtrate to be removed after the first rus with a final concentration of 50 10 mg / l at high filtration speeds of 810 m / h, to ensure the implementation of a cross-flow anti-flow washing system with the discharge of wash water through a drainage pipeline. During the washing period, the upper and lower Rus are under the action of the washing water expands, the filter charge becomes diluted, the pore space increases, the load granules are intensively mixed and the suspended suspended substances are easily washed out, which provides a decrease in the filter height compared to the known, since the interstitial space is used to expand the loads; Claim 1, a two-bay filter for purifying natural and waste waters, comprising a housing with supply and discharge connections, a granular filter charge in the upper track, the grain density of which is less than water, and a heavy grain load in the lower track, and Means for collecting and discharging wash water, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the filtrate and increase productivity by reducing the flow of water for washing, the means for collecting and discharging wash water is located rusami forward load 2 Dvuh tiered filter according to claim 1, characterized in that. the loading density of the upper russa is 0.4-0.5 of the density of water. Sources of information taken into account in examination 1, Zhurba M, G, Non-reagent water purification using polystyrene foam filters - Water supply and sanitary equipment, 1971, No. 8 , s, 25, 2. US patent Vf 3.it71,025, cl. 210-282, 1969 I f l / IN-I