SU898977A1 - Device for checking foreign impurities in seeds - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR MONITORING SEED CLARITY

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and is intended to control the contamination of sm.n agricultural crops. A device for monitoring seed debris is known, including an analyzer in which the display mechanism and the separation mechanism are placed, a photoelectric sensor connected to the separation mechanism through memory blocks and delays 1 However, the known device does not monitor the total grain debris. It is also known a device for monitoring grain debris, including a metering unit, an analyzer, a seed separation mechanism, memory blocks, delays and logic, an adder, a pulse counter, a threshold element, a weighing mechanism, and an indicator 2. However, the known device does not provide effective monitoring, as it does not allows to determine the total contamination of grain impurities. The purpose of the invention is to control the effectiveness of control. This goal is achieved by introducing into the device for monitoring grain debris an additional weight-measuring mechanism installed at the outlet of the dispenser and serially connected additional memory block, subtraction and division units, as well as an electric valve whose output is connected to the indicator, while the output is additional weight-measuring The mechanism is connected to the input .. m of the additional memory block, the output of which is connected to the second input of the division unit, and to the second input of the subtractor unit The mechanism of the load output. The drawing schematically shows a device for monitoring debris. The device includes a weighing mechanism 1 of the metering unit, a memory block 2, a subtraction unit 3, a weight measuring mechanism 4 bins with the seeds of the main crop, a dividing unit 5, an electric valve 6, an indicator 7, a photoelectric sensor 8 the presence of a particle in the analyzer, a memory block ty 9, delay block 10, logic element 11, adder 12, separation mechanism 13

luminescent and non-luminescent impurities, dispenser 14, single-piece seed feeding mechanism 15, analyzer 16, bunker for conditioned seeds of the main crop 17 and reset button 18.

The dispenser 14 is designed to collect a sample of seeds to be analyzed, which is a conventional hopper with a weighing mechanism 1 for controlling the mass of the sample. The latter has two choices. The signal at output 19 appears only when the set seed set is set, and at output 20 it is pulsed, only at the end of the analysis of this linkage, at the time of feeding the last particles of the sample to the analysis.

The memory unit 2 serves to memorize information on the availability of a ready seed sample for the time of its analysis.

Unit 3 reads to find the difference between the signals proportional to the mass of the hinge from memory 2 and the mass selected from the hinge of the seeds of the main crop from the weighing mechanism 4 of the hopper 17 with conditioned seeds of the main crop.

The division unit 5 is designed to find the ratio of the two signals. One proportional to the difference from the subtraction unit, on the other, proportional to the mass of the sample from the memory unit 2. The output of the division unit 5 is connected to the input of the electric valve 6.

The valve 6 passes the signal from the dividing unit to the indicator 7 only if there is a signal from the weighing mechanism 1 (output 20) of the dispenser 14.

The indicator records the total contamination of the seed mass with all impurities in relative units.

At the end of the analysis of the sample, the weighing mechanism 1 outputs a pulse signal (output 20) to valve 6, memory block 2 and to emptying hopper 17. Photoelectric sensor 8 is attached at the base of the analyzer upper funnel and consists of an illuminator and a photodetector.

The base of the upper funnel of the analyzer is made elongated with an internal lumen, a somewhat large overall grain size, with two through holes in the side surface of the extension, located one opposite the other, and inserted into the lenses of the illuminator and the photodetector. As the particle passes through the photoelectric sensor 8, the illuminator beam overlaps and a corresponding signal appears at the output of the photodetector.

The memory unit 9 stores the signal of the photoelectric sensor 8 for the duration of the passage of the grain through the analyzer.

The delay block 10 counts the shutter speed. -Smeni corresponding to the grain transit time through the analyzer, and has two pairs of contacts: through the normally closed initial state and during the counting time the signal is fed to the logic element 11 of the AND-OR-NOT type, and through the normally open contacts, after the exposure has expired, a signal is given to reset the memory unit. The adder 12 summarizes the signals from the photosensitive elements of the analyzer and sends a signal to the second input of the logic element 11, from the output of which the signal goes to the separation mechanism 13. The separation mechanism 13 is a rotary blade attracted by a spring. When a servo is triggered, the blade turns in the opposite direction and the impurity does not fall into the hopper 17.

The piece-feed mechanism 15 performs a discrete seed-feed to the analyzer and is made in the form of a groove, which oscillates in the horizontal plane under the action of a vibrator.

The analyzer 16 is a tube closed at the top and bottom with conical funnels. Inside the tube are mounted a source of UV radiation, closed by a filter of visible light, and photo cells closed by interference light filters with a narrow spectral bandwidth corresponding to the luminescent emission of seeds of the main crop.

The bunker 17 is equipped with a weighing mechanism 4, at the output of which a electric signal is proportional to the mass of the selected seeds of the main crop.

The reset button 18 serves to return the device to its original state at an arbitrary point in time.

In the dispenser 14, a sample of seeds of a given mass is collected. Its weight measurement mechanism, Mechanism 1, in this case, generates a signal (output 19), which turns on memory 2. Turning on the memory means that the sample is ready for analysis. From the metering unit, the seeds are fed into the mechanism of the unit P feed 15 and then through the latter, one grain is discretely distributed to the analyzer 16.

When the seeds of the main crop are fed to the analyzer, the flying grain is recorded by the photoelectric sensor 8, the pulse

The 5 photodetector of which is stored by the memory unit 9. The memory unit, in turn, starts the delay unit 10, which begins to count the set shutter speed. At the time of reference timing and in the initial state of the device, the signal from the output of the delay unit remains at the input of the logic element 11.

The particle, the span further, falls under ultraviolet radiation, which causes its luminescence.

Claims (2)

5 The luminescent glow of the seeds of the main crop reliably records the photocell of the analyzer, and as a result, the output of the adder 12 produces a signal that exists during the entire time the grain is in the analyzer 16. After the exposure has been counted, the delay unit 10 removes its signal from the logic element 11. However, the signal does not appear at the output of the logic element, since at the second input there is a signal from the adder 12. At the same time, the response delay block erases information about the presence of grain in the analyzer in the block n m ti 9. Thus the AND gate input is fed a constant signal again. Then, the grain rolls along the blade of the separation mechanism 13 into the bunker 17. If non-luminescent seeds of impurities (for example, oats sludge and others) or litter, as well as seeds of impurities with different spectral characteristics of luminescence, enter the analyzer, then the output of the adder 12 does not appear , and, in the absence of a signal at the output of the delay unit 10, at the output of the element 11, a signal appears from which the servo drive of the separation mechanism is activated. As a result, the blade rotates in the opposite direction and such a particle does not enter the bunker 17. A signal proportional to their mass is sent to the subtractor 3 from the weight measuring mechanism 4 of the bunker 17 with the seeds of the main crop. In the subtracting unit there is a difference of signals from memory 2 and weighing mechanism 4, which is then divided into a signal from memory 2 in dividing unit 5. The output signal of dividing unit 5, corresponding to the current value of the total contamination of the analyzed seeds, is fed to threshold element 6 As soon as the last particles of the sample from the hopper 14 are sent for analysis, its weighing mechanism 1 is triggered and with its pulse signal (output 20) opens valve 6; As a result, the ratio signal from the dividing unit 5, indicating the total contamination of the seeds of a sample of a given mass in relative units, is transmitted to the indicator 7. The signal of the same weight-measuring mechanism clears the memory of the unit 2 and the hopper 17 rotates around its axis is emptied and returned to its original position. The device is again ready for collection and analysis of the next sample of seeds. If it is necessary to return the device to its original position, the reset button 18 is pressed at an arbitrary moment. The application of the invention significantly improves the control efficiency since it makes it possible to determine the total contamination of seeds with all impurities, and can be used for the operational control of harvesting and post-harvest technologically. mi processes. Claims An apparatus for monitoring seed debris, including a metering device, an analyzer, a seed separation mechanism, blocks of memory, delays and logic, a summator, a pulse counter, a threshold element, a weighing mechanism, and an indicator that , in order to increase the control efficiency, it is equipped with an additional weighing mechanism, which is installed at the dispenser outlet, and is connected in this way with an additional pa.ty unit, subtraction and division units, and electrically. ventIle.m, the output of which is connected to the indicator, the output of the additional weighing mechanism is connected to the input of the additional memory block, the output of which is connected to the second input of the dividing unit, and the output of the weight measuring mechanism is connected to the second input of the subtractor. Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 239261, cl. A 01 C 1/00, 1967. 2. USSR author's certificate number 439261, cl. A 01 C 1/00, 1972 (prototype).