SU877561A1 - Intensity function determination device - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE FUNCTION OF INTENSITY

The invention relates to the measurement of the probabilistic characteristics of random processes and can be used in operational analysis information systems, in creating adaptive statistical analyzers, in measuring and computing complexes, as well as in automated control and management systems. The known device for measuring the intensity of random processes contains two comparators, an inequality block, two AND schemes, a generator of filling pulses, a reversible counter, a controlled pulse generator llj. In the indicated device, the final result of the measurement process is represented as middle frequencies of two pulse sequences. To calculate the actual value of the intensity function, it is necessary to first measure these frequencies and calculate their ratio, which is unacceptable in real-time information processing systems. The closest to the proposed one is the meter of the intensity function of a random signal, which includes an AIM modulator, a survey impulse generator, two amplitude selectors, two coincidence circuits, a trigger, a frequency divider, and a reversible pulse counter G2. A common drawback of these devices is the relatively low measurement accuracy due to the presence of analog amplitude-pulse signal conversion. The purpose of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy. The goal is achieved by the fact that the device for determining the intensity function, containing the display unit, counters, the reference level setting unit, the trigger whose output is connected to the synchronizer input, contains a difference discriminator, a binary-to-binary converter, a chatter switch, a block A subtractor and an analog-to-digital converter, whose informational input is a device input, the synchronizing input is connected to the first output of the synchronizer, and the output of the analog-to-digital converter dinene with the first input of the subtractor, the second input of which is connected to the first output of the reference level setting block, the second output of which is connected to the first information input of the difference discriminator, the second information input of which is connected to the output of the subtractor, and synchronization input of the discriminator of the difference is connected to the second output of the blue the chronizer, the first output of the discriminator of the difference is connected with the first contact of the first group and with the second KoHraKroMf of the second group of contacts of the switch, and the second output of the discriminator and the difference is connected to the second contact of the first group and the first contact of the second group of non-pushed switch contacts, the sub-contacts of which are connected to the inputs of the first and second counters, respectively, while the output of the first counter is connected to the trigger input and the output of the second counter via the binary code converter in binary-decimal code is connected to the input of the indicator block. The drawing shows a block diagram of the device. The device includes an analog-to-digital converter 1, a subtraction unit 2, a unit 3 setting reference levels, a discriminator 4 differences, a switch 5, counters 6 and 7, a binary code converter 8 in a decimal, display unit 9, trigger U and a synchronizer 11, including a pulse generator 12, a switch 13, and a delay element 14. The source of the signal under study is connected to the analog-to-digital converter 1, the outputs of which are connected to one input of the subtraction unit 2, other inputs of the reference levels connected to the unit 3, the outputs of blocks 2 and 3 connected to the discriminator 4 of the difference, the outputs of the latter are connected via switch 5 to counters 6 and 7. The inputs of counter 7 through converter 8 are connected to display unit 9, and the output of counter 6 via trigger 10 is connected to synchronizer 11, the outputs of which are connected to analog-digital pre photoelectret 1 and difference discriminator 4 apparatus operates as follows. 1 By definition, the intensity function is the ratio (WX)) where V (X) and F (x) are the density and distribution function of a random process, respectively. When measuring these quantities by the method of discrete samples, their estimates of G «-tg-1 P (X) -j; j-i are obtained where m is the number of cases when the process y (f) exceeds the level X; g is the number of cases in which the process falls within the interval X- () N is the total number of samples during the analysis; Vi is the width of the differential corridor. Then the estimate of the intensity function is: If you choose w 2, where and is 1,2, is an integer, (x) i.e. value is proportional to the value-. the intensity function, and the exponent n determines the comma in the number b. . The operation of the device depends on the position of the switch 5. In the position b of the switch, the intensity function is measured. The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 1 converts the instantaneous values of the process x () under investigation into a parallel binary code with a sample period determined by the synchronizer 11. A sequence of code values is fed to the subtraction unit 2, the second inputs of which are from unit 3 the reference levels are given a code proportional to the analysis level X. Therefore, the output of block 2 of the subtraction after each conversion is the value of the difference AX (-b) -X. Difference codes from block 2, as well as the code corresponding to the width of the differential corridor 1i, removed from block 3 setting reference levels, arrive at the discriminator 4 of the difference, which is constructed by pulses from the second output of the synchronizer 11. The analog-digital conversion gaps are separated in time (to eliminate the effects of transients). The discriminator 4 of the difference works according to the following rule: if, which corresponds to the fulfillment of the inequality X (i) X (measurement of the distribution function t (x)), then the signal appears at the first output of the discriminator. If O I, which corresponds to the x (i) X + 1i (measurement of density W (x) distribution), then the signal appears on the second output of the discriminator 4. The output pulses of the discriminator 4 of the difference through the switch 5 arrive at the counters 6 and 7. The capacitance of counter 6 is chosen equal to m 2. At the moment of overflow of the counter 6-of its output, a signal is removed that changes the state of trigger 10 (setting circuit of the initial state of trigger 10 is not shown for simplicity), while the synchronizer 11 stops generating clock pulses and the analysis ends. In counter 7, during the analysis time, the number p, which characterizes the intensity function in the range of levels XCx + ti) f (y,), accumulates. In the converter 8, the binary code of the counter 7 is converted into the binary-decimal code. Thereafter, the number E is presented for visual observation on the digital indicators of the display unit 9.

In position a of the switch 5, the outputs of the discriminator 4 of the difference are interchanged. Here, the inverse of the intensity function is measured, called the Mill ratio

t ...,

 - Change the value of X at the output of the block

3 sets of reference levels from O to K-1 (K is the number of differential corridors), you can get all-K values of the intensity function (Mill ratio) and build the corresponding curves.

Thus, using the process of comparing the values of the process, represented by codes, makes it possible to increase the accuracy of determining the intensity function of a random signal (Mill ratio). In addition, the final information is also represented by the code values that are set by the difference discriminator, the second

which information input is connected

to the output of the subtraction unit, and the synchronization input of the discriminator of the difference is connected to the second output of the synchronizer, the first VB1IND of the discriminator of the difference is connected to the first contact of the first and second contact of the second group of switch contacts, and the second output

the discriminator is connected with the second contact of the first group and the first contact of the second group of fixed contacts of the switch, the moving contacts of which are connected to the inputs of the corresponding

The first and second counters, while the output of the first counter is connected to the trigger input, and the output of the second counter is connected via a binary-to-binary converter to the input of the display unit.

Sources of information taken into account in the examination

1. USSR author's certificate number 496566, cl. G, 06 F 15/36, 1974.

2. USSR author's certificate, № 208026, cl. Q 06 F 15/36, 1967 (prototype). Can be displayed on any display and displayed on digital indicators.

Claims (1)

 A formula for determining a function of intensity, containing an indication unit, counters, a reference level setting block, a trigger, the output of which is connected to the synchronizer input, which is For the sake of accuracy, it contains a differential discriminator, a binary-to-binary converter, a jumper, a subtraction unit and an analog-to-digital converter, whose information input is an input of the device, the synchronizing input is connected to the first synchronizer output And the output of the analog-digital-converter coupled to the first input of subtracting block kotorrgo second input connected to the first output reference level setting unit, a second output connected to the first information