SU866024A1

SU866024A1 - Branching-off junction of power water spillway hps

Info

Publication number: SU866024A1
Application number: SU802863532A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Виктор Фролович Илюшин; Светлана Николаевна Крылова
Original assignee: За витель
Priority date: 1980-01-04
Filing date: 1980-01-04
Publication date: 1981-09-23

Description

Изобретение относится к водопроводящим сооружениям гидроэлектростанций, имеющих совмещенный подземный энергетический и водосбросной тракт, а именно к узлам их разветвления.The invention relates to waterworks of hydroelectric power plants having a combined underground energy and spillway, and in particular to their branching nodes.

Известен совмещенный энерго-водо- * сбросной тракт ГЭС, включающий водоприемник с сороудерживающей решеткой, подводящий энерго-водосбросной туннель, турбинные водоводы и водосбросной туннель [Ц. ”A well-known combined energy-water- * discharge path of a hydroelectric power station, including a water intake with a trash holding grid, leading an energy-spillway tunnel, turbine conduits and a spillway tunnel [Ts. ”

Недостатком этого энерго-водосбросного тракта Является сложность . возведения водоприемника с сороудерживающими решетками и сороочистными устройствами, особенно в случае строительства глубинных водоприемников башенного типа в районах с высокой сейсмической активностью.The disadvantage of this energy-spillway is complexity. the construction of a water intake with trash racks and waste treatment devices, especially in the case of the construction of deep tower water inlets in areas with high seismic activity.

Наиболее близким к изобретению техническим решением является узел разветвления ; энерго-водосбросного тракта гидроэлектростанции, включающий подводящий туннель.с уравнитель2 ной шахтой, турбинные водоводы, сороудерживающие решетки и водосбросной туннель [2]·The technical solution closest to the invention is a branching assembly; energy-spillway tract of a hydroelectric power station, including a supply tunnel with equalizing shaft, turbine water conduits, trash lattices and a spillway tunnel [2] ·

Недостатки устройства - большие потери напора на решетках во входных . сечениях турбинных водоводов, так как при ограниченных размерах подводящего туннеля практически невозможно < развить поверхность решеток до приемлемых размеров. При малых размерах площадей решеток входные скорости потока и расположении решеток в нижней части подводящего туннеля мусор будет заклиниваться в отверстиях решётки й дополнительно увеличивать ее сопротивление. Очистка мусора, заклинившегося в решетке, очень затруднительна. Указаяные недостатки значительно снижают эффективность узла разветвления в целом.The disadvantages of the device are large pressure losses on the gratings in the input. sections of turbine water conduits, since with limited dimensions of the supply tunnel it is practically impossible to develop the surface of the gratings to acceptable sizes. With small sizes of the areas of the grates, the input flow rates and the location of the gratings in the lower part of the supply tunnel, the debris will jam in the holes of the grate and further increase its resistance. Cleaning debris stuck in the grate is very difficult. Pointing disadvantages significantly reduce the efficiency of the branching assembly as a whole.

Цель изобретения - повышение эф- ‘ фективности и узла разветвления путем уменьшения потерь напора и улучшения очистки решеток.The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and branching unit by reducing head losses and improving the cleaning of gratings.

Поставленная цель достигается тем, что сороудерживающая решетка установлена в нижней части уравнительной шахты, причем турбинные водоводы присоединены к ней выше решетки, а водосбросной туннель соединен с донной частью уравнительной шахты, кроме того, донная часть уравнительной шахты может быть выполнена конической, а сороудерживающая решетка, может быть выполнена куполообразной формы и установлена вершиной в направлении верха уравнительной шахты.This goal is achieved by the fact that the debris trap is installed in the lower part of the equalization shaft, with turbine conduits connected to it above the grate, and the spillway tunnel is connected to the bottom part of the equalization shaft, in addition, the bottom part of the equalization shaft can be made conical, and the debris trap, can be made dome-shaped and mounted with the apex in the direction of the top of the leveling shaft.

На фиг. 1 показан энерго-водосбросной тракт, продольный разрезζ на фиг. 2 - узел I на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 разрез А-А на фиг. 2; на фиг. 4 разрез Б-Б на фиг. 3.In FIG. 1 shows a drainage path, longitudinal section ζ in FIG. 2 - node I in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3, section AA in FIG. 2; in FIG. 4 section BB in FIG. 3.

Узел разветвления энерго-водосбросного тракта включает подводящий туннель 1, в конце которого расположена уравнительная шахта 2, в нижней части шахты размещена сороудерживающая решетка 3, перекрывающая все поперечное сечение шахты 2. Решетка может быть плоской или куполообразной с вершиной купола, обращенной вверх шахты.The branching section of the energy-spillway includes a supply tunnel 1, at the end of which a leveling shaft 2 is located, a trash screen 3 is located at the bottom of the shaft, overlapping the entire cross section of the shaft 2. The grid can be flat or dome-shaped with the top of the dome facing upwards of the shaft.

Над решеткой 3 в стенке уравнительной Шахты 2 врезаны входные отверстия 4 турбинных водоводов 5.Above the grate 3 in the wall of the equalization Mine 2, the inlet holes 4 of the turbine water conduits 5 are cut.

Дойная часть уравнительной шахты 2 выполнена в виде конусй 6, к нижней части которого подсоединен водосбросной туннель 7.The milking part of the leveling shaft 2 is made in the form of cones 6, to the lower part of which a spillway tunnel 7 is connected.

Работает узел разветвления следующим образом.The branching unit operates as follows.

При работе ГЭС вода по подводящему туннелю 1 поступает в нижнюю часть в ни тельной шахты 2 и оттуда, пройдя через сороудерживающую решетку 3 - в турбинные водоводы 5. Мусор, захватываемый потоком из водохранилища, частично поднимается восходящим потоксм воды к’ нижней поверхности решетки. Со временем, благодаря насыщению водой, а также под действием собственного веса и обратным токам воды из'турбинных водово дов при регулировании агрегатов, мусор от решеток отстает и опускается на дно 6 шахты 2, откуда он периодически смывается водой путем открытия концевого затвора на водосбросном туннеле 6. Коническая форма донной ; части шахты обеспечивает надежное удаление мусора путем смыва.During the operation of the hydroelectric power station, water flows through the inlet tunnel 1 to the lower part of the mine shaft 2 and from there, passing through the trash holding grid 3, to turbine conduits 5. The garbage trapped by the stream from the reservoir partially rises with the upward flow of water to the ’lower surface of the grate. Over time, due to saturation with water, as well as under the influence of its own weight and reverse currents of water from the turbine conduits when regulating the aggregates, the garbage lags behind the grates and sinks to the bottom 6 of shaft 2, from where it is periodically washed off by opening the end gate on the spillway tunnel 6. The conical shape of the bottom; parts of the shaft ensures reliable removal of debris by flushing.

Изобретение позволяет существенно 10 повысить надежность работы узла без дополнительных затрат.The invention allows significantly 10 to increase the reliability of the node without additional costs.

Claims

The invention relates to water supply structures of hydroelectric power stations having a combined underground energy and water discharge route, namely, their branch points. Known combined energy-water discharge path HPP comprising receiving water with trash carts conductive lattice energy-spillway tunnel, penstocks and spillway hydrochloric tunnel f 1 3. The disadvantage of this energy-yvl a spillway tract complexity erecting water intake grilles with sorouderzhivakschimi soroochistiBpsh and devices, particularly in the case of the construction of deep water receiving towers in areas with high seismic activity. The closest solution to the invention is a branching node; the power and drainage path of a hydroelectric power plant, including a supply tunnel with an equalizing shaft, turbine water conduits, a lattice depletion and a drainage tunnel 2, Disadvantages of the device are large head losses on the grids in the inlets. sections of turbines of water lines, since with limited dimensions of the supply tunnel it is almost impossible to develop the surface of the grids to an acceptable size. If the grating areas are small in size, the input flow rates and the location of the gratings in the lower part of the supply tunnel debris will jam in the holes of the grating and further increase its resistance. Cleaning debris stuck in the grid is very difficult. The decree significantly reduces the efficiency of the branching unit as a whole. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and branching unit by reducing head losses and improving the cleaning of the grids. 3 The goal is achieved by the fact that the trash grate is installed in the lower part of the balancing shaft, moreover, the turbine conduits are connected to it above the grate, and in the borehole tunnel it is connected to the bottom of the balancing shaft, moreover, the bottom part of the balancing shaft can be made conical, and the trash can the lattice can be made dome-shaped and set to the top in the direction of the top leveling shaft. FIG. 1 shows the energy-water path, a longitudinal section in FIG. 2 — node 1 in FIG. I; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 is a section BB in FIG. 3. The branching point of the power-water-sparing path includes a connection w; a tunnel 1, at the end of which an equalizing shaft 2 is located; in the lower part of the shaft there is a scaffold grate 3, which overlaps the entire cross section of the shaft 2. The lattice can be flat or domed with the top dome facing upwards mine. Above the grating 3 in the wall of the equalizing shaft 2 are the inlet openings 4 of the turbine conduits 5. The bottom part of the leveling shaft 2 is made in the form of a taper 6, to the lower part of which a spillway tunnel 7 is connected. in a skinny way. When the HPP is in operation, water passes through the supply tunnel 1 to the lower part 5gja in the negative shaft 2 and from there passes through the trash rack 3 to the turbine water lines 5. The mud captured by the flow from the reservoir rises partially to the lower surface of the lattice . Over time, thanks to the water, as well as under its own weight and the return flow of water from the turbine water lines when regulating the aggregates, the garbage from the grids lags behind and falls to the bottom 6 of mine 2, from which it is periodically discharged with water by opening the end gate on the spillway tunnel 6. The conical shape of the bottom part of the mine ensures reliable removal of garbage by crushing. The invention allows to significantly increase the reliability of the operation of the node without additional costs. Claim 1. The branching point of the power and drainage path of a hydropower plant, including a supply tunnel with an equalizing pipe, turbine water lines, scavenging grids and a drainage tunnel, characterized in that, in order to increase its efficiency by reducing head loss and improving the lattice, it was possible to work. the lattice is installed in the lower part of the equalizing shaft, with the turbine conduits connected to it by the Bbmie lattice, and the spillway tunnel is connected to the bottom part of the equalizing shaft. 2. The knot of claim 1, distinguishing between AND AND C I, in that the bottom part of the equalizing shaft is made conical. 3. Node on PP. 2, which is based on the fact that the trash grate is made of a dome-shaped form. and set apex towards the top of the equalizing shaft. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Express-info-4. VINITI, series Hydropower, 1974, No. 21, p. 7, fig. four.

2.Albom hydrotechnical objects, starting construction in the period 1976-1990.yy. GlavNIIproekt, 1975, p. 31.

Z

“+

FIG. 2