SU829275A1 - Apparatus for expanding parts - Google Patents

Description

I

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and, in particular, can be used in the restoration of worn out mounting holes of body parts, for example, in mechanical engineering and repair production.

Known machine for rolling rings with hydraulic drive for feeding the outer rolling roller. This machine is activated under the influence of a rolling ring that is increasing in diameter, the drive is switched off using certain parts: sector, friction clutch, etc. l.

When the ring is rolled out, coolant is supplied to it, which flows down the inclined table. The design of the device does not provide for rolling out the seat of the body part. The machine design does not provide rolling of the material along the ends of the ring, but only

ON forming a cylindrical surface. In this case, it is impossible to get the stock first, and then process it.

It is also known a device for rolling, which contains a cutting table, a mechanical drive fixed on it, mandrels installed in the roll mandrels, a pneumo-electric sensor 2.

The drawbacks of the device are that it cannot be used to roll out the mounting holes of body parts due to the fact that the rollers of the rotating mandrel do not have a mechanism that allows the body parts to rotate when the mandrel with the rollers is stationary. This situation is necessary when the circular burner or wall inductor is heated details for the purpose of its deformation. The ring is rolled from one side to the top, this position cannot ensure sufficient radial deformation for a poorly deformable material, such as cast iron. There is also no rolling of rings on a cylindrical surface with simultaneous control on a rolled diametral size. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the product by obtaining an optimal stock while restoring the seating surface. This goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with a heating element, installed between the rollers, a mechanism for adjusting the motion of the lower and upper mandrel, installed under the lifting table, a mechanism of rotation of the raskalivshimi part, mounted on the lifting table, an element for raising the rolls of the required diameter, mounted on the upper mandrel, with the axes of the upper and lower rolls located in vertical planes, as well as the fact that the control mechanism for the motion of the lower and upper mandrels is designed as a rocker arm, under the lift table, movable adjustable middle support of the rocker arm, two floating supports, located at the ends of the rocker arm, fixed stationary support in the form of two threaded sleeves, support bearing and lifting spring, one of the Two floating supports connected with the fixed adjustable support; The mechanism of rotation of the rolled out part is made in the form of a removable plate with a father ,, drive for rotating the plate, mounted on a plate of a spring-loaded cone and a bracket with extendable fingers; The element for advancing the rolls to the required diameter during processing is made in the form of a ring with spiral portions on the inner surface. Figure 1 schematically shows a device for rolling; in Fig.2, view A in Fig.1; on fig.Z - section BB in figure 1; figure 4 is a view In figure 1; on fig.Z - section GG on figure 1; figure 6 - device for rolling with calibrating (processing) rollers under the nominal section; 7 is a view of D in FIG. The device consists of a lifting stol I, on which a mechanism is fixed, an actuator for rotation of a pole 4 and 2, consisting of a worm gearbox 3 and an electric motor 4 (Fig. The case of rotation of the body part with fixed mandrels is made in the form of a removable plate 5 on which is mounted the machined body part 6, centered along the aperture and along the axis of the mandrels 7 and 8 with a cone 9, spring-loaded on the support 10. Moreover, the axes of the mandrels 7 and 8 coincide with the axis of the sleeve 11, which is fixed in the frame 12 (Fig. 3), which is connected to the base table 1. Support 10 inserted into the rack 13. The gear part 6 is fixed on the plate 5 on the finger 14 under the second mounting hole and the bracket 15 adjacent to the base surface of the body part. The spring-loaded fingers 16 enter the base holes in the surface of the connector part 6. 17, arranged at an angle, the axes of the upper and lower rolls 17 being located in the same vertical plane (see FIG. 3). The upper mandrel 7 (FIG. I) enters the sleeve 18, which is connected to the post 19, ending at the bottom with a hinge 20 and yoke 21 Yoke 2 run It is equipped with a movable support 22, which can be moved and fixed by a screw 23 (FIG. four) . At one end of the yoke is a strut 19c with a floating hinge 20, and at the other end with a floating hinge 24 with a lever 25 and a spring 26. The hinge 24 and the lever 25 are made in one piece with the strut 27 supporting the rack and pinion 13, driven by handles 28. The rack 19 is fixed in the vertical plane by the guides 29, which are fixed with the base of the table 1 (Fig. 2). The stoic 19 is made from the bottom with the support 30, consisting of two sleeves 31 and 32 connected by a cut, a support bearing 33, a lever 34 (FIG. 2) fixed on the upper thrust bearing 31. The hinge 20 is complete with a finger 35 on which the spring 36 is mounted. The mandrels 7 and 8 are centered along the axis of the rod 37, on which the spring 38 is mounted. Inside the stem 37, channels are made to which the leads of the pneumatic electric sensor 39 are connected (Fig. 7). Through the barrel of the stem 37, the inlets are supplied from flexible pipes from above, and in the middle of the stem 37 there are nozzles 40 (Fig. 1), connected to the wall of the opening of the part 6. The sensor 39 is engaged in a control circuit with an electric motor 4 (Fig. 7) and is necessary for active control of the size of the hole being repaired. The keys 37 are fixed to the rod 37, which are inserted into the longitudinal grooves in the mandrels 7 and 8. The mandrel 7 is articulated with slots with sleeve 18, which in turn is also articulated with slots with sleeve 11 fixed to the frame 12 (FIG. .7) and the base of the table 1 (fig.i).

Figure 6 shows the fixture with calibrating rollers 42 and unclenching cone 43, which is made with a ledge.

The rolls 17 are made adjustable in diameter DQ - for an element of various sizes of the fitting hole of part 6 (FIG. 1) by driving the rolls to the required diameter, made in the form of a ring 44 with an internal 25 surface, made in helical sections (FIG. 3). The retainers 45 hold the rollers 17 in a locked position (see fig. Heating element 46 (gaseous rail or inductor) is inserted into the seat of part 6. The device works as follows. In preparation for working on the desolate table 1, plate 5 is mounted on gear 2 according to the arrangement of the fingers 14 and 16 and the bracket 15, depending on the center-to-center distance and the base attachment surfaces. Part 6 is mounted on the plate 5, fixed by the fingers 14 and 16. Then table 1 is lifted up. the hole of the seat space heating element 46. The bracket 15 ensures that the center of the landing place, the part 6, and the common center of the tool coincide. Relay 8 is mounted on the support 10 through the window of the bracket 15 (Fig. 7). The support 10 rises by rack and pinion 13 by turning the handle 28 and it is fixed by them. At the same time, the cone 9 enters the lower landing hole of the body part 6, the centering hole and the upper hole along the lower one. A rack 27 is inserted from below into the rack and pinion housing.

gear 13 with lever pedal 25 and then rests on the rail.

The rack 19 is lifted by the spring 36, the rack and pinion gear is unlocked by the handles 28, the rod 37 is lifted by the spring 38, so as not to interfere with the installation of the mandrels 7 and 8. When the preliminary operations during the preparation of the part

6k recovery by heating and rolling the upper seat

finished, proceed to immediate processing.

A hydraulic press (FIG. 1) is pressed in the direction of the arrow on top of the support of the rod 37, while the rod compresses the spring 38. The rod enters the grooves of the mandrels 41

Claims (4)

7 and 8, as well as into the groove of the sleeve 18, which, with its slots, enters the grooves of the sleeve 11 fixed in the frame 12 (FIG. 7) and connected to the base of the table 1. The nozzles 40 are installed opposite the seating surface of the part 6. When the rod bearing support 37 is pressed A mandrel 7 is fed down to the sleeve 18 and the rollers 17 presses the upper end surface of the body part 6, and the mandrel 8 moves upwards and the rollers 17 presses the bottom of the part 6 below. Pressure is transmitted from the bottom through the stand 19, which is fed down with the sleeve 18, and the floating hinge 20 presses the yoke 21, which, through the movable support 22 and the floating hinge 24, lifts up the post 27, the axle and the rack and pinion rail 13, previously unlocked with the handles 28. The rail transmits an upward movement to the support 10 and the mandrel 8, which together with the mandrels 7 are crimped 17 above and below the seating surface of the part 6. Thus, the bottom wall is unloaded, quoting center cone 9, otherwise the body part 6 could be crushed. The restriction of the stroke of the rack 19 downwards is made by the support 30, which is adjusted by the lever 34 (FIG. 2), by turning the sleeve 31 (FIG. 1) relative to the sleeve 32 fixed on the foundation 1gge. The stroke is adjusted when debugging the device before operation. In this case, the thrust bearing 33 transmits the pressure perceived by the floating hinge 20 to the support 30. The movable support 22 provides the necessary stroke of the upright 27 upwardly with a screw 23 and lever 34 (FIG. 2). Regulation of the stroke of the mandrel 8 or its increase compared with the downward movement of the mandrel 7 is necessary in the case when the bottom of the casting surface of the part 6 has a significant roughness compared to the upper treated surface. After creating the necessary pressure on the wall of the part 6, providing the necessary adjusted deformation by the lever 34 (Fig. 2), the wall is first heated by the heating element 46 (Fig. 1), and then the electric motor 4 is turned on. The engine 4 causes the housing part 6 to rotate on the plate 5 and on the gear 2 and fixed by the bracket 15, fingers 14 and 16 and cone 9. Rotation is carried out through the reducer 3. The rollers 17 of the mandrels 7 and 8 open the upper wall of the part 6. The heated material flows inward to the center of the hole ensuring necessary allowance. After the formation of an allowance, the sensor 39 (Fig. 7) switches off the electric motor 4 and the heating element 46 (Fig. 1). After that the races of the rolling mandrels 7 and 8 are replaced. The load is removed from the support of the rod 37. The rod is removed from the mandrels 7 and 8 by the spring 38. The stand 19 is lifted by the spring 36 sitting on the finger 35. By the spring 26 the stand 27 tilts, because the hinge 24, together with the rocker 21, is lowered down, releasing the rack 27 from the rack-and-pinion housing 13. The rake is lowered, the support 10 is pulled down. The mandrel is removed through the window of the bracket 15 (FIG. 7) and the mandrel with the calibrating rollers 42 is installed (FIG. 6) into the sleeve 18, and the cone 43- onto the support 10. Then the processing is repeated, but without heating the seating surface of the part 6. The nominal size is obtained by exponential pressure on the rod support 37 by pressing the punch while rotating the body part. With this cone 43, the calibrating rolls 42 and, when the step of the cone is pressed into the roller support 42, the body part opening Rolling becomes the nominal size. The control of the nominal size obtained is carried out by the nozzles 40 and is hinged by the sensor 39, as in the first operation, upon receipt of the maximum necessary allowance. A command to stop the motor and raise the press punch is supplied by the gun 39 when the nominal hole size is reached. Raskatochny fixture combining the restoration of parts with local heating and machining. The restored seat receives a hardened surface for gray cast iron. The productivity of the recovery process is 5–10 times higher than that of residual and electron rubbing. The geometry of the axes of the bore holes and the tolerances for non-center distances are provided as for a new part. Further machining is not required. Claim 1. A device for rolling parts, comprising a lifting table, a mechanical drive mounted on the table, upper and lower mandrels, upper and lower rollers mounted in the mandrels, rolls, a pneumatic-electric sensor connected with the drive, so that improving the quality of products by obtaining an optimal allowance for restoring the seating surface; it is equipped with a heating element installed between the rollers, a mechanism for adjusting the stroke of the lower and upper mandrel installed below the lifting the table, the mechanism of rotation of the rolling part mounted on the lifting table, and the element for extending the rolls to the required diameter, mounted on the upper mandrel, with the axes of the upper and lower rolls arranged in vertical planes. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for adjusting the stroke of the lower and upper mandrels is made in the form of a rocker arm, installed under the lifting table, a movable adjustable middle support of the rocker arm, two floating supports located at the ends of the rocker arm, a fixed adjustable support in two threaded sleeves, a support bearing and a lifting spring, one of the two floating supports connected with a fixed adjustable support. 3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotational mechanism of the rolling part is made in the form of a removable plate with a finger, the rotational drive of the plate and a spring-loaded cone mounted on the plate and a bracket with retractable fingers. 4. The device according to claim 1, that is, with the fact that the item is at f is l pta.1 5O of the movement of the rolls to the required diameter during processing is made in the form of a ring with spiral portions on the inner surface. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 86018, cl. In 21 N 1/02, 1949. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 84453, class, B 21 N 1/02, 1948. 2 B-B / 7 ff eleven eleven