SU810796A1 - Detergent "rel'sin" for claening railways - Google Patents

Description

one

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to sietic detergent preparations, which are not intended for the manual cleaning of metro and railroad tracks from lubricating oils, atmospheric and metallic dust.

The use of technical detergents for cleaning metal surfaces is known. One of the most common methods for removing oily contaminants from metal surfaces is a method of degreasing with organic solvents.

Known, for example, ireiarat containing kerosene, oleic acid, triethylamine and tricresol.

The advantage of the cleaning method with detergents with the presence of solvents is the high dissolving ability of organic solvents with respect to fats of animal, vegetable and mineral origin. However, there are a number of significant drawbacks limiting the areas of application. Solvents are fire-explosive volatile liquids with high toxicity.

Most widely used in industry for cleaning solid metal surfaces from oily soils are silk detergent compositions. Their

when used, it provides high economic efficiency, which, in addition to low toxicity and complete knife-warding, compared to solvents, makes them the most widely used in the national economy.

A detergent is recommended that is recommended for cleaning railway tracks, composition, g / l:

ten

Caustic iatr

15.0

Soda Ash 12.5 Trisodium Phosphate 25.0

Metasilicate sodium 10.0 2.0

Emulsifier OP-72,0

(mono- and dialkylpheno polyglycol ether) I.

An aqueous solution of this composition requires heating, since the highest washing capacity is reached at a temperature above 50-60 ° C;

a thorough rinsing with clean water of the washed rails is required to remove precipitating salts, which may cause metal corrosion; The use of cleaning alkaline detergent solutions for cleaning rails in tunnels is not possible due to the increased electrical conductivity.

The aim of the invention is to increase the cleaning ability while maintaining the electrical conductivity of the tracks.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the detergent containing it, its water, surface-active substance and additives, as a surfactant contains potassium salt of phosphoric acid di (alkyl polyethylene glycol) ether (oxphos), as additives it contains diethum yulamide and carbamide and in addition, the product contains benzyl alcohol 1 or methyl chloroform, glycerin and ethyl cellosolve at the following components, wt. %:

Kaliev salt of di- (alkylpolyethyleneglycol) phosphoric acid ester 3-6 Dietapolamid0.5-3

Urea 15-25

Pepsyl alcohol or methyl chloroform 5-10

Glycerin 10-15

Ethylcellulose 10-15

WaterEverything

Preferably, beisyl alcohol or methyl chloroform and ethyl cellosolve and glonperip should be used in a weight ratio of 1: 2: 2 to 1: 1.5: 1.5, respectively.

The phosphorus-containing surfactant — oxnphos — represents the potassium salt of di- (alkylpolyethenyleglycolic) phosphoric acid ester as an amber liquid among the viscosity with a 99% content of basic protein. The impurities contain no more than 0.2% inorganic phosphates, no more than 0.002% iron and up to 1.0% water. As a phosphorus-containing surfactant, oxyphos has the ability to inhibit the corrosion of black metals, which was the rationale for its choice for the introduction of prenarata. In addition, oxyphos is soluble in most polar and non-polar liquids.

Taking into account that this drug is not intended for cleaning the railroad tracks of the metro manually, enter glycerin into its composition. The addition of glycerin makes it possible to protect the skin of the hands from exposure to dyes, organic solvents and thinners, facial lubricating oils, tar, fuel oil, ezhy, metal dust, etc.

In addition, glycerinated solutions freeze at low temperatures, which will increase the commodity index, as the cloud point in storage conditions at low temperatures.

Ethyl cellosolve (ethylene glycol monoethyl ether) is a colorless liquid with a faint odor, it mixes well with both polar and non-polar solvents.

Carbamide is used to improve the compatibility of surfactant solutions and solvents. The introduction of urea helps to increase the inhibitory ability of detergents against atmospheric corrosion. Benzyl alcohol is a solvent that, along with good dissolving ability, also has emulsifying ability. The benzyl solution in water is slightly soluble, neutral, practically odorless, and evaporates extremely slowly.

Considering that the industrial production of this product is extremely small, the possibility of replacing it with another solvent-chloroform was found. The introduction of methyl chloroform instead of benzyl alcohol does not affect the decrease in my ability, and the value of specific conductivity decreased.

Methyl chloroform is a non-flammable organic solvent, it is mixed with many organic solvents, and it is practically soluble in water. It is a good solvent for oils, fats and resins, it has high stability and relatively low toxicity.

The dialkylolamides are light brown liquid. Dpalkylolamides are incorporated into liquid detergent formulations in order to ensure the softening effect of the compositions on the skin during their irimenepia.

Taking into account that the rails of the metro track are electrical use of the automatic blocking system, there were primer surfactants and active additives with low electrical conductivity.

The proposed detergent preparation contains the optimum ratio of components at which the required washing capacity is achieved with the electrical conductivity of tap water.

The technology of the proposed detergent preparation consists in the mechanical mixing of the initial components at 20-25 ° C, while gas emissions and waste water are not formed.

The process of obtaining a detergent preparation can be arranged as batch or continuous, with each component being loaded after the previous one has completely dissolved.

Comparative tests of the described and known detergent are presented.

The compositions, reflecting the content of the components of the lower, middle and upper limit, are given in table. one.

Claims (2)

The prepared compositions are homogeneous transparent liquids from light yellow to brown. The electrical conductivity in the electrical cell with the R-38 rheochord bridge and the washing ability of the rotating faceplate were determined. TABLE 11 CI 1 The detergency of the composition is determined by the method of three small-scale operations: artificially contaminating the steel part, washing the part in the detergent solution of the compositions, and evaluating the detergent by the amount of remaining detail of the artificial contaminant. A natural contamination removed from the subway tracks is applied to the surface of the steel part. The contaminated part is washed on the above instrument. The washing ability is expressed by the difference in weight of the steel part before and after washing. The results of measuring the conductivity and washing ability of these compositions are given in Table. 2. t a b and u As can be seen from the data of table 2, samples of preparations have a washing ability of 94.7-98.4% (without additional heating), i.e., much more than the washing ability of a known agent. The value of the electrical conductivity of the tested compositions is significantly lower than the value of the specific electrical conductivity of the known device. Claim 1. Detergent for cleaning railways, containing water, surface-active substance and additives, which is, in order to increase detergency with preservation of electrical conductivity of railways, as surface-active the substance contains a potassium salt of dp- (alkylpolyethylene glycol ether) of phosphoric acid, it contains diethanolamide and urea as additives and additionally contains benzyl alcohol or methyl chloroform, glycerin and ethyl cellosolve at the next cooTHoniennn components, weight. %: Kaliev salt of di- (alkyl polyethylene glycol ether) of phosphoric acid 3-6 Diethanol. that it contains benzyl alcohol, methyl chloroform, and ethyl cellosol sol, glopperin in a weight ratio of from 1: 2: 2 to 1: 1.5: 1.5, respectively. Sources of information taken into account at the examination 1. Remeidization on the use of new tools for cleaning machines and parts during repairs. M., GOSNITI, 1975, p. 52-64. 2. Leontiev V.I. Mechanization of cleaning metro rails. Sat “Proceedings of the second conference of the country's metros, vol. 2, L., 1971, p. 184-187 (prototpp).