SU807186A1 - Elastic oscillations generator - Google Patents

Description

(54) THE GENERATOR OF ELASTIC OSCILLATIONS

I

Ideotea refers to the vibration technique, can be used in various sectors of the national economy for the excitation of directional mechanical vibrations and, in particular, for vibration seismic prospecting of minerals.

Elastic vibration oscillators (vibrators) are known), in which electric motors of rotational or reciprocating motion, containing elastic elements, are used as exciters. In some cases, the role of elastic elements is performed by steel springs, springs, torsions, rubber or rubber-metal springs, which can be united by one term - solid-state elastic elements U.

Vibrators are known in which elastic cylinders filled with gas 2 play the role of elastic elements. However, both solid-state elastic elements and gas elastic shells have a limited service life due to fatigue stresses arising in them during cyclic deformations during oscillation The greater the frequency and amplitude of the excited oscillations, the smaller the service life of the elastic element. The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for molding concrete products. It is a generator of mechanical oscillations and consisting of an exciter of oscillations and a hydraulic cylinder. In the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder there is a piston connected by a rod with a resonator plate, on which the oscillation pathogen is fastened outside the hydraulic cylinder. On either side of the piston, two elastic pneumocameras, filled with gas and associated with a stiffness regulator, are placed inside the hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder is filled with fluid, which transfers the mechanical force from the piston to the pneumatic chambers. The device is equipped with a fluid pressure regulator 3. In a known device, the vibration exciter and the adjustable elastic elements (hydraulic cylinder with pneumatic cameras) are two independent structural units. The mechanical force is transmitted from the exciter to the object via a long mechanical chain: the exciter is the resonator plate - rod - hydraulic cylinder piston - liquid - pneumatic chambers - hydraulic cylinder body - object. The presence of a rod passing through a hole in the hydraulic cylinder suggests the presence of a movable seal, since the liquid in the hydraulic cylinder is under pressure.

However, the efficiency of a known device is limited by the energy losses in its various nodes. These losses relate to the energy loss in the vibration exciter itself, in the movable rod seal, in the hydraulic pair the piston is a cylinder; in pneumocamers, energy losses during deformations of the rod plate and piston reonatories when fluid moves in the hydraulic cylinder.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the generator of elastic waves.

To achieve this goal, in the generator of elastic oscillations, the exciter is made in the form of an electric motor of reciprocating motion, with measles and an inductor coaxially arranged, which is placed inside the sealed enclosure. The inductor is rigidly fastened to the housing, and the cavities in the housing are insulated on each side of the core and filled with liquid and gas and act as elastic elements.

The fluid is placed in a closed volume with elastic walls. These volumes may vary with the amount of fluid in them.

The transfer of mechanical force from the exciter of oscillations (electric motor of reciprocating motion) to the object is carried out according to the following circuit: the core and liquid elastic elements — kefpus — object. The energy losses in the generator are the sum of the energy losses, and in the oscillator itself, in the pneumatic pair the core inductor, in gas volumes and during core deformations.

The drawing shows an oscillation generator for seismic survey of minerals; a mat is developed based on the claimed device.

The generator contains a cylindrical reciprocating electric motor consisting of a core 1 and an inductor 2 with an excitation winding 3. The inductor is rigidly fastened to the hermetic casing 4. Seal elements 5 are fastened to the cortex located inside the inductor. The cavities b on either side of the core are filled with gas and do not communicate with each other.

The cavities 7 are filled with fluid. Flexible partitions 8 are placed between the gas and liquid cavities.

The generator is equipped with an electric power supply system 9 and a hydraulic power supply system 10, which delivers fluid into the housing through fittings 11.

The generator is installed on the ground so that the bottom of its body serves as a plate emitting seismic waves. The generator of elastic vibrations works as follows.

When electrical power is applied to the excitation winding 3, the measles 1 reciprocate relative to inductor 2 under the action of electromagnetic force. Gas cavities 6 periodically compress and expand, transferring mechanical force to the housing 4. The housing also oscillates, its bottom radiates seismic waves into the ground.

The amplitude of the excited oscillations depends on the ratio of the frequency of the electromagnetic supply and the natural frequency of the oscillations of the generator. The maximum value of the amplitude, as is known from the theory of oscillations, is achieved when these frequencies are heard (resonance phenomenon). The generator is tuned to resonance by changing the amount of fluid in cavity 7, which causes a change in the stiffness coefficient of the elastic elements

As the vibrational frequency of the vibrator changes, the amount of fluid in the cavity 7 changes, and the flexible partitions 8 expand or contract. 3 cyclic oscillations of the excited frequency of the septum are not involved, due to the incompressibility of the fluid. The liquid itself also does not move relative to the body, since it is enclosed in a closed volume bounded by a septum and body.

The use of a reciprocating electric motor of a cylindrical structure placed in a hermetic case, and the use of free cavities in the case as gas-liquid elastic elements improves the efficiency of the generator of elastic oscillations, increases the durability of elastic elements, simplifies the design and reduces overall dimensions .

The proposed generator can be effectively used in technological processes and systems that require rapid adjustments of the frequency and amplitude of the excited oscillations in a sufficiently range. It allows such adjustment without stopping the process.

which reduces unproductive downtime.

At the base of the employer of the vibrator, systems of automatic adjustment of vibration meter parameters can be constructed according to a given law.

Claims (3)

1. The generator of elastic oscillations, containing a causative agent of oscillations and gas-liquid elastic elements of adjustable stiffness, is so necessary that, in order to increase the efficiency, the oscillation pathogen is complete in the form of an electric motor return- translational motion with coaxially spaced and / / / / / // // fSr / A L KUU It is placed inside the hermetic case, the inductor is rigidly fastened to the case, and the cavities on both sides of the core are filled with gas and liquid and act as elastic elements. 2. A generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid is placed in closed volumes with elastic walls. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.HV.V. and Ninshvili B.N. Electromagnetic vibrators with adjustable natural frequency. five 2. Authors certificate of the USSR 348241, cl. В 06 В D / 04, 1970. 3. USSR author's certificate number 362692, cl. On the 28th of July 1, 08, 1970. /. ten .P // Sv /