SU618405A1

SU618405A1 - Apparatus for steam distillation of etherial oil

Info

Publication number: SU618405A1
Application number: SU762376509A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Сосуран Бисоевич Теппеев; Михаил Иванович Горяев
Original assignee: Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет
Priority date: 1976-06-21
Filing date: 1976-06-21
Publication date: 1978-08-05

Description

Изобретение предназначено дл использовани в эфиро-масличной промышленности и относитс к устройствам дл паровой отгонки эфирных масел из эфиромасличного материала,The invention is intended for use in the essential oil industry and relates to devices for the steam distillation of essential oils from essential oil material,

Известен аппарат дл паровой отгонюн эфирных масел, содержащий парообр ователь , пароперегреватель, запарник , холодильник и приемник-водоотделитель l .A known apparatus for steam stripping off essential oils, comprising a steam evaporator, a steam superheater, a steamer, a cooler, and a water separator l.

В этом аппарате пароперегреватель выполнен в виде спирально-изогнутой трубки, нагреваемой на голом огне.In this apparatus, the superheater is made in the form of a spiral-bent tube heated over a bare fire.

Процесс отгонки протекает недостатоно эффективно, так как хот пар и имеет температуру выше 1ОО С, он практически не вл етс перегретым, поскольку повышение его температуры св зано с повышением давлени .The distillation process proceeds insufficiently efficiently, since although steam has a temperature above 1OO C, it is practically not overheated, since its temperature rise is associated with an increase in pressure.

Целью изобретени вл етс интенсификаци и увеличение полноты отгонки эфирного масла путем использовани пергретого пара.The aim of the invention is to intensify and increase the completeness of the distillation of the essential oil by using heated vapor.

Поставленна цель достигаетс тем, что пароперегреватель вьтолнен термо- The goal is achieved by the fact that the superheater is filled with thermo-

изолированным, а запарник снабжен наружным нагревателем.isolated, and the steamer is equipped with an external heater.

На фиг. 1 показана обща схема предлагаемого аппарата дл отгонки масел; на фиг. 2 - пароперегреватели на фиг. 3 вариант выполнени запарника.FIG. 1 shows the general scheme of the proposed apparatus for distilling oils; in fig. 2 — steam superheaters in FIG. 3 variant of the steamer.

Аппарат включает парообразователь 1, термоизолированный (термостатированный пароперегреватель 2 со змеевиком 3, пар из которого выстзшает в запарник 4, снабженный наружным нагревателем, вь полненным , например, в виде глицериновой бани 5 с нагревателем 6, холодильник-конденсатор 7, приемник-водоотделитель 8, соединенный возвратной магистралью 9 с парообразователем.The apparatus includes a steam generator 1, insulated (thermostatic superheater 2 with a coil 3, the steam from which vytstshaet into the steamer 4, equipped with an external heater, filled, for example, in the form of a glycerin bath 5 with a heater 6, refrigerator-condenser 7, receiver-water separator 8, connected by a return line 9 with a steam generator.

Пароперегреватель выполнен из теплоизолирующего корпуса 10 с крышкой 11, внутри которого помещен керамический стакан 12 с навитой на нем нагревательной спиралью 13. В крышке выполнены отверсти дл паромагистрали и термометра 14.The superheater is made of a heat insulating body 10 with a lid 11, inside of which is placed a ceramic cup 12 with a heating coil 13 wound on it. In the lid there are holes for the steam main and the thermometer 14.

Claims

If a . the steamer has a large volume; it should be made in the form of a metaplastic tank 15, the outer walls of which are covered with a layer of electrical insulation (for example, asbestos) with a heater spiral 16, and an outer heat insulating casing 17. The arrows indicate the direction of vapor movement. The apparatus operates as follows. Steam generator 1 enters the superheater 2, in which it is heated to a predetermined temperature at atmospheric pressure and enters the steamer 4, which is equipped with an external bath 5 to prevent condensation of the steam. In the steamer, the steam is enriched with essential oil vapors and enters the cooler 7, where the water and oil vapors condense and the condensate flows into the water separator receiver 8, where the oil is separated from the water and the stream water returns via the main line 9 to the steam generator. The proposed apparatus allows for a more complete distillation of the ether (Rig.1 oils (especially from the essential oil raw material containing a significant amount of water), eliminates the possibility of deterioration of the essential oils and reduces the consumption of steam. Essential oils apparatus containing a steam generator,. a superheater, a steamer, a cooler and a receiver / water separator, characterized in that, in order to intensify and increase the distillation completeness by using superheated steam, the steam superheater insulated, and the steamer is equipped with an external heater.Sources of information taken into account during the examination: 1. Dyonov N.Ya., etc. Essential oils, their composition and analysis, M.-L., Goskhimizdat, 1933, p. .

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