SU54454A1 - Device for draining loess soils - Google Patents

Description

For structures on loess soils, local wetting of loess bases from various sources of moisture is especially dangerous. These local increases in humidity usually cause uneven sedimentation of structures, lasting for a long time, as many accidents of structures on loess soils have shown. Radical measures to combat the precipitation of structures on loess soils, after the fact of soaking the soil under foundations, have occurred, at present, its time is not available.

The proposed device is designed to combat local moisture of loess soils under foundations and in hard-to-reach places, provided that the source of moisture has been discontinued.

In FIG. 1 shows a side view of the device, downed by the B well; FIG. 2 - vertical section of the device; FIG. 3 - vertical section of the installation of the device at the basement.

A device lowered into a well mainly consists of a perforated vessel filled before

hygroscopic substance (for example, calcium chloride). A vessel with solid walls is attached to the bottom of this vessel to collect the dissolved hygroscopic substance as it is filled with water.

Work on the drainage of the soil is as follows.

Conventional wells C with a diameter of about 100–200 mm to a depth equal to approximately the active (stressed) zone under the base of the foundation are drilled around the wetted foundation F in the ground. For conventional types of foundations for walls or columns, the depth of the well may be less, for example, 1-2 meters below the bottom of the foundation. The well should have a casing T at a depth from the surface of the earth to the foot of the foundation.

Then, the described device is lowered into well C. The device is a hollow cylindrical vessel G, having in its upper part a screwing cap L with a loop B, by means of which the desiccant is lowered and removed from the well by rod Ш

with hooked on the end of the hook B.

The walls of the vessel G have many small holes with a diameter of from 5 to 15 -il. The length of the vessel is from 0.5 to 5 m. To the lower part of the vessel L is attached a vessel D with solid walls having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the vessel D, and a length from 0.4 to 1.0 m. From the bottom it has a crane E to release fluid from it.

Before lowering into the well, the lid A of the instrument is unscrewed and the inner cylindrical cavity of the latter is filled with granulated calcium chloride (CaCl2) or another hygroscopic substance. Then the cap L is screwed into place, after which the device is lowered into the prepared well to the required depth (to the level of the foundation foot or slightly lower) and the well is closed from above.

Due to the significant hygroscopicity of calcium chloride, the latter very vigorously begins to absorb water from the surrounding soil.

After calcium chloride is completely dissolved in the water it absorbs, the instrument is removed. A solution of calcium chloride is poured out of the removed instrument through the outlet valve E into some dishes, and the instrument is replenished again with dry calcium chloride and lowered to the ground for further drying of the soil again into the well. A solution of calcium chloride is placed for evaporation into a furnace or a substantial cabinet, after which the evaporated calcium chloride can again be repeatedly loaded into the device.

The subject matter of the invention.

A device for draining loess soils, characterized in that it consists of a perforated vessel G, which is lowered into the well, and which, before lowering into the well, is filled with a hygroscopic substance (for example calcium chloride) and to the lower part of which is attached a vessel E with solid walls that serves to collect dissolved hygroscopic substance as it is saturated with water. E copyright certificate I. № 54454 M. Litvinova

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