SU51044A1 - The method of using the pitch waters - Google Patents

Description

As is well known, phenolic waters discharged from the circulating cooling water cycle of gas purification of gas generating stations are a very unpleasant but unavoidable waste of the gasification process of the fuel.

Phenolic waters, despite their excessive water content, are still discharged by gas-generating stations into the surrounding water bodies, infecting the latter, killing vegetation and fish and making them unsuitable for use by the population.

At one time, a method was proposed for utilization of phenolic waters by evaporating them by using the physical heat of gas and the liquid products of the process coming out of the gas generators; the resulting steam is supplied for humidification by blowing under the gas generators.

If for gas generators without a bee-hole designed for gasification of relatively poorly volatile and moisture, i.e. coal, anthracite and coke, the physical heat of the gasification products was enough to evaporate all the waste water, and the amount of steam produced did not exceed gas generators then for

gas generators designed for gasification of wet, rich in volatile fuels — peat, wood chips and brown coal, where the gas temperature at the outlet of the well mine is very low; the physical heat of the gasification products is estimated to be insufficient for evaporating the total phenolic wastewater.

In addition, it inspires some fears of the possibility of clogging of heat-extinguished equipment (air heaters) with dust and heavy resin from the dirty gas released from the gas generator.

The steam sources for the gas generators are, on the one hand, the steam and water supply valves of the gas generators themselves, on the other hand, the steam supply from the side is from the factory boiler house. Each of these sources gives about half the required amount of steam.

The proposed, according to the present invention, method of using podmol waters is based on the use of heat of this steam for evaporation in steam generators of phenol water, obtained by evaporating waste water, the vapor goes to the gasification process. Condensate formed during steam condensation is directed back to boilers and shirts, which thus work on distillate, i.e., in a closed water cycle, which significantly improves the working conditions of these units. The diagram is illustrated by the attached drawing.

Since the steam from the boiler room and steam jacket has a common pressure, separate steam converters should be installed for each of these steam sources.

The steam from the boiler house is brought to the steam converter installed in the gas generator station, gives off its heat to the phenolic water and, in the form of a condensate, returns back

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A consistently similar scheme for converting steam from steam-shirts. Each steam converter consists of two devices, working on the principle of countercurrent, preheater and evaporator.

In the preheater, the waste steam condensate transfers its heat to the phenol water supplied to evaporation.

In the second evaporator, fresh steam evaporates the heated phenolic water from the preheater.

The net heat utilization ratio of the steam converter can be assumed to be 90–92%; heat losses in this way are relatively small.

Evaporated water, together with phenols, is added to the air entering the blast, and phenols, entering the heated gasification zone, are cracking there and producing some, albeit small, additional amount of gas. Since the content of phenols in water is relatively small, the process of evaporation of the total amount of phenols will take place a process similar to the distillation with water vapor, which is essentially what it is.

To avoid the presence of a long steam line with phenols and the possibility of their condensation on the way to the destination, steam generators should not be installed in the boiler room,

and in the room of the gas generator station itself.

Since phenolic water may contain undesirable impurities that may stick to the walls of the apparatus and impair heat transfer conditions, a backup apparatus must be provided in the steam converter so that it can switch to it from time to time when cleaning the operating steam converter.

The use of such a method makes it possible to completely dispose of all phenolic waters and thereby eliminate all contamination of water bodies surrounding the gas generating station.

The conditions of work of the boiler room and steam rooms, when operating on the distillate, also improve, because scale formation will decrease.

The described method not only does not exclude the possibility of extracting phenols as a marketable product, but, conversely, greatly facilitates the process of adsorbing phenols with activated carbon or silica gel, since the process will be carried out not in the liquid, but in the vapor phase.

Physico-chemical recovery conditions - adsorption of phenols from steam by a solid adsorbent in the vapor phase is much better than in the liquid phase. Technological instrumentation process and its implementation in the form of continuously acting adsorbers in the vapor phase is also much easier than in the liquid phase.

In this case, the steam is passed through scrubbers filled with adsorbent, activated carbon or silica gel before being fed into the gas generator. Each scrubber is duplicated; while one is working, the other scrubber is regenerated.

The subject matter of the invention.

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