SU478056A1 - Lubricant for cutting metals - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the processing of metals by cutting and can be used in any branch of the national economy, where universal metal-cutting machines make machining of heat-treated and untreated various ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys. For example, in instrument making, where kap dy with the manufacture of parts (assemblies) from thermally unprocessed material, a number of critical parts are manufactured on machine tools after the billet is thermally processed to a certain hardness.

Ceresin-based cutting metal lubricants with the introduction of synthetic fatty acids and glycerin are known.

However, such lubricants are not hard enough and are not capable of cutting hardened (refined) metals without tool breakage, as well as the necessary cleanliness of processing on some hardened and raw metals and alloys of various composition.

The purpose of the invention is to give the lubricant the necessary hardness and to ensure high-quality cutting of loose ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys, as in raw tick, in hardened (refined) form without breakage and premature wear of the tool when machining large and small de-legs.

This is achieved in that triethanolamine oleate is introduced into ceresin, for example, grade 57.

The lubricant has the following composition, weight. %: ceresin 57 - 83-8, triethanolamine oleate - 17-18.

6 Preparation of briquettes of lubrication of the required composition and size is as follows.

At room temperature, 149 wt. including triethanolamine and 282 wt. h. 0 oleic acid. The resulting mixture is approximate for 1 hour at 95-1OO C, until complete formation of triethanolamine oleate. Then, in the tanks of the races: g1, the required amount of ceresin grade 5 67 and the necessary kO1sh-1 honestly obtained triethanol amino acid is added to it while thoroughly stirring the mixture. It is advisable to place a baking tray in a chute with running cold water, which ensures a quick baking of the mixture and an even distribution of triethanol aminoleate in the whole mass of ceresin. After melting the melt to room temperature and removing the grid separator, lubrication briquettes are formed. The dropping point of the obtained lubricant is 80 ° C; penetration at 20 ° С of 45 units; Lubricant is non-toxic. The lubricant in the briquette is better applied to warm and hot parts and tools (more than 40 s), and to less heated parts is xy. Greasing gives the best effect when drilling and especially thread-cutting works (on walls or manually) both on cheeses and hardened (improved) parts of a certain hardness made of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys. The lubricant does not corrode the parts, and the remaining part of the lubricant on the metal can, if necessary, be easily removed with some solvent. The tests were carried out with manual and machined cutting with taps and cutters, with drilling deep holes and other machining of parts made from ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys in the wet and hardened state: steels, cast iron, aluminum and its alloys, brass and bronze. It was found that when processing these materials without using the proposed lubricant, and with the help of other thick and liquid lubricants, when processing large batches of parts, as a result of sticking to the chip tool, frequent breakage of drills and small pickups (1.0-5 mm) occurred. When processing the material with drills and taps of large diameters and cutters, frequent regrindings or tool changes were necessary. There was a lack of cleanliness of the treated surface, especially when turning different parts with chisels in small batches without the use of coolant. When processing the same materials using the proposed lubricant, tool breakage is eliminated, the number of refluxes and tool changes is reduced, the surface surfaces are clean and the productivity increases. For example, when cutting thread M4 in 648O from a batch of parts earlier only As a result of sticking of chips, about 6-7 taps were broken. After applying the proposed lubricant, all 648O of the threaded holes were cut without a single tool breakage, while the tool can be used. For testing, it was found that the lubricant is better applied to parts and tools whose temperature exceeds 4 ° -50 ° C. for cutting metals on a ceresin base, it is different in that, in order to increase the durability of the cutting tool and the quality of the surface to be treated, triethanolamine oleate is added to the lubricant composition with Weight. %: triethanol aminoleate 17-18, ceresin - 83-82.