SU46367A1 - Instrument for determining the displacement of control points in buildings - Google Patents

Description

The study of the movements of concrete massifs of structures: bulls of dams, walls of GATES, etc., has considerable interest and has recently received practical application in hydraulic structures, for example, Belomorstroy, Svirstry, etc.

But until now, the instruments that made these measurements were either imperfect or were imported equipment.

The proposed instrument is based on the sighting method and, in addition to the simplicity of manufacture, provides ample accuracy.

In FIG. 1 gives a general view of the device; FIG. 2 - its top view; FIG. 3 is a section along / −1 of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 diagram of the brand.

The device consists of a stand /, a platform 2, a steel ruler 3 of a trapezoidal profile, which moves in three slide b; In the center of the ruler there is a pin 4 with a cut-off top, into which removable pins 5 are inserted, which are used depending on the distance of sight. Each device comes with a set of 3-pin brackets.

Between the middle and side sleeves on the right, a ruler fits the collar, which can be clamped with a cap screw. Through the back of the clamp, a micrometer screw, that rests on both ends, is passed into the slide, works like an endless screw and can give the ruler a slow movement in the slide when the clamping screw is clamped.

The side rails are attached to the pad with countersunk head screws, and the middle ones have a screw 7, onto which the stand is screwed.

For precise installation of the spans on the stand, they cut into it. A vernier is attached to the front of the middle sled, which measures up to tenths of a millimeter.

The ruler has millimeter divisions to the right and to the left of O, which corresponds to the vertical axis of the instrument.

One of the indispensable conditions that allow the device to operate is the following: the vertical axis of the device, i.e., the axis passing through the center of the stand and the pin, should be perpendicular to the sliding surface of the ruler.

In order to use the device on the building, the sections in which the marks are installed are broken.

The mark is a water pipe with a diameter of 20 mm, a length of 150 mm, and a disk with a diameter of 60 m welded from above. All this is installed in concrete and:

10 cm of cement mortar. The mark is closed with a wooden stopper and a cap on top, which is sealed with a flush with the concrete surface (Fig. 4).

When working with the device, the lid opens and the plug is removed; The device is inserted into the hole with the stand down, the ruler is set by the eye perpendicular to the sighting axis, and the zero of the ruler is aligned with the zero vernier.

The technician at theodolite looks into the pipe: and, having made sure that the mark has deviated from the target line of the alignment, he commands (the observer to move the neck to the right or left depending on the position of the mark.

If the mark has moved away from the alignment for a considerable distance, then the observer loosens the clamping screw and moves the ruler to a rough alignment with his hand, and then, securing the screw, adjusts the micrometer screw to a more accurate setting.

For more accurate tip guidance

theodolite on the removable brad de. aats .rozdia, painted over black

on a white background, on which a theodolite’s vertical thread is placed.

When the combination is complete, the theodolite technician signals the observer, |

So he made a countdown on the ruler and nonius.

In order to avoid errors in aiming at distances of more than 300-350 meters, it is advisable to make small movements of the device around the vertical axis in the brand and make readings at these positions, and the smallest is taken as the true reading.

With some skill in setting up her instrument, making aiming and sampling, all work is done

pretty fast. ;

The device is placed in a crate of 25 x 30 x 15 cm in size, and is transported.

The subject matter of the invention. 1. An instrument for determining the displacement of control points in structures, characterized by the use of a horizontal horizontal supplying rod with uniform divisions of the ruler 3, movable in the slide, located on the stand /, installed in the control points arranged in the sections constructed in the structures. ;;

2. In the device according to claim 1, use 4 replaceable pins inserted into the end of the rod 5.

copyright certificate N. P. PribmeKova

No. 46367

Fig1

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Fig4