SU42938A1 - A wood pulp screening machine to recycle valuable solid particles from mixtures suspended in a liquid. - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a classifier, which is used to sort and recycle valuable solid particles from mixtures suspended in a liquid, consisting of valuable x and non-valuable or undesirable solid particles. In particular, the invention relates to the reverse production of cellulose fibers (cellulose) from wastewater (so-called white water), which are products of cellulose and paper mills, as well as the separation of long fibers from short ones and wood flour, and has the task the creation for this and similar purposes of the device, which has a large capacity and relatively small size.

According to the invention, an apparatus is used in which the blockage of the openings of the wire mesh is eliminated by the fact that the particles deposited on it are continuously set in motion or subjected to stirring.

Wood pulp obtained from wood and intended for making equal products contains not only so-called long fibers, but may also contain a known percentage of short fibers and wood flour, which lower the value of corn.

Short fibers and wood flour have different origins; in some cases, the wood itself has a known percentage of short fibers that form the genus of DRV (137)

in the spring of flour, and in addition, wood flour is formed during defibration. Steaming wood can also promote the formation of short fibers and wood flour. The commonly used method of emptying the digester also entails a high mechanical stress on the fibers. If cellulose pulp is blown out of the boiler, then an explosion-like expansion not only causes the separation of the fiber bundles, but also breaks and to a certain extent destroys the various fibers and results in an unacceptably large amount of short fibers and wood flour. The undesirable effect of wood flour consists not only in the fact that it contains too much resin, but also that its chemical components are harmful in the manufacture of the best grades of cellulose. Short and wrecked goods are undesirable mainly because they, the entry into the composition of the finished product, reduce its strength.

Therefore, it is clear that in the manufacture of products in which it is desirable to have only long fibers (or more than the usual percentage of such fibers), the apparatus according to the invention should have a very important production and economic cost.

FIG. 1, the type of sorting apparatus in the plan, and for greater clarity, some parts are released; FIG. 2 is a vertical section taken along line 2-2 of FIG. one; FIG. 3-frontal view, as seen in FIG. 2 on the right; FIG. 4 is a cross-section along line 4-4 of FIG. 1; FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal section of the apparatus of a modified structure; FIG. 6 is a section along line 6-6 of FIG. five; FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 1-4, consists of a drum / rotating in bearings 2 & 3. But the ends of the drum 1 (Fig. 2) have disks 4 and 5 fitted with hubs, connected with each other by longitudinal beams 6. Intermediate round disks 7 are located between two such suits. Above the disks 7 n flanges of end discs and 5 tension bars, coarse wire mesh // or a casing with holes, and on top of this mesh is a fine wire mesh 12. The fine mesh 12 consists of longitudinal blades, the edges of which are attached to the longitudinal beams 6 (Fig. 4) . The rolls 6 to the ring 13 hold the grids II la 12 in contact with each other or force them to rest against the circular discs 7.

The end plate 4 is provided with a cylindrical protrusion or flange 14, which molset rotates with a hermetic (water-tight) seal inside the hole located in the wall 15 constituting part of the tank 16. The end disk 5 is provided with a similar flange 17 that rotates in the bearing 3,

The drum / is divided by disks 18 into several mesh chambers of various sizes, the openings 19 of which are shifted towards each other at a certain angle (Fig. 2 or 4). In the example shown in the drawing, the mesh chambers are smaller in size, the further the chamber is separated from the point of entry of the liquid.

On the hollow shaft 8, one end of which is rotated in the bearing I and the second sleeve 10, the agitators 20 are fixed, directed towards the bottom of the drum, and also the spray tubes 21. directed to the upper part of the drum. Water is supplied to the hollow shaft 8, for example, through a flexible hose 22, and the spray pipes are provided with holes for injecting water streams and the upper part of the mesh drum, as shown by figure 23. When making the mixer 20, the agitators 20 can also be made in the form of holes with pipes to inject water on the bottom surface of the drum, as shown by the number 24 in one of the mixers.

In the right side of the drum is the outlet funnel 25.

The drum is placed in a drawer or reservoir 26 n, which is connected by a neck 14 to a flow reservoir 16, which in its turn is connected to the inlet tank 28 by means of an aperture 29, the size of which is regulated by a rear 30, which can be automatically opened and closed by means of a float 31.

The inlet tank 28 is filled through the inlet pipe 32 with water containing solid

particles, the water level in the tank being maintained almost constant by means of a threshold 53 leading to the drain tank 5 and from there to the downpipe. Through the pipe 35 water enters the bearing 2.

Over the drum / and parallel to it there is a sprinkling tube 36 provided with a screwdriver, rotating in bearings 37 supported by the respective parts of the frame 38.

The drum 1 slowly rotates with the help of a corresponding drive, and the hollow shaft 8 receives a slow periodic rotation and axial swing. As can be seen from FIG. 1, 2 and 3, such movement can be achieved by means of a drive. To this end, gears 39 are attached to the end disks and 5, driven by a speed-reducing gear 40 receiving movement, for example, from the engine 41. A small crank or eccentric 42 is connected by a pull 43 to a lever 44 attached to a hollow shaft & Equipped with a screw thread sleeve / 5 on the shaft 5 corresponds to a hole in the bearing 9 provided with the same threading. Due to this, when the eccentric disk 42 is rotated, the hollow shaft 8 receives a periodic movement, both rotational and axial. The spray tube 36 can also receive a periodic rotational movement if the lever 45 is arranged. A connecting rod 47 is connected to the lever 48 mounted on the shaft 8.

The water level in the tank 26 is controlled by the threshold 49 leading to the drain tank 50.

The method of operation of the apparatus is as follows. Water containing fibers, wood flour, etc., passes from pipe 32 through tank 28, flow tank 16 and neck 14 into drum 1. Wire agitators 20 oscillate back and forth, and the cylindrical screen rotates at a relatively slow speed. Water passes through grids 11 and 12 and precipitates fiber, wood flour, etc. on the inner surface of mesh 12. A layer of fibers, wood flour, etc. grows very quickly on the mesh, which would easily clog the mesh and let pass a little water, but due to the agitation of the fibers and wood flour, the productivity of the apparatus is greatly increased and. in addition, only good fibers are retained.

When moving a part of the wood flour and fiber layer is in a state of constant mixing, supported by stirrers 20. This stirring of a layer of fibers formed on the sieve, performs washing and helps fine particles, small fibers, etc., to pass through the sieve, while as coarse fibers that are too large to pass through, are retained in the drum. These fibers are continuously deposited, directed upwards and washed here with water coming out of the spray pipes 36 until all wood flour, short fibers, etc., are cleaned. Three or more of the mesh chambers in the drum unequal sizes arranged so that the fibers are washed at least three times; however, the invention is not limited to the use of any particular number of mesh chambers. After the fibers deposited on the sieves are washed in the first mesh chamber, they pass with water into the next mesh chamber through the opening 19 in the first partition 18, settle again on the sieve, agitate and wash again. The same thing happens in the third chamber or, if necessary, in a larger number of cameras. If you wish, instead of dividing one apparatus into several compartments, you can use several separate apparatus, one after the other. It should be noted that each subsequent chamber is smaller than the previous chamber, since the fibers become thin, and therefore water can pass through them much sooner. Therefore, despite the different sizes of chambers, their capacity is approximately the same. There are no agitators in the last chamber and it serves only to collect the retained fibers. When the drum rotates, the fibers in this chamber are collected on a sieve and thus fall into the upper part of the drum, where good cleaned fibers are washed into the drain chute 25 with water injected from pipe 36, thus getting from tank 26 to tank 51, from where they can be pumped into any receiver. The spray tube 36 is preferably laid along the entire length of the cylinder and sprays the outside of the wire screen with water, keeping the screen clean.

For good operation of the apparatus, it is desirable to have the water level in the apparatus approximately constant. If the water level in the exact reservoir 16 rises, the float 31 rises and closes the valve 30 a little and, conversely, if the level in the reservoir 16 drops, the back valve will automatically open wider and start to pass more water.

The described apparatus has a very large capacity or productivity per unit surface area of the sieve and continuously retains a very large percentage of fibers, while at the same time washing off the wood flour and fine fibers.

In the drawing, the paddles or agitators 20 have a triangular shape, but may have another shape if the shape of the material of the other material is more appropriate.

In the above described device, water flows from inside the drum to the outer space surrounding the bawabai. FIG. 5 and 6, another embodiment of the invention is schematically depicted, where water flows outside the drum into the inner part. Here, the spent white water enters through the pipe 55 into the reservoir 52, equipped with a partition 54: as a result, the water passes quietly into this reservoir. The cylinder 55 covered with wire sieve is supported by a corresponding drive 56 in a state of slow rotation, with water passing through the sieve from the outside to the inside and leaving the tank through the opening 57. The material deposited on the outside of the screen is removed from it in a previously known manner using the roller 58 and scraper 59. The agitators 60 fixed on the canentric shaft 6G perform swinging movements back and forth, as in the above-described first example, and all the time the fiber layer is stirred up without letting it get littered.

The implementation of the invention is not limited to the use of a cylindrical sieve. You can use an infinite Fourdrinier type wire sieve, as schematically shown in the fng. 7

The shafts 61 and 62 have at their ends a reduced diameter for putting on these ends of the belts 63. Above the shafts and belts of the tension is a fine wire mesh or a sieve 64. Small rollers 65. Commonly called register rollers, support mesh 64 in its path from one large shaft to another. The pipe 66 is supplied to the inner side of the screen. White water containing fibers, while passing through the screen, the water is collected in tank 67, from where it flows out through the discharge pipe 68. Under the screen surface, shakers 69 and 62 are located between the screens and are rotated by cranks. 70. The settled good fibers are drained into the sieve with water injected through pipe 72 and collected in a trough 71.

During operation, the shafts 61. 62 move in the direction indicated by the arrows and take the mesh (sieve) 64 with them. The water containing fibers is directed through pipe 66 to the inner surface of the sieve, and the straps 63 prevent water from flowing through its edges, as in car Fourdrinje. The apparatus is installed in box 67. equipped with an overflow pipe 68. arranged so that the water level is approximately at the height of the upper edge of the belt 63. Water containing fine fibers, wood flour, etc., passes from pipe 66 through a sieve 64 67 and out of the latter through pipe 68. Good fibers are retained on the inner surface of the sieve, and the 5P mixers shake them in the same way as in the examples described above. After the sieve has passed the last one interfered with and. the fibers remain on the sieve and are transported through the shaft 62 to the location above the trough 71. Here the water jets from the drop pipe 72 wash the good fibers from the sieve into the trough, from which they are discharged through pipe 73 to any receiver.

The subject of the patent.

1. A sorting machine for sorting wood pulp, pulp for re-obtaining chain solid particles from mixtures suspended in a liquid, characterized in that in drum 1, consisting of two disks with hubs 4, 5, connected between themselves with longitudinal beams 6 with nat coarse wire mesh on them and attached to them on top of iiw consisting of separate webs of small weave 12. are located at an unequal y; the distance of 7 in the same direction is the disks 7 separating together with the blind, fitted with shifted relative each other at some angle by holes 19 by disks 18, the volume of the above-mentioned drum for reticulated chambers of various sizes with a hollow shaft 8 located inside the geometrical axis of the drum, serving to inlet washing water, rotating at one end in the bearing 9, and at the other end sleeve 10. provided in the lower part of the mixer 20 pV upper-spray tubes 21 (Fig. I. 2, 4).

2. The form of performance of the apparatus indicated in p. 1, distinguished by the fact that, in order to shake out approximately a constant level of fluid, the message of rotation to the drum, rotational and translational movement of the metal shaft and washing the upper part of the drum surface from the settled fine fibers, apply: a) a flow-through tank 16 connected by an inlet tank 28 by means of an opening 29. closed by a valve 30, adjustable by a float 31, b) gears 40, sitting on a common shaft, receiving movement by means of an intermediate front starting from engine 41, coupled with shchestrennyi 39, mounted on disks 4 and 5, -c) eccentric 42, connected by a pull 43 with lever 44, attached to a hollow shaft 8, equipped with a screw-shaped sleeve 45, moving along the corresponding screw-cutting in the support 9, d) a spray tube 36, receiving a periodic rotational movement from a lever 46 mounted on the end thereof, connected by a pull 47 with a lever 48, which sits on the shaft 8 (Fig. 1-4).

3. The form of making the drum mentioned in claim 1, characterized in that the rings} 3 are put on the outside surface of said drum for tight contact between the grids 11 and 12 and in order to eliminate the penetration of oortiruyvaemyh material in addition to the drum to the tanks 26 and 51 end disks 4 and 5 is provided with flanges 14 and 17 rotating the first with a hermetic seal — inside the opening in the wall 16, and the second, also provided with a seal — in the support 3 (Figs. 1 and 2).

4. Alteration of the apparatus mentioned in claim 1, characterized in that in order to direct the flow of water to be purified inside the mesh drum in order to deposit valuable fibers on its outer surface and maintain a uniform consistency of flow, the tank 52 is provided with a first-born 64 with a hole at the bottom to enter the water to be purified , and the shaft 6G, driven in rotation from the drive 56, is attached to it by stirrers 60 (Fig. 5 and 6).

5. With the apparatus specified in p. 4, use for removing from the drum surface the seeding fibers of a conventional removable va.shkayy and a scraper 69 (Fig. 6).

6. The change of the apparatus indicated in p. 1, characterized in that instead of the rotating drum rotating screen, a grid 64 is used, tensioning the shafts 61, 62, fitted with belts 63, worn on the edges of said shafts, supported by register rollers 66 with It is supplied by pipe 66, which supplies purified water, © picking up after passing through the grid in tank 67 and removed from it by drain pipe 68 (Fig. 7).

.- 7. The form of execution of the apparatus indicated in paragraph 6, characterized in that in the upper part of the grid 64 in the incoming part behind the shaft 62 there is a jump pipe 72 that flushes out the settled fibers in the trough 71 in the inner surface of the grid. and above the grid in its lower part, between the above-mentioned shafts, agitators 69 are placed, rotated by cranks 70 (Fig. 7).

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