SU37590A1 - A device for automatically switching on the transmission shaft of a wind turbine only at a certain number of revolutions and sufficient for wind power and automatic shutdown of said shaft when the wind turbine is stopped - Google Patents

Description

In order to automatically turn on the transmission shaft of a wind turbine, only at a certain number of revolutions and sufficient wind power and automatic shutdown of this shaft when the wind turbine is stopped, a device is offered that uses a clutch. This coupling is made of a conical friction clutch, with two cones moved by handles or levers of a centrifugal regulator locked by a locking device when the regulator spheres are in the unfolded position in order to keep the clutch connected to the transmission shaft in the clutch position. To displace the coupling coupling cones, there are two rods connecting them with the arms of the centrifugal regulator arms, the balls of which are made movable on the handles and held by springs to change the magnitude of the centrifugal force. The locking device consists of pivotal keys on the axes to grip the projections on the knobs of the regulator. These keys are provided with weights and stops, which are attracted to the coupling fixed to the drive shaft.

In FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of the device; FIG. 2-

(316)

key locking device for locking the handles of the centrifugal regulator; FIG. 3-stop fixture.

The proposed device (Fig. 1) consists of a coupling clutch 7 mounted on a vertical drive shaft 2 of a wind turbine and designed to connect the drive shaft 2 to the transmission shaft 2. The internal surface of the clutch is made in the form of a double-sided cone whose cones undercut 3 4 mounted on the upper part of the shaft 2 in such a way that they cannot rotate around the shaft 2, since this prevents the key 5, and can only slide up and down by some amount along this part of the shaft along the key 5. At the top and the shaft 2 is fixedly fixed to the clutch b, which at the bottom has the tabs 7 and in the upper part is provided with strips 8, constituting together with the clutch 6 and the tabs 7 one piece. On paws 7, curved handles (levers) 9 of the centrifugal regulator are hung, fitted in place with the processes of W. Balls / 7 are put on the lower ends of these levers. The levers 9, using rods 72 and J3, are pivotally connected to the cones 3 and 4 of the coupling coupling.

The balls // of the centrifugal regulator are made movable on the knobs 9 and held by the springs 18 in order to change the magnitude of the centrifugal force.

The operation of the device is as follows. When there is no wind and the wind wheel, and consequently, the vertical shaft does not rotate, the balls // occupy the position indicated in FIG. 1. When, with the occurrence of wind, the drive shaft 2 begins to rotate, the balls // under the action of centrifugal force will move away from the axis of rotation to the periphery, which will cause the levers 9 to rotate around the hinges in the directions indicated by the arrows. Since the levers 9 are connected by rods 73 to the cone 4, this rotation will cause the cone 4 to move along the shaft 2 downwards; at the same time, the cone 3, being connected to the lever 9 through the rods 72, will begin to move upwards from the rotation of the levers. The 3 L 4 cones, moving towards each other, are wedged in the conical undercuts of the clutch coupling 7 and the whole device starts working as a taper friction clutch, whereby the transmission shaft 2 connected to the corresponding load will rotate in the same way as shaft 2. When Thus, the connection of the shafts 2 and 2 of the wind turbine, thus starting to idle, receives a load after the connection, which causes the speed of the wind turbine and the shaft 2 to decrease after switching on the load. This reduction in revolutions will cause a decrease in the centrifugal force acting on the balls 77, which will cause them to approach in the direction of the axis of rotation, which will cause a corresponding rotation of the levers 9 and separation of the cones 3, 4 from the coupling 7, i.e. the load off. Freed from the load, the wind turbine again raises the number of revolutions, which causes the balls 77 to disperse and turn on the load again. This inclusion will again cause a decrease in the number of revolutions of the wind turbine and disconnection with the load, etc .; this will occur until the wind increases significantly and there is a sharp increase in the power of the wind turbine; until that moment, a constant switching on of the load will not be achieved. In order to eliminate this undesirable phenomenon, locking devices are placed at the ends of the strips 8, which delay somewhat the moment of the initial switching on of the load with an insignificant power developed by the wind turbine at the beginning.

The load 22 is intended to hold the key 14 in a horizontal position, which in this case presses its abutment 23 against the shoulder 20 (Figs. 2 and 3). When pressing the top of the key 14 opposite to the load, the last key 14 will turn. If the pressing is stopped, the load 22 will again return the key to a horizontal position, pressing its stop 23 against the shoulder 20. If you press the end of the key 14 from below, then, resting on the stop 23 against the shoulder 20, it will rotate around the axis 27 only together with the shoulder 20. Springs 75 are resisting this rotation. They are pulled by the shoulders 20 against the shaft 2. By adjusting the lamb 75, this tension can be increased or loosened.

In order for the shoulders 20 not to move more than needed towards the shaft 2, the supports 77 for the shoulders 20 are fixed in the supports 8. When the wind turbine turns and the shaft 2 begins to rotate, the balls 77 will slightly disperse from the axes of rotation and the levers 9 turn to such an extent that their protrusions 71 upturn down the ends of the keys 14. The latter begin to rotate around the axes 27 and with their stops 23 rotate the shoulders 20 around the axes 27 away from the shaft, but correspondingly tensioned springs prevent this rotation. . In a large way, after the levers 9 go up with their projections 10 into the lower parts of the keys 14, there will be no further divergence of the balls 77. With increasing wind speed and wind turbine power, the number of revolutions of the vertical shaft and centrifugal force increase. The increasing centrifugal force is trying more and more to part the balls 11 and, turning the levers, I force their protrusions 10 to press the keys 14 and the shoulders 20 more and more and more and more tend to override the tension of the spring 75. when the centrifugal force overpowers the springs 75, the keys 14 rotate around the axes 21 so much that they slide off the projections 10 and the latter are on top of the keys 14; levers I no longer held back, turned around the hinges 19 and quickly stuck the cones 3 4 in the coupling. The resulting load inclusion, although several will lower the number of revolutions of the wind engine, but not below a certain minimum, and the accumulated stock of centrifugal force will still be enough to keep the cones 3, 4 in a stuck state. Thus, due to the difference in the device delaying the known limit, the jamming of the cones 3 k4 on and off of the load will not be observed.

When the wind stops, when the wind stops, levers 9 with balls // turn around hinge 19 towards shaft 2, protrusions 10, pressing down on keys 14 and tilting them, easily pass through the ends of the keys and turn out to be lower than the latter (Fig . one); the keys, under the influence of loads 23, will again occupy a horizontal position. Such a rotation of the levers will cause the Kenyanov 3, 4 wedging to turn off the load.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A device for automatically switching on the transmission shaft of a wind turbine only for a certain number its speed and sufficient wind power and automatic shutdown of the specified shaft when the wind turbine is stopped using a coupling clutch, characterized in that the clutch is made conical friction with two converging cones 5 ,, movable handles or levers P of the centrifugal regulator, locked by a separate device when diluted the position of the balls 1J of the regulator, in order to keep in a locked position the above-mentioned coupling, designed to connect the drive shaft 2 with the transmission shaft 24 2. The form of the device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods 12, / 5 are used to displace the cones 3 VI 4 coupling coupling f, connecting these cones with the arms of the handles or levers 9 of the centrifugal regulator, the balls // are made movable on the knobs or arms P and held by the springs 18 in order to change the magnitude of the centrifugal force. 3. The form of the device execution according to Claim 1, characterized in that the locking device is made in the form of pivotal keys 21 on the axes 21 for gripping the projections 10 on the handles or levers 9, which keys are provided with weights 22 and stops 23 held by the shoulders 20 in contact with stops 17 and attracted to the coupling b, mounted on the shaft 2, by means of springs / 5, adjustable by wing 16. figure 1. : iM5 f.7 / 4: 1. t} - L- t -i-J-mwrt g -, vr4V ; ,four  . ; - ,,; g. fcij CIS; -: -: i vv fEJEifita: Tl Tb