SU25285A1 - Float to determine the average speed of the river flow - Google Patents

Description

The proposed float is intended to determine the average flow velocity of a river along the path it has traveled over the time between its uniform lowering into the water and the subsequent floating to the surface. The passage of the float through all layers of water flowing at different speeds makes it possible to determine their total speed by measuring the distance between the place of lowering and the place of floating of the float, and when calculating the time spent by the float on the passage of this distance, also the average flow rate. The float is provided with a membrane that separates the air space of the float from the surrounding space and controls the opening of the bottom in order to release the float from the ballast for subsequent floatation to the surface.

In the schematic drawing of FIG. 1 shows a section through a float; FIG. 2-section of the modified float.

Said float consists of two chambers 7 and 2. In the air chamber / there is placed a small chamber 3, divided by a membrane 4. The right compartment of the chamber 3 is communicated with the external medium through an opening 10. Through the same

A hole passes through a cable 6, connecting the membrane 4 with a lever having rotation on the axis 8. With the help of a screw, 7 tons ha can be clamped at various points. The lever has a ledge 9 on which the bottom 5 of chamber 2, filled with ballast (for example, sand, stones, etc.), rests.

When immersed in water, the loaded float begins to sink and the friction against the medium takes a constant immersion speed. When the lever end / 7 rests on the bottom, further lowering of the float will cause the delayed ledge 9 to move away from the bottom 5, as a result of which the ballast is lowered and poured out of the chamber 2, and the lightweight float floats to the surface. If it is necessary to measure the average flow rate of not the entire mass of liquid, but several layers to a certain depth, then use the membrane 4 to free the bottom of the bottom 5 from the ledge 9. To do this, tighten the screw b at a predetermined point using a screw 7. When the float is lowered to the desired depth, the membrane 4, under the pressure of water through the opening 70, is propelled to the left, compressing the air in chamber 3. Behind

the movement of the membrane 4 will follow ta g b, which will rotate the lever and push back the bottom 5 of the ledge R.

In a modified design, the float is a ball /, which is divided into chambers 2-2, 4-4 tons 5. The latter in cross section has the shape of a highly elongated ellipse. Inside the chamber 2 there is a JO rubber membrane, having the shape of a harmonic fur. In the lower part of the membrane Ø, a rod / 5 passes, the vertical movement of which is guided by tubes // and 72, at which the latter simultaneously serves as a hole that communicates the internal cavity of the membrane Iff with the external medium. A hollow bottom 3, which is a free-separating chamber, is hooked by hook 7ff on hook / 5 of lever 6, which rotates on axis J4. These clutches and the lever ff are placed in the chamber 5. The upper end of the lever 6, having an L-shape, is provided with a thumb 7, which serves to tighten the hole (not shown in the diagram), into which the adjustable stop 5 is inserted. Last lower end 9, bred to the desired length, goes for the rod / 5. Chamber 4-4 is filled with ballast, and the chamber with air.

When the float loaded with ballast is lowered to a predetermined depth, the rod 75, pushed down by the force of the JO membrane, due to the expansion of the latter from the hydraulic pressure, moves away from the adjustable stop 8, and the lever b is able to deflect to the left. Turning the lever b, carried out by the weight of the ballast, will cause the hook 76 to disengage from the hook 75, due to its hollow bottom 5, covering the ballast 4 with the ballast, separating from the device, and in the resulting window, balustyvalyts. The opal thus emptied floats up, while the bottom 3, having believed in the water and freed from the remnants of the ballast, emerges following the surf. A device caught from a boat can

reload with sand and re-enter the work.

To use the device, end 9 of the adjustable stop is set to a known depth, the chamber 4-4 is filled with ballast and the hollow bottom 3 is put on hook 75. Then, having noticed the time of the float lowering into water, it is expected that it will appear, the moment of which is also noted. The distance from the launch point to the point where the instrument floats up is measured in one way or another. Knowing the distance and time traveled is not difficult to calculate the speed. Since the trajectory of the float path, with an appropriate calculation of the ratio of the volumes of chambers 2-2 and, will have a V-shape, it is obvious that in order to obtain an average flow rate of water it is necessary to take half of the result obtained.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. Float to determine the average speed of the river flow by lowering it to a certain depth and subsequent ascent and flow along the river path, characterized by the use of a flexible membrane that separates the airspace of the float from its surrounding water and controls the opening at a certain depth of the bottom float to release it from ballast. 2. The form of the float according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane 4, placed in the chamber 3 of the air chamber 7, is connected by a pull 6 with a lever that delays the bottom 9 of the chamber 2 with the ballast. 3. The form of the float according to claim 1, characterized in that the JO membrane, having the shape of a harmonic, is provided with a rod 75 fixed in its lower part, which with its upper end extends behind a adjustable stop 8 in a rotating on axis M lever 6, which serves for holding with a hook 75 of the hollow bottom 5, covering the chamber with a ballast.