SU22901A1 - Compass - Google Patents

Description

In the proposed compass for direct reading on a certain scale, the distances between the tips of its legs are two scales, equipped with two interconnected tubes, which communicate alternately with the cavity of the cylinder containing the liquid. When pushing the legs apart, the piston rod of the latter, reinforced with straps on parts of the main frame, descends downward, the piston presses the liquid, causing the latter to rise through the caliper scale tubes so that on the level of liquid in the tubes it is possible to read directly, on a known scale, the measured distance between the tips.

In the schematic drawing of FIG. 1 shows a general view of compasses from the front with a partial section; FIG. 2 - the same, side view; FIG. 3-12 - its details.

The main frame (Fig. 10), on which all the components of compasses are mounted, is provided with grooves a, b, in which the scale block is placed. This latter is set in such a way that with a complete solution of the legs of the compasses, it does not touch the plane on which the measurement is made. The main frame consists of two strips connected

between them, a septum c, e (Fig. 2-10) provided with two openings, of which circular hole 14 is intended for passage of piston rod Q Q, and square 15 serves for passage of switch rod T (Fig. 8-8). Cylinder z is fastened on the part t, n of the main frame (fig. Sl and 10, 10), then on the same part m, n there is a square hole 15 through which the switch shaft T passes. Both alanks of the main frame are provided with slots s, / Fig. 10), in which the pins of the strings k, k slide (Figs. 1 and 11), whereby the legs are circulating and moving at equal distances from the bars of the main frame. The curvilinear wedge O with the spike t is fixed pivotally on the leg 2 of the compasses and guided by means of the roller p. The left leg 1 of the compass is provided at the bottom with a slot W (Figs. 1 and 9) through which curvilinear wedge O passes freely. When the compass legs diverge, the curvilinear wedge O performs the role of a pusher, with its edge it presses on the head H of the stem Q, which the piston g associated with it is advanced down the cylinder Z. The curvilinear shape of the wedge O is chosen so that the movement of the piston g in the cylinder z is proportional to the divergence of the legs of the compass. Due to this, the distance between the legs should be measured at a certain scale depending on the position of the piston g in the cylinder Z with respect to some specific position of the legs 1 and 2 of the compasses corresponding to the coincidence of the legs. The cylinder z, filled with liquid, is covered on top with a lid 5 (Fig. 1), on which the spring 3 rests, is put on the stem Q and resting in its upper part on the shoulders 6 of the stem Q. The spring 3 constantly presses the head / / piston rod to the lower edge of the curved wedge O, lift it up. In its lower part, the cylinder z is provided with openings (Fig. 7) leading to a distribution valve connected by flexible rubber tubes (Fig. 6) to thin glass tubes Zj and Gz of scales 1 and / 2 (Fig. 3). When legs 1 and 2 are moved apart, the piston descends downwards, presses on the fluid in the cylinder, the latter rises through the tube fj for a distance proportional to the distance between the legs, and on the scale / j you can directly read the distance between the points on the scale / j legs 1 and 2. In this case, the reading can be made with sufficient accuracy, because the scale of measurement, determined by the diameters of the piston and the tube zl, can be chosen sufficiently large. For convenience, in order not to extend the device, two tubes Zj and za are used, which are connected to each other by means of a switch T and a distribution valve f; In the case when the liquid level in the tube i reaches the limiting height, the liquid is pushed with the handle p using the switch T to the tube / 2. For these purposes, the switch T is inseparably connected to the tap p (Fig. 2 and 7). The handle p is hingedly fastened at the point a to the knee 17, which in turn is hingedly connected to the stem of the switch T at the point a. The crane f consists of two cylinders, of which the inner 18 is fastened tightly to the handle p, and the outer 19 is fixedly connected to the cylinder z (Figs. 7 and 7). When the legs move apart, the fluid fills the tube / i (Fig. 4), with switch 7 being at this moment in the position indicated in Fig. 4. 12a, is installed so that the channel 4 of the cylinder 18, which is made with a certain inclination (Fig. 7), which leads the liquid into the tube / 1, is opened all the time. If the liquid, reaching the top of the tube g, tends, under the influence of further pushing the legs apart, overflowing the top of the tube j, the switch protrusion (Fig. 1 and 12a) will touch the stem of switch 7 and will not allow the legs to further move apart. . If you press the knob p, then the lift rises up, in the position of FIG. 126 and release the switch core T at the same time, channel 4 closes, and channel 5 opens, which establishes a message with the tube fo. When the legs move backward, the protrusion will begin to act (Fig. 12c). Raising the handle p upwards disconnects the tube / 2 and connects the tube Zj. Both tubes zl and za are provided in the upper part of the valve with valves m and n (Fig. 5), of which valve m opens, when the liquid rises up through the tube, when the liquid is sucked in, the valve m tightly closes and valve n opens crouch to the first in the direction of the arrow. On top of the valves there is an e-grid (Fig. 4) to protect the valves from dust. If the liquid is subject to evaporation or temperature, then to eliminate the influence of these factors, the scale bars / j and / 2 (Fig. 3) should be equated with zero to the surface of the liquid, moving them along the pads grooves.

The subject matter of the invention.

1. A compass, characterized in that for a direct reference, on a known scale, the distances between the tips of its legs are two scales 1 and 3 with tubes / 1 and, in turn, communicating alternately with a cavity containing a liquid cylinder z with a piston g, fixed on , p of the main frame (Figs. 8 and 10), by means of the stitch, k held constantly in the position of the bisector of the angle formed by the legs, and for pressing the stem Q into the cylinder z the piston