SU20762A1 - Fiber Processing Machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to improved methods and devices for treating fibrous materials and aims at creating a new and improved method for producing fibers from hemp, flax or other similar materials. One of the objects of the invention is to create new and improved forms and device parts in machines of this type for holding the fibers and controlling their movement through the machine while processing them. Another goal is to create a new device, with which hemp, flax and other material are fed in an inclined direction to the crushing and breaking machine, due to which the productivity of the machine is significantly increased compared to the structures in which the material is fed to the turnips at a right angle relative to to their axis of rotation. The aim of the invention is also the creation of several breaking devices, in which the fibers are fed sequentially, with one of the devices acting on the middle parts of the fibers in one direction, and the other device acting on the said middle parts in the opposite direction. A further object of the invention is the improvement of methods and devices of this type with respect to the various details indicated below. Preferred methods for accomplishing the various objectives of the invention are explained in the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 is a top view of the machine; FIG. 2-side view of the machine without part of it, located below the floor, on which the main frame of the machine is located; FIG. 3 represents, on an enlarged scale and with the removal of some parts, the vertical section of FIG. 1 on line 3-3; FIG. 4 is a vertical section through a pair of scutching attachments corresponding to the section of FIG. 1 on line 8-8; FIG. 5-end view of a pair of crushing and breaking spools corresponding to the section of FIG. 1 on line 9-9; FIG. 6 is a vertical section of FIG. 9 on line 10-10; fr. 7 is a top view of the receiving end of the machine, on a larger scale; FIG. 8 is an enlarged top view of the middle section of the machine; FIG. 9 shows, on an enlarged scale, a section through the edge of the table 20, adjacent to one of the sets of crushing and breaking drums, and showing an adjustable method of fastening the edge strip of the table.

In the attached figures, numeral 20 denotes a table resting on frame 21 of a proper design. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the table 20 is formed by a part of the casing 22 enclosing the working parts of the machine described, and the casing may in some cases form part of a frame. The example machine design shown provides for four sets of wiping drums mounted: on opposite sides of the table 20. A pair of drums (Fig. 4 and 7) consists of two shafts 23 and 24 installed at some distance from each other and bearing in this In this case, at their ends, the stellate skeletons 25, the spokes of each of which are offset from the spokes of the other stellate skeleton and interconnected by means of inclined disposable bill strips or twisted 26. It is quite obvious that with Elan stellate number of cores may be increased. The dislocating drums, located closer to the receiving end of the machine, act not only as dislocating drums, but also as crushing devices.

The casing surrounding the drums ends in its lower part, under each pair, with a funnel 27 fitted with a tube 28 running down through the floor. Separate tubes 28, coming from four sets of scutching drums, mate with a suction pump 29 of any known type driven from any source of force, and the device parts are such that the pump removes fragmented particles of stems from the machine, as well as dirt and dust, resulting from crushing and grinding operations (Fig. 1).

The upper shaft 23 of each pair of scutching drums is provided at one end with a driving pulley 30 adapted to be driven by any proper source of force. The shafts 23 and 24 are connected using gears 31 and 32 (Fig. 7) to communicate or rotate in opposite directions, with the drums so positioned that

during operation, the overlapping action of their working parts is obtained, as is clearly seen from FIG. 4 and 5. On the end portion of the table 20, on the left side of FIG. 1, a slot 33 is provided through which the upper ends of the shoes 34 (FIG. 3), formed on the outer surface of an endless chain 35, spanning the sprockets 36 and 37, mounted on shafts 38, located in the transverse direction of the table 20 at some distance from its bottom surface. On both sides of the chain 35, but preferably over the surface of the table, two additional chains 39 and 40 are provided. Each of chains 39 and 40 at its rear end covers an asterisk 41 mounted on a transverse shaft 42. i The front end 39 covers a star 43, loosely mounted on its axis, while the front end of the chain 40 I sprocket 44, set I considerably farther in I direction to the right end of the table compared to I sprocket 43 (Figures 3 and 2). Chains 39 and 40 equally cover the sprockets 45, i mounted on the drive shaft 46, I located transversely of the table and moving the chain towards the right end of the table. The sprockets 47 are used to tension the chains 39 and 40 and are mounted in the vertical direction by means of the swinging arms 48 supporting them. The chain 35 is driven equally from the shaft 46 by means of a gear wheel 49 mounted on the shaft 46 and engaging the gear wheel 50 (Fig. 2), the axis of which is rotated by means of corresponding sprockets and chain 51 to shaft 38, onto which is mounted an asterisk 37 for chain 35. The device parts are such that side chains 39 and 40 are driven at a slightly higher speed than chain 35. Shaft 46 is rotating and from the drive pulley 52. The chain 39 is provided with a series of outwardly protruding shoes 53 (Fig. 3) in contact with or coming close to the table surface. Chain 40 is completely similar to chain 39.

At the front end of the machine, a drive shaft 54 (FIG. 1) is installed with a drive pulley 55 on it for driving from a proper power source. Chain 56 with the help of the corresponding sprockets (FIG D

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