SU1738109A1 - Device for control of gully erosion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for combating ravine erosion. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of work. The device contains an inclined mounted perforated shield with protrusion dampers fixed on it in staggered order, a cantilever drop installed above the shield, fascine ponds located concentrically along the circumference sector at the bottom of the ravine, and a water-repellent film laid at the top of the ravine in width and profile breakage. 4 h. n. f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for combating ravine erosion, and can be used to safely pass large volumes of thawed and storm water through the peaks of the ravines.

A device for dealing with ravine erosion is known, comprising a cantilever suspension drop, made in the form of an open trench at both ends, a water flow damper installed below it, the surface of which is perforated, and a drainage pad filled at the bottom of the ravine filled with non-capillary filtering material.

However, during periodically repeated frosts and thaws in the spring, the drainage holes freeze, clog, fill up and stop functioning, and therefore the re-entering water flow flows through the upper edge of the tower.

or a trough-shaped sieve and thus form a concentrated stream of water directed down the gully watercourse. A cantilever drop, made in the form of an open chute, is flushed from the bottom of the ravine side by a water stream, which leads to the removal of these devices from the top. Part of the thawed and storm waters, the stack from the catchment into the ravine, is thrown over the waterfall to the bottom of the ravine, forming a water well, and some of the water flows in streams along the surface of the cliff and erodes its lower part, made of parent rock. The bottom of the ravine has a low infiltration property, especially the spring period, so the drainage cushion of gravel material is silted, clogged and stops functioning, and the water stream containing soil particles flows down the stream.

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The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and reliability of the device.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the energy absorber is made in the form of an inclined shield mounted on a drainage cushion equipped with oblique supports anchored to the ground on the back side, the surface of the shield being parabolic in the transverse and hyperbolic shape in the longitudinal direction and on the front surface the inclined shield is fixed in a checkerboard pattern to the projections absorbing the flow of energy. In addition, downstream of the inclined shield, there are installed the dam pits, buried bottom of the bottom of the drainage cushion, discharged concentrically along the circumference sector in plan and distant from one another, increasing the geometric progression gyu, and under the chute of the suspended overfall and at the top the ravine is laid with a water-repellent film, fixed with one side to the bottom of the drainage cushion with a non-capillary filtering material, and with the other side buried in the ground. The input end of the gutter cantilever drop differential is made curved and recessed into the ground.

FIG. 1 shows a device, side view; Fig 2 is the same, top view; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. 2

The device for combating ravine erosion contains a cantilever drop differential, made in the form of a trench 1 open at both ends, the input end 2 of which is bent and recessed into the ground. The water flow 3 flowing out of the chute 1 spreads, meeting with an inclined perforated shield 4, made of a parabolic shape in the transverse and hyperbolic shape in the longitudinal direction. The shield 4 on the back side rests on inclined support 5 anchored into the ground, and the base is installed in a water well 6. On the front part of the shield 4 are fixed protrusions 7, arranged in a checkerboard pattern. Water well 6, the area around the shield 4 and downstream is covered with a drainage pad 8 of non-capillary filtering material. Downstream from shield 4, fascine ponds 9 are installed, buried in the ground below the bottom of the drainage pad 8, located concentrically along the circumference sector in plan and spaced apart from each other, increasing in geometric progression. Under the canal chute 1, a water-repellent film 10 is laid along the width and profile of the cliff at the top of the ravine, fixed at the bottom of the ravine with a non-capillary filtering material of the drainage pad 8, and at the top of the ravine the other side 11 is recessed into

priming.

The device operates as follows.

Thawed and storm waters, a stack from the catchment, are fed to the console suspended

0 difference, made in the form of a trench 1 open at both ends This prevents the soil from being washed by the water flow from the underside.

5 gutters 1. A water stream 3 flowing out of gutter 1 spreads, meeting with an inclined perforated shield 4, made of a parabolic shape in the transverse and hyperbolic shape in the longitudinal direction. This shape of the surface of the shield 4 allows the water flow to best flow along the shield and pour out of the perforated holes. The protrusions-dampers 7, located in a staggered sequence on the front of the shield 4, drastically reduce the flow rate of water over the shield, spray the water flow, promote pouring out of the perforated holes in a small stream onto the floor cushion 8. Part of the water slows down in its current, rolls along the length of the shield 4. Moreover, the large pumps contained in the water flow gradually settle to the surface of the drainage pad 8, filling

5 gradually the space between the cliff and the inclined shield 4. Thus, not only the growth of the ravine is prevented, but also the ravine naturally flattens out and ultimately contributes to its

0 liquidation. Therefore, it is advisable to manufacture the perforated shield 4 from wooden parts designed for rows of filling the space between the precipice and the shield by washing away the ground. Smaller

5 sediments are retained by fascine dams 9 installed downstream from the inclined shield 4. They are buried in the ground below the bottom of the drainage cushion 8, the arrangement is concentric around the circumferential sector in plan and allows them to completely filter thawed or storm water from sediment, to function for a long time and to invest the lowest costs

5 on their device. Periodically repeated freezing and thawing in spring, in which the perforated holes freeze and clog up with sediment, it is easy to dislodge. In the morning when the runoff is still small, then the water flow is low

power is thrown onto the lower end of the perforated shield 4, contributing to the dynamic impact of uncorking and thawing frozen and blocked holes. In addition, contacting the perforated shield on one side with warmer water and on the other with warmer air contributes to their quick thawing. Laying under chute 1 at the top of the ravine along its width and the break profile of the water-repellent film 10 and fixing its free ends on the bottom of the non-capill material at the top of the ravine by embedding it in the ground prevents the lower part of the cliff from undermining by the parent rock from being washed out.

The use of this device not only prevents the growth of ravines, but also allows to naturally smooth out ravines and ultimately eliminate them. A drastic reduction in sediment flow protects ponds, reservoirs, and especially small rivers from silting.

Claims (5)

1. Device for combating ravine erosion, containing a cantilever suspension drop, made in the form of a trench open at both ends, an energy absorber of water flow installed below it, the surface of which is perforated, and a drainage pad filled at the bottom of the ravine filled with non-capillary filtering material, which differs from the fact that, in order to increase efficiency and reliability in operation, the energy absorber is made in the form of a drainage cushion of an inclined shield, provided from the back side with inclined supports anchored into the ground, the surface of the shield being parabolic in the transverse and hyperbolic form in the longitudinal direction. 2. Device pop. 1, with the fact that on the front surface of the inclined shield are fixed in a staggered manner protrusions-absorbers of energy flow. 3. Device pop. 1, which differs in that, downstream from the inclined shield, fascine ponds are installed, buried in the ground below the bottom of the drainage pad, located concentrically along the circular sector in the plan and spaced apart from one another, increasing in a geometrical progression. 4. Device pop. 1, characterized in that a water-repellent film is laid under the chute of the cantilever drop and at the top of the ravine, fixed with one side to the bottom of the drainage cushion with non-capillary filtering material, and the other side buried in the ground. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the input end of the cantilever trough of the drop drop is made bent and recessed into the ground. 1A Phage. 2 eleven