SU1625573A1 - Method of forging hollow parts - Google Patents

Abstract

Extinguishing refers to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in the manufacture of hollow forgings by drawing on a grating. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of forgings from hard-deforming high-temperature alloys and saving metal. The goal is achieved in that the ingot is biliated and the waste is removed from the profitable and bottom parts. Billet blank upset between the plates. In the process of precipitation get semi-finished product with ledges at the ends of regulated sizes. After the precipitation, the precipitated block is flashed. When flashing, the ledges are formed completely, filling in the grooves in the sedimentary plates due to the displacement of metal from under the piercing. Hollow semi-finished products are pierced with arbors. The stretch begins by crimping the ledges to final dimensions. As a result of the creation of conditions of all-round non-uniform compression during the formation of ledges, the quality of the forgings is improved. 4 il. w Ё

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in the manufacture of hollow articles by drawing on a mandrel.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of forgings from hard-to-deformed high-temperature alloys by creating conditions for all-round non-uniform compression and saving of metal.

Figure 1 shows the initial position of the workpiece after billetting before the draft (on the left) and after the draft (on the right); figure 2 - the original position of the upset billet and firmware before the firmware (left) and the semi-finished product after the firmware (right); FIG. 3 shows the initial position of the dies and the semifinished product on the mandrel prior to drawing; Fig. 4 shows the final position of the forging on the mandrel after drawing.

The method is carried out in a barely human way.

The ingot is biliated and the waste is removed from the profitable and bottom parts, after which the billet 1 (Fig. 1) is placed on the lower sediment plate 2 and the upper sediment plate 3, the billet blank 1 is deposited until the precipitated block 4 is obtained. the volume of the billet billet at the bottom end is pressed into the cavity 5 of the lower and upper sedimentary plates, which on the side surface is bounded by a ring 6.

After the precipitation, the precipitated block is flashed (Fig. 2). For this, the lower and upper sedimentary plates are replaced with plates 7 with a hole for a punch 8 with extensions 9 and with a traverse being pierced until a semi-finished product 10 with ledges is obtained. When flashing, ledges are formed completely, filling in the notches.

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in sedimentary plates due to the displacement of metal from under the piercings.

As a result of the operations, precipitations and firmwares are obtained with a semi-finished product with a ledge size D (1.03-1.25 rp and h (0.5 ... 2.5) 5, where Dn is the outer diameter of the forging from the end, and S is the wall thickness at the butt end. After flashing, prefabricated 10 is mounted on mandrel 11c with collar 12 and placed under a press (not shown), where the strikers 13 extend the semi-finished product. The semi-finished product begins with a reduction of the protrusion opposite to that of the shoulder D 1 , 03 Dn for fixing the end face of the forging on the mandrel, a small burning interval remains s, which does not allow clearly indicate in general the forging mandrel. Forging forging in the unlocked position results in a loss of quality forgings in connection with the loss of accuracy (razno- stennost, variation in thickness, curvature, edited neustran EMA, etc.).

When the value of D Dn 1.25 increases the required degree of deformation of the end of the semi-finished product in both the radial and axial directions. An increase in the degree of deformation leads to a distortion of the end surface of the forging and the formation of fringe and cracks. This, in turn, leads to the need to increase the end allowances.

The length of the ledge should be performed within (0.50-2.5) 5, where 5 is the wall thickness at the forging end. With a shoulder length less than 0.5 S, the positive effect of its length on the quality of the end portion of the forging is almost unaffected. With an increase in the length of the step from 0.5 S to 2.5 5, there is an improvement in the quality of the forging face during its formation, the formation of fringe decreases, i.e. the axial distance between the projections of the fringe and the valleys.

With an increase in the length of the step more than 2.5 5, the effect of the length of the step on the quality improvement does not occur, but it becomes impossible to obtain long steps in the draft-piercing.

It is necessary to start forging a semi-finished product on a mandrel (FIG. 3) by forging the ledges, while starting the forging by squeezing the ledge opposite the mandrel of the mandrel. In this case, the metal heated to

forging temperature, has the greatest technological plasticity and is least susceptible to cracking.

Example. Forged forging

refrigerator case. Forging material - steel 08X18H10T. The outer diameter of the forging is 785 ± 20 mm, the internal diameter is 450 ± 20 mm, and the length is 860 ± 50 mm.

0 Two forgings are forged from an ingot weighing 7.31 tons. To this end, billet inging, waste disposal and cutting into two blanks are performed, after which the ingot is deposited in sedimentary plates with notches,

5 firmware to obtain a semi-finished product with ledges in dimensions: maximum outer diameter 1050 mm, external diameter of the shoulder 870 mm (D / Dn 1.1), the shoulder length 200 mm (h / S 1.2), total length of 600 ± 70 mm, hole mm The resulting semi-finished product is placed on a conical mandrel and begin to forge the cut-out strikers with the compression of ledges forgings

The final diameters are first with a reduction in the shoulder, opposite the collar of the mandrel.

The use of this technology makes it possible to reduce the end allowance by 160 mm and reduce the metal consumption by

0

five

0

five

0

400 kg for forging (8.0-15% by weight of forging).

Claims (1)

The invention of the method of forging hollow forgings, including the draft and piercing of the workpiece, the formation of a stepped semi-finished product with ledges on the ends and stretching it by strikes on a mandrel with a collar, characterized in that all-round uneven compression during the formation of ledges and metal saving; the formation of a stepped semi-finished product is carried out during the draft and flashing to obtain the ledges with a diameter of 1.03-1.25 diameters of the butt end and a length of 0.5-2.5 wall thickness at the end of the forging, and the stretching of the stepped semifinished product begins with running into the final dimensions of the ledge opposite to the collar of the mandrel. 1 ///// L Y / sy / L / / / FIG. 2 Yu one 12 7ZA. eleven Fig.Z I / J 13 7 P / S Sf / SSj ZS S-SLS JIZjFJ 13 13FigA