SU1695946A1 - Method for fire extinguishing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment and can be applied to extinguish fires with open surface areas, in particular, spouting burning gases and oil in gas and oil wells. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the preparatory time and increase the efficiency of extinguishing fires with superheated water or steam obtained in a closed container. The novelty of the invention lies in the preparation and use of superheated water or steam. A closed container with intake is introduced directly into the combustion zone, for example, using helicopters using the heat energy of the fire source to obtain superheated water or steam with a calculated temperature and pressure, after which the closed container is removed from the combustion zone and used to extinguish the fire by known methods . A variant of not withdrawing the closed container from the combustion zone is provided, then at a critical design pressure, the latter collapses, releasing superheated water or steam to the combustion zone. 2 h.p.fly.

Description

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The invention relates to fire fighting equipment and can be applied to extinguish fires with open surface areas with elevated temperature of the combustion zone, for example, flowing gas and oil in gas and oil wells, warehouses of solid combustible materials, high forest fires, etc.

A known method of extinguishing a fire with sprayed water is that, in order to increase the efficiency of extinguishing, the water is heated to 90-100 ° C before being fed into the combustion zone.

The disadvantage of this method is the time duration for heating the water by the heater and the energy consumption for heating the water.

There is a known method of extinguishing a fire by supplying water vapor with a design temperature and pressure to the combustion zone.

The disadvantage of this method is the need for steam power to obtain steam.

There is a known method of extinguishing a fire with steam, which is formed when directed to heated soil around a free-burning fountain of oil or gas.

The disadvantage of this method is the duration in time (8-12 - heating of the soil).

The known method of extinguishing a fire, for example, powerful gas and oil fountains by breaking off the flame of a burning jet of a fountain by an air wave during an explosion of an explosive.

The disadvantage of this method is considerable preparation time for

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conducting an explosive explosion, as well as repeating such explosions in the event of an unsuccessful attack on a burning fountain.

It is known to extinguish a fire from a helicopter in a hovering mode of the latter at a safe height by applying multiple foam, to form which a jet of propeller is used in the nozzle with a deflector and mesh, which is fed by a hose lowered from the helicopter to the combustion zone.

The disadvantage of this extinguishing method is the limitation of the volume of the extinguishing agent in the helicopter tank, the difficulty of controlling the directional introduction of the extinguishing agent in the desired area of the fire source.

A known method of extinguishing fires is that superheated water is supplied from a closed container to a center of fire with a pressure of about 10 kgf / cm created when water is heated to 160-200 ° C.

The disadvantage of the known method is the necessity to have a stationary source for supplying steam to a closed container for heating water to the specified temperature and pressure, and duration in time for reaching the operating mode.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of extinguishing due to the utilization of fire energy.

A closed container, for example, with water, is introduced into the combustion zone, using the heat energy of the fire source to produce superheated water or water vapor with a design temperature and pressure, then the closed container is removed and used to extinguish the fire using known methods or the pressure in the closed container is finally destroyed and the released vapor enters the combustion zone.

The high efficiency of the method is determined by two factors - the cooling effect in the combustion zone, which occurs when the superheated water is sprayed and evaporated, as well as the mechanical effect of the jets of superheated water on the open flame, which promotes its disruption. At the same time, when the resulting vapors expand, oxygen from the fire is displaced from the fire zone.

The proposed method of extinguishing fires is considered in relation to extinguishing a gas and oil fountain fire with a radius of (20-30 m) pressure jets from hydrants to the axis of the fountain. The sequence of operations is as follows.

A closed water container is suspended, for example, on cables to an external sling for two helicopters (between them), which inject a container into a fountain of flame, hanging to the side (right and left) of the fountain. The position of the container in the flame fountain is regulated by helicopters. Upon reaching the design temperature and pressure of superheated water or steam in a closed container (regulated, for example, by a safety valve), the latter is removed from the high temperature zone and is installed adjacent to the source of fire. Connecting hydrants to a closed container with superheated water or steam and further actions are carried out by known methods. In the period of suppression, it is possible to enter the next closed vessel by helicopters into the high temperature zone of the combustion center to heat the latter and to replace the closed vessel from which the superheated water has already been consumed.

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The method of extinguishing fires in the event of a shortage of length of pressure jets (more than 30 m) of hydrants to the fountain axis is carried out as follows.

5 In this case, the wall thickness of the closed container is assumed to be of such a calculated value that when the temperature and critical pressure of hot water or steam is reached, the tank, introduced by helicopters to the high temperature zone of the fire source, is destroyed by the internal pressure and the fire enters immediately the volume of hot water or steam in a closed container.

5 Entering a closed container with an extinguishing agent, for example water, into the combustion zone with a high temperature area for heating the latter is possible by other means, for example, airships, taps

0 tracked, special platform, moving along the track, etc. This does not exclude the possibility of transferring superheated water or steam from a closed tank located in the zone of high temperature of the source of combustion, either directly to the zone of combustion or to the place where the fire stations are located, while also feeding the closed tank with water instead of superheated water or steam. The proposed method of extinguishing fires with superheated water or steam contained in a closed container, heating the thermal energy of the combustion zone with the latter, as compared with the known ones, reduces the preparatory time for the preparation of the extinguishing agent — hot water or steam with a design temperature and pressure; energy to heat water, steam, expand fire extinguishing capabilities with a large radius of fires, as well as reduce the harmful effects on the environment (replacing chemical fire-retardants x substances to superheated water or steam).

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Fire extinguishing method by supplying a fire-extinguishing substance to a fire source from a closed container under pressure, characterized in that, in order to increase the extinguishing efficiency Q Due to the utilization of fire energy, a closed container with an extinguishing liquid is introduced into the high temperature combustion zone to produce superheated water. 2. The method according to claim 1, distinguished by the fact that, in order to increase the extinguishing efficiency due to the simultaneous effect of the extinguishing agent and the blast wave, the capacity is left in the combustion zone until the pressure in it is higher than the breaking-critical.