SU1693620A1 - Signalling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automatic systems for the detection and analysis of explosive concentrations of combustible and explosive gases and can be used in environmental monitoring systems, such as drilling rigs. The aim of the invention is to improve the reliability of the device by performing a monitoring of the combustible gas-air environment at the address of the faulty sensors by redistributing it (dividing with a working sensor). The device operates continuously in the zero setting modes, setting the lower concentrated ignition limit and measuring, the first two modes are performed sequentially and triggered by a signal Calibration In the absence of this signal, the device operates in the measurement mode. The equality of the logical 1 control bit is first th random access memory block indicates malfunction at this address detector that switches the actuated valves and provides processing gas environment concentration following (serviceable) sensor. 1 z.p.f BACKGROUND yl 2. E

Description

The invention relates to automation, measuring and computing equipment, in particular to automatic systems for detecting and analyzing explosive concentrations of flammable and explosive gases, and can be used in control systems, for example, in creating an environmental monitoring system, an automatic security system, monitoring and control offshore fixed platforms and floating drilling rigs of the continental shelf.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the device by monitoring the combustible gas-air environment at the address of the faulty sensors by redistributing it to the serviceable sensors.

FIG. 1 shows a functional diagram of the device for signaling in FIG. 2 a functional diagram of a synchronous generator.

The signaling device contains sensors 1, each of which is made in the form of a camera with detector 2 installed in it, multiplexer 3, analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 4, subtraction unit 5, first 6 and second 7 registers, first 8 and second 9 blocks Elements I, the first 10 and second 11 blocks of RAM, the first 12 and second 13 blocks of comparison, suction pumps 14, the first 15 and second 16 calibration cylinders with controlled valves 17 and 18, respectively, line 19, controlled valves 20 maOS

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1pipes installed between sensor cell sampler connections to it. Each camera has one pipe with a pump terminated by a control input 21. The device also contains a synchronous generator 22, having a starting input 23, an input Calibration 24, a setup input 25, an output 26 controlling sensor cameras, addressable the outputs 27, the output 28 of the read resolution and the data transfer, the output 29 of the control of the calibration balloon and the data transmission, the output 30 of the control of the calibration balloon and the resolution of the readout, the first output 31 of the write resolution, the output 32 of the resolution c ityvani, a second write enable output 33, outputs 34 of the control gate line E, pump 35 outputs a control.

In Fig. 1, the positions of the device 36, its first 37 and second 38 signal outputs and address output 39 are also marked with positions.

The synchronous generator 22 contains a controlled pulse generator 40, the first 41, the second 42 and the third 43 triggers, the first 44, the second 45, the third 46, the fourth 47 and the fifth 48 elements And, the first 49, the second 50, the third 51, the fourth 52 and p the fifth 53 elements OR, the block 54 elements OR, the element NOT 55, the first 56, the second 57, the third 58 and the fourth 59 shift registers, the first 60, the second 61, the third 62, the fourth 63 and the fifth 64 delay elements, counter 65, register 66, first 67 and second 68 demultiplexers

The signaling device operates as follows.

Before switching on, the installation of elements and components is carried out, in particular, clearing the contents of the RAM blocks, resetting registers (control circuits are not shown)

The device operates continuously in the zero setting mode, setting the lower concentration limit of ignition (LEL) and measurement, the first two modes are performed sequentially and triggered by a signal. Calibration on input 24 of the synchronizer 22 In the absence of this signal, the device is operated in the measurement mode

Setting mode zero In the initial state, the output 27 of the synchronous generator 22 sets the address of the first sensor 1, the measuring channel of the multiplexer 3, blocks 10 and 11 of the working memory

The clock generator 22 generates a series of signals, which from the output 34 open the controlled valves 20 of the line 19, from the output 26 - the control

Inputs 21 of the sensor chambers 1, from output 29 - controlled valve 17 of the calibration cylinder 15 with an inert gas The last signal also prepares the block 9 for operation

elements I. The inert gas enters the sensor chambers, after filling in which their control inputs 21 are closed by removing the signal from the output 26 of the synchro-generator. Measured value zero

0 unbalance detector 2 through multiplexer 3, ADC 4 and subtraction unit 5 is deposited in register 6, from where it passes through elements AND block 9 of AND elements, is compared with block 13c with the maximum 5 code but the allowable value of zero unbalance of sensors taken from register 7. Logical 1 is output by comparison unit 13 when the first code exceeds the second one, meaning the detector 2 fails to work and is written to the control bit of the corresponding byte of the operational memory block 10 by the output from unit 31 of unit 22 along with the write to flax significant bits of the byte code iz5 Merenii signal. The write to the control bit of the logical O is otherwise performed.

Setting the following address at output 27 of sync generator 22 is repeated.

0, the data processing cycle in the mode, after completion of which the synchronizing generator 22 has zeroed the output 29 and the control valve 17 of the calibration cylinder 15 is closed.

Installation mode NKPV The device is set to the initial state. Sync- The regenerator 22 from the output 26 opens the control inputs of the 21 chambers of the sensors 1, and from the output 30 it opens the controlled valve 18 of the second calibration cylinder 16 with an explosive gas of concentration NKPV. The gas enters the sensor chambers, after filling which their control inputs 21 are closed by removing the signal from the output 26 of the clock generator. Measured value

5, the processing by the detector 2 of the individual level NKPV through the multiplexer 3 and the ADC 4 enters the subtraction unit 5. The signal from the output 30 of the synchronous generator 22 also permits sampling of the values of the zero unbalance of the sensor from the operational memory block 10, the check bit of which at input 25 of the block 22 permits data processing in the mode (with a zero signal) or blocks it (with a single signal) by this

5 address and initiates the transition to the next address.

Block 5 determines the dynamic measurement range, the value of which is stored by the register 6 and the signal from the output 33 of the synchronous generator 22

written to the corresponding byte of the ram block 11.

The next address is set by a signal from output 27 of block 22. Thus, all sensors 1 of the device are interrogated, except for those in which zero is written to the control byte of block 10 of the working memory. Logical 1 is written. After the completion of the cycle, the output 30 of the synchro-generator has zeroed The controlled valve 18 of the test cylinder 16 is closed.

Measurement mode The device is reset. All the bits at the output 34 of the synchro generator 22 were overlapped, thereby blocking the controlled valves 20, line 19, and its output 26 opens the control inputs 21 of the sensors 1. The concentration of the analyzed gas through the multiplexer 3 and the A / D converter 4 is fed to the subtraction unit 5. The zero unbalance code of the sensor is selected from the RAM block 10 (the contents of the control bit is taken into account) by a signal from the output 32 of the synchronizing generator and fed to block 5. It determines the zero point of the signal with respect to amplitude, which is stored by register 6.

A sample of the code of an individual NCB from the memory block 11 is produced by the signal from the output 28 of the block 22, through which the code from the register 6 through the block of 8 elements I goes to the block 12 of the comparison. If the codes are equal or the first is exceeded by the second, an alarm signal is issued to the signal output 37 of the device and the sync generator 22 at the output 27 sets the following address.

The equality of the logical 1 control bit of the corresponding byte of the RAM block 10 indicates the inoperability at this address of the detector 2 due to the fact that it exceeds the maximum allowable zero unbalance of the sensors. At the same time, the synchronous generator 22 with subsequent fixation of this address from the output 35 includes the corresponding suction pump 14, the injection input 21, the chamber of the faulty detector 2 and its sampler into the line 19.

A signal from the output 34 of the unit 22 opens the controlled valve 20, which allows the gas-air medium to access the second sensor 1 via the highway 19. The clock generator 22 at the output 27 sets the address of the second sensor 1, the measuring channel of the multiplexer 3, operational memory blocks 10 and 11. Unit 22, in series with outputs 32 and 28, selects from blocks 10 and 11 of the RAM

content, including the control bit at this second address and at input 25, its verification. A logical O in the check bit causes the processing of the concentration of the gas-5 air medium received at the location of the first (faulty) sensor 1, the second (good) sensor 1 according to the described algorithm. After that, the controlled valve 20 closes line 0 19 between sensors 1 with the previous and present (first and second) addresses with the shutdown of the corresponding pump 14 and, under control of the synchronous generator 22, the concentration of the gas-air medium by the second sensor 2 begins to be measured own localization

In the event of the interrogation of sensors 1, more than two adjacent faulty products are additionally connected to the chain of the corresponding controlled valves 20 of the line 19 and, by analogy, the environment is polled sequentially at the address of each faulty sensor. 5 In the general case, the polling algorithm may vary and is embedded in the structure of the synchronous generator 22.

The clock generator 22 operates as follows. The counter 65 is set to the 0 state corresponding to the first address of the sensor 1.

In the Set Zero mode, the controlled generator of 40 pulses, started from the input 23 of the synchro-generator, through the element 5 AND 48 outputs pulses to the shift register 59. A series of control signals from the outputs of block 59 is outputted via the OR 51 element respectively - at the output 26 of the synchronous generator 22 and through the delay element 64 - at the output 31. A trigger 41 is activated by a signal from the third output of the shift register 59 and the counter 65 is increased by the OR 49 element , which leads to the installation of the output 27 of the sync generator 5 following address. The polling cycle of the sensors 1, during which the logical 1 is present at the output 33 of the synchronizing generator, is completed by triggering the trigger 42 and resetting the output 29.

0In mode Setting NKPV counter 65

is reset. The operation of the synchronous generator is due to the absence of a logical single blocking signal on its input 25 and a resolution of 5 pulses from the generator 40 through the element 47 to the input of the shift register 58. The synchronous generator generates a series of signals: through the OR element 51 - at the output 26, through the delay element 63 - at the output 33 and supports the presence of logic 1 through the delay element 60 at the output 30. The presence

the zero logic signal at input 25 of the synchronous generator 22 through the element HE 55 and trigger 43 causes the blocking of element AND 47 and through element 44, the change in the state of counter 65, as well as the address at output 37. The polling cycle of sensors 1 is completed by flip over trigger 41 and zeroing output 30 sync generator.

The operation of the synchronous generator 22 in the Measurement mode is also due to the presence or absence of a blocking signal on its input 25 and is similar to that described. Counter 65 is reset, the output 34 of the clock 22 is zero.

Pulses from the generator 40 (at zero signal at input 25) through the element And 46 are fed to the shift register 56, which through the element OR 51 produces a single signal at the output 26 of the synchro-generator, through the element OR 52 and the element 62 delay - at the output 32 and ( the absence of a logical 1 at input 25) through delay element 1 at output 28 of the synchronous generator 22, causing a change in the contents of counter 65 through the element OR 49 and re-execution of the internal cycle operations.

Logic 1 at input 25 through element 45 and shift register 57 causes the current address removed from counter 65 to be fixed to register 66 and a single signal is generated at the corresponding bit (in this case, the first) of demultiplexer 68 and output 35 sync generator. The element OR 49 modifies the contents of the counter 65 and generates at output 27 the next address and a single signal at the corresponding bit (in this case, the first and opening valve 20 between the first and second sensors 1) of the multiplexer 67. At the output 32 of the synchronous generator through the element OR 52 and a delay element 62 are outputted by logic 1, the presence of a zero signal at input 25 causes the output of logic 1 at output 28 of the clock generator and the execution of an external cycle of operations.

The number of such cycles corresponds to the algorithm for polling sensors 1 and is related to the possibility of hardware buildup of the synchronous generator 22 within the unchangeable structure of the device. The time duration of delay elements 60–64 is due to the transit time of the measuring path signal.

Claims (2)

Claims i. An alarm device containing sensors whose control inputs are combined and connected to the control output of the cameras of the sensors of the synchronous generator, whose address outputs are connected to the address inputs of the first and second memory blocks and the multiplexer, and are the address output of the device, analog-to-digital converter, block subtracting, two registers, two blocks of elements And, two blocks of comparison, pump, highway, controlled valves, two calibration cylinders with controlled valves, each sensor is made in the form of a chamber with one 0 with a sampler and a detector installed in it, the outputs of the detectors are connected to the signal inputs of the multiplexer, the outputs of the first register are connected to the first group of inputs of the first and second 5 blocks of And elements, inputs of the data signal of the first and second blocks of RAM, the output resolution of the read and transmit data of the synchronous generator is connected to the second group of inputs of the first block of And modules and the read input of the second block of the RAM, control output of the calibration cylinder and data transmission of the synchronous generator connected to the second group of inputs of the second block of elements I and the control input of the controlled valve of the first calibration cylinder, the output of the control of the calibration cylinder and the resolution of synch readout the rotor generator is connected to the first read input of the first 0 of the RAM and the control input of the controlled valve of the second calibration cylinder, the first write enable output and the read enable output of the clock generator are connected respectively to the write input and the second read input of the first clock block, the second write enable output of the clock generator is connected to the write input the second memory block, the outputs of the first block of elements And and the information outputs of the second memory block are connected respectively to one and the other groups a first comparing unit, the output of which 5 is the first signal output of the ycTJ relay, the input of the second register is the setup input of the device, the outputs of the second block of the And elements and the second register are connected respectively to one and 0 another group of input of the second comparison unit, the output of which is the second signal output of the device and connected to the control input of the first RAM block, input Calibration of the sync generator 5 is input of the Calibration of the device, the starting input of the sync generator is the starting input of the device, information outputs of the first block RAM is connected to one input of the subtraction unit, and the control output is connected to the installation input of the synchro-generator, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of Owing to the control of the combustible gas-air environment at the address of faulty sensors, pumps were added according to the number of sensors, additional controlled valves, control outputs of the additional synchronous generator main valves were respectively connected to additional control valves, the number of which is one less than the number of sensors and which are located on the line between the sensor sampler connections to it, the control input of each sensor chamber, respectively, is connected to the pump, the control outputs the synchronous generator pumps are connected respectively to the control inputs of the pumps, the outputs of the controlled valves of the first and second calibration cylinders are connected to the highway, the multiplexer output is connected to other inputs of the subtractor through the analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to the input of the first register. 2. The device according to claim 1. is distinguished by the fact that the synchronous generator contains a controlled pulse generator, three triggers, five AND elements, five OR elements, a block of OR elements, a NOT element, four shift registers, five elements delays, a counter, a register and two demultiplexers, an input of the element NOT and the first input of the first element I are combined and are the installation input of the clock generator, the control input of the controlled pulse generator is the starting input of the clock generator, and the output is connected to the second input of the first element and and ne the second and fifth elements of the AND input, the setup input of the first trigger is an input Calibration of the clock generator, the direct output of the first trigger is connected to the second inputs of the fourth and fifth AND elements, the first group of inputs of the OR element block and the third input of the first And element, whose output connected to the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is connected to the input of the counter, the output of which bits are connected to the address inputs of the first demultiplexer. The data inputs of the register are the output outputs of the clock generator, the inverse output of the first trigger is connected to the first input of the second element OR and the second inputs of the second and third elements AND, the output of the second element OR is connected to the data inputs of the first and second demultiplexers, the output of the third element AND is connected to the input of the first shift register, the first output of which is connected to the first inputs of the third and fourth elements OR, the output of the second element AND is connected to the input of the second shift register, the first output of which connected to the second input of the third element OR, the clock input of the second demultiplexer selection and the resolution enable input of the register whose outputs are connected to the address inputs of the second demultiplexer - torus, the second output of the first shift register is connected to the input of the second delay element, the output of which is the output of the read resolution and the transmission of the sync data generator, the inverse output of the second trigger is connected to the third input of the fifth element I and is the control output of the calibration cylinder and data transmission of the synchronous generator, the output of the high discharge of the counter is connected to the first signal inputs of the first and second triggers, the first input of the first element AND is united with the first signal input of the third trigger, the direct output of which is connected to the third input of the second element And, the inverse output of the third trigger connected to the third inputs of the third and fourth elements And, the output h of the third element AND is connected to the input of the third shift register and the input of the first delay element, the output of which is the control output of the calibration balloon and the read resolution of the synchronous generator, the first output of the third shift register is connected to the fourth input of the third OR element and the first input of the fifth OR element, whose output connected to the clock input of the first demultiplexer selection, the bit outputs of which are connected to the second group of inputs of the block of elements OR, the output of the fifth element OR is connected to the input the fourth shift register, the first output of which is connected to the second input of the fifth OR element and the fifth input of the third OR element, the third output of the first shift register is connected to the sixth input of the third OR element and the second input of the first OR element, the second output of the second shift register is connected to the seventh the input of the third element OR to the third input of the fifth OR element, the third output of the second shift register is connected to the second input of the fourth OR element, the output of which is connected to the input of the third delay element and is with the synchronization generator readout output, the eighth input of the third OR element, the third input of the first OR element, and the fourth input of the fifth OR element, the second output of the third shift register is connected to the fifth input of the fifth element OR m input of the fourth delay element, the third input of the third shift register connected to the fourth input of the first element OR, the sixth input of the fifth element OR, and the first signal input of the first trigger; the direct output of the second trigger is connected to the fourth input of the fourth element, AND, the output of the element is NOT connected to the second signal input of the third trigger, the second output of the fourth shift register is connected to the seventh input of the fifth element OR to the input of the fifth delay element, the output of which is the first output resolution of the synchronous generator recording, the output of the fourth element the delays are the second output of the synchronization generator recording resolution, the outputs of the OR block are the control outputs of the sync generator main gates, the third output of the fourth shift register is connected to the fifth input of the first OR element, the eighth input of the fifth OR element, and the second signal input of the second trigger, outputs The bits of the second demultiplexer are the outputs of the synchronous generator pump control. 20 38 J9 - 1