SU1693126A1 - Electrolyzer for producing aluminium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular, to the design of high-power electrolysis cells for the production of aluminum. The goal is to increase the current efficiency and service life of the electrolyzer. In the electrolysis cell, the ratio of the length to the width of the projection of the anode is equal to the ratio of the length to the width of the cell of the electrolyzer; thresholds are made along two opposite sides of the cell of the electrolyzer. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill.

Description

The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular, to the design of high-power electrolysis cells for the production of aluminum.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the aluminum output by current and the life of the electrolyzer.

Figure 1 shows the electrolysis cell for producing aluminum, top view; figure 2 is the same, side view; FIG. 3 is a graph for the operation of the cell.

The electrolyzer for aluminum production contains a shaft 1 (with dimensions LxC), lined with side coal plates 2 and 3 and bottom blocks 4, an anode 5 (with dimensions AhB in projection 6). In the end sides 3 of the cathode lining there are heat exchange elements 7. The aspect ratio of the projection 6 of the anode array 5 is equal to the corresponding ratio of the sides of the electrolyzer shaft 1

A-1 B C

During the operation of the electrolyzer inevitably on the sides of its shaft 1

growing hard nastil. For support L

nor the optimal ratio - the amount of nastily on the end walls is regulated by means of heat exchange elements 7.

Maintenance of the proposed electrolyzer is not difficult, since there are open areas of the melt layer. Maintaining the optimum geometric ratio of the electrolyzer contributes to the multi-circuit circulation of the melt with small values of velocity.

The effect of geometric relationships on melt flow parameters is investigated. The value of the current or density of the current flowing through the melt is recorded and the ratios of the dimensions of the length and width of the cross section of the anode array and the melt layer are changed. The graph (FIG. 3) shows that there is a ratio of the geometric parameters of the electrolyzers, when the melt flow rate (Vm) has the smallest

Yo

ABOUT

Yu

with

go OS

possible value (point A on the graph). The flow rate in the proposed electrolyzer as compared to the known (point B in FIG. 3) decreases by about 1.5 times.

The proposed electrolyzer works as follows.

After reaching the design value of the operating current, the bulk electromagnetic forces in the melt reach the highest values for this type of electrolyzer. Due to the symmetry of the distribution of forces caused by the interaction of the current of the electrolyzer with its own magnetic field determined by a given optimal ratio created by thresholds or heat exchange elements, the flow in the melt has a large number of circulation loops, which causes low circulation rates and good conditions for viscous energy dissipation. Self-oscillation modes are eliminated. It is possible to maintain an optimal value of the MNR and provide a good current output.

During operation, solid walls build up on the side walls of the mine, which

may change the fixed ratio. The size of the nastils must be adjusted with the help of heat exchange elements installed in the walls of the cathode lining.

Thus, the proposed electrolyzer can significantly increase the current efficiency and stabilize the mode of operation.

Claims (2)

1. An electrolyzer for producing aluminum containing an anode, a shaft lined with hearth and side coal blocks, thermal insulation in the form of refractory brickwork and heat exchange elements made in the end walls of the cathode lining, characterized in that, in order to increase the aluminum output current the service life of the cell, the ratio of the length to the width of the projection of the anode is equal to the ratio of the length to the width of the shaft of the cell. 2. Electrolyzer pop. 1, which differs from the fact that the thresholds are made along two opposite sides of the mine.  / ///, ////// /// 7777. , AT 7 / // / / / / //////BUT Fm2 / / 3 % 2 Fm.}