SU1682723A1 - Method and apparatus for boiler combustion control - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the combustion process and the reliability of a low-temperature vortex thin boiler having a nozzle bottom blowing. This is achieved by measuring the presence of a dip in the lower nozzle by blowing with sensor 2 and maintaining the air flow to the boiler at a level corresponding to the minimum heat loss from mechanical underburning measured by sensor b. In the absence of a dip in the lower blowing nozzle, the total air flow is maintained at a level corresponding to the minimum of heat loss with a mechanical burner and a given oxygen content in the flue gases measured by sensor 1. 2 cf ff, 2 ill.

Description

No. G. 2

The invention relates to heat engineering, in particular to the regulation of the combustion process in boilers with a low-temperature vortex combustion method.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the combustion process and the reliability of the boiler with a low-temperature vortex furnace with bottom blowing nozzles.

Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of controlling the combustion process; Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a device for automatically controlling the combustion process in a low-temperature vortex combustion boiler.

The device contains sensors of oxygen 1, sensor 2 of fuel failure (photodiff), regulator 3, regulating unit 4 (device: regulating, programmable, microprocessor), connected to sensors 1 and 2 and organ 3 regulating the flow of total air into the boiler 5, the sensor 6 mechanical underburning in the ash (carbon indicator), the actuator 7 of the lower blowing, the actuator 8 of the general air and the indicator 9 of the full opening of the regulator of the lower blowing (current relay).

A method for automatically controlling the combustion process in a low-temperature vortex combustion boiler is implemented using a device that operates as follows.

Depending on the firing mode of the boiler, gregatd boiler varies the composition of the flue gases and the operating conditions of the bottom blowing. These changes are recorded by sensors 1, 2, and b of oxygen, fuel failure, and mechanical underburning in entrainment, respectively, and the control device becomes imbalanced.

If there is a signal from the oxygen sensor 1 about a mismatch between the target and actual oxygen contents in the flue gases, the control unit 4 forms a command to the actuator 8 to change the total air supply before eliminating this discrepancy.

When the signal from the sensor 2 of the fuel dip appears, the regulating unit L forms a command to the executive mechanism 7 to open the bottom air to blow. In case the regulator of the lower blowing is fully opened, the indicator 9 will send a signal to the regulating unit A, which will switch the command from sensor 2 to open the regulator 3 of the common air until the failure is eliminated.

When a signal from the sender 6 of mechanical underburning in entrainment occurs, the control unit 4 forms a command to the actuator 7 to close the lower air to blow until the mechanical underburning is eliminated.

When signals from sensors 1, 2 and 6 or their combination are simultaneously taken along, the control unit 4 blocks the signal about sensors 1 and b and forms the command og of sensor 2 and the rest

commands, since a massive failure can lead to a blockage of the bottom nozzles blowing and the boiler to stop.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula 1, a method for automatically regulating a combustion process in a boiler unit by changing the total air flow rate according to the deviation of the oxygen content from the flue gases from a predetermined level, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of combustion and reliability of the boiler with a low-temperature vortex furnace with a bottom blowing nozzle, additionally measure the presence of a fuel dip in the bottom nozzle blowing l mechanical underburning in ash, with the appearance of the latter reduce the air flow into the bottom nozzle blowing in the lower nozzle blowing stop regulating the flow of air at the oxygen content in the flue gases and the magnitude of mechanical underburning in entrainment, increase the air flow to the lower nozzle to blow until the fuel failure is eliminated, then continue to regulate the air flow by the oxygen content in the flue gases and minimize the heat loss with mechanical underburning, 2. An apparatus for automatically controlling the combustion process in a boiler unit, comprising a series-connected oxygen sensor, a control unit, an actuator and a common air regulator, characterized in that it further comprises an air control regulator for blowing air into the lower nozzle with the actuator and full open indicator This body, the sensor for the failure of the fuel in the nozzle to blow the lower and the sensor for mechanical underburning in ash, an indicator and additional sensors connected to Adjusts the block, equipped with three additional inputs and one additional output connected to the actuator of the regulator body to supply air to the lower nozzle to blow. FIG. one