SU1673663A1 - Non-woven filter fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of nonwoven materials, is used in the manufacture of filter material for air filters and improves the cleaning efficiency and dust capacity of the material while reducing its mass, the flammability of the filter material and operating costs. The canvas is made from a mixture of synthetic fibers with a linear density of 0.4-2 Tex with the inclusion of low-shrink polyvinyl chloride fibers in an amount of 50-75 wt.% Of canvas, while the relative thickness of the canvas is selected from a ratio of 280 * 98 H / D _B * 98 350 where h is the thickness of the filter material

D _B is the average fiber diameter. The described fibrous web is glued with a binder evenly throughout the thickness. The dusty air flow passes through the nonwoven filter material, while the dust particles are deposited on the surface of the fibers. 1 hp f-ly.

Description

The invention relates to the production of nonwovens and is used in the manufacture of filter materials for air filters.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality by increasing the cleaning ability of the material, its dust holding capacity. reducing its mass and flammability index while simultaneously expanding the field of application and reducing operating costs.

In a nonwoven filtering material, including a fibrous canvas of staple synthetic fibers, glued with a binder, the canvas is made of a mixture of synthetic fibers with a linear density of 0.4-2.0 tex with the inclusion of low-shrinking polyvinyl chloride fibers in an amount of 50-75% of the weight of the canvas, while the relative thickness of the canvas is selected from the ratio

H

280 - 350,

Ov

ABOUT

VJ with about

Gj

where H is the thickness of the filter material,

dB is the average fiber diameter; and glued with binder throughout its thickness evenly.

Pores are made in low-shrinkable polyvinyl chloride fibers and on their surface. Pores in the fibers are formed during

the process of their production has two types of arrangement with respect to the fiber cross section, some pores are close to the longitudinal arrangement, others are radial, i.e., they have channels for the exit of air bubbles from the inside of the fiber to the outer surface. In the latter case, the surface of the fibers becomes coarser (rough) and, consequently, the filtering surface of the proposed material increases with the content of such fibers, as a result, its dust holding capacity increases.

The uniform bonding by the binder of the fibrous canvas throughout its thickness contributes to the creation of a filtering material with greater strength and breathability, as well as preserving its shape (structure and thickness) due to better bonding of the fibers in the canvas. In addition, the fibrous web is amenable to repeated (more than three times) wet regeneration of the dusty nonwoven filter material.

During the filtration process, dusty air passes through non-woven filter material, while dust particles settle on the surface of smooth synthetic and rough low-shrinking polyvinyl chloride fibers.

Example 1. 75% of low shrinkable polyvinyl chloride fibers with a linear density of 2.0 tex and a cutting length of 65–70 mm, 25% polyester fibers with a linear density of 0.4 tex and a cutting length of 65 to 70 mm are taken, and a mixture is prepared from them It is fed to the carding unit and further to the canvas-forming device. The formed fibrous canvas of the desired thickness in the future will be glued by the binder in the form of an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate by spraying by an amount constituting 15% of the thickness of the filter material. The surface density of the material (mass 1 m2 of material) is 304 g / m and its thickness is 9.75 mm. An increase in the amount of binder is limited by a given mass of the finished material and the ratio of fibers in the mixture,

Example 2. Non-woven filter material is obtained from a mixture of 50% low-shrink PVC fibers with a linear density of 2.0 Tex and a cutting length of 65 - 70 mm, 50% nitronic fibers with a linear density of 2.0 Tex and a cutting length of 65 - 70 mm. The obtained fibrous web is glued with a binder by a spraying method (as in Example 1) to the value of 15% of the thickness of the filter material. In this case, the surface density of the material is 363 g / m, and its thickness is 15 mm.

Example 3. A fibrous canvas is formed from 60% of low-shrinking polyvinyl chloride fibers with a linear density of 1.56 tex and a cutting length of 65–70 mm, 40% nitronic fibers with a linear density of 1.2 tex and a cutting length of 65–70 mm. The filter material is obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2. The material has a surface density of 302 g / m2 and a thickness of 12 mm.

5 Use of a mixture of synthetic fibers with a linear density of 0.4-2.0 tex in the fibrous canvas with the inclusion of 50-75% by weight of low-shrinking polyvinidichloride fibers

0 canvas results in a lower consumption of raw materials for the manufacture of the proposed filter material, which allows you to create a material with reduced material consumption, but with increased efficiency

5 cleaning and dust capacity compared with the material of a larger mass per square meter of smooth synthetic fibers (prototype).

Low Shrinkable Polyvinyl Chloride

The fibers that make up the fibrous canvas of the nonwoven filter material are non-combustible, which allows them to be used to make a slow-burning filter material (provided that such fibers contain at least 50% by weight of the material).

The content of low shrinking polyvinyl chloride fiber within 50 - 75% of the total mass of nonwoven material allows to obtain a positive effect on cleaning efficiency, dust holding capacity and incombustibility.

The specified limits of the content of synthetic fibers when creating a filtering material with reduced material consumption are optimal and allow to obtain a positive effect on cleaning efficiency, dustiness, incombustibility, as well as expansion of the field of application. In the manufacture of material with different ratios of incoming synthetic fibers, the above indicators it deteriorates, namely, the filter material becomes combustible and

5, its cleaning efficiency and dust capacity are reduced, the scope of application is narrowed.

Non-woven filter material has greater bulk due to the use of a mixture of synthetic fibers.

with a linear density of 0.4–2.0 tex, with the inclusion of low-shrinking polyvinyl chloride fibers in an amount of 50–75% of the mass of the canvas compared to a material made of smooth fibers, as a result of which it increases its cleaning efficiency and dust capacity. Thin fibers provide greater filtration efficiency, and relatively thick fibers increase the mechanical strength of the material and serve as a bulk framework, which increases the scorpion of the material.

The proposed material is a filtering medium in air filters, in particular, used in air conditioning systems and fresh air ventilation systems to remove air from atmospheric dust (air filtration). In addition, a higher cleaning efficiency and a small thickness of the proposed material (up to 88%) make it possible to expand the area of its application and use it in pocket filters of air conditioning and ventilation systems. Fo rmu l and z o f i tn 1. Non-woven filter material containing a fibrous web from a mixture

staple synthetic fibers bonded with a binder, characterized in that. that, in order to improve the quality of the material by increasing its cleansing ability, dust holding capacity. reducing its mass and flammability index while expanding the field of application and reducing operating costs, the mixture of staple synthetic fibers of the canvas additionally contains low-shrinkable polyvinyl chloride fibers in an amount of 50-75% by weight of the canvas with a linear density of all fibers of the mixture of 0.4-2.0 tex, while the relative thickness of the fibrous canvas corresponds to the ratio

280 -Y-350,

Ov

where H is the thickness of the filter material, da is the average fiber diameter; 2. The material according to claim 1, characterized in that the fibrous canvas is glued

binder throughout its thickness

evenly.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. Non-woven filter material 25 containing a fibrous canvas of a mixture of staple synthetic fibers glued with a binder, characterized in that. that, in order to improve the quality of the material by increasing its cleaning ability, dust. reducing its mass and combustibility while expanding the scope and operating costs, a mixture of staple synthetic 10 canvas fibers additionally contains low-shrink polyvinyl chloride fibers in an amount of 50-75% of the mass of the canvas with a linear density of all fibers of the mixture of 0.4 - 2.0 tex while the relative 15 thickness of the fibrous canvas corresponds to the ratio 280 <D <350> □ in where H is the thickness of the filter material, da is the average fiber diameter; 2. Material pop. 1, characterized in that the fibrous canvas is glued with a binder throughout its thickness evenly.