SU1672111A1 - Steam-to water heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to heat exchangers designed to heat water by steam sampling of turbines and boilers of industrial boilers. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the operation of the steam-water heat exchanger through the intensification of heat exchange. The steam heat exchanger comprises a housing 1 with an upper water chamber 2, a turning chamber 3, equipped with an upper tube plate 4 and a lower tube plate 5, respectively. A tube system / TC / 6 is connected to the chambers 1 and 2, divided by horizontal guide walls 7 into compartments 8. TC 6 is installed in the casing 9 with openings 10 for steam entry. A vertical partition 12 with openings is installed between the middle guide partition 11 and the upper tube plate 4. In the housing 1, outside the vehicle 6, autonomous pipes 14 are installed connecting the compartments 8 in pairs, one of which is located above the middle partition 11 and the other below it. The upstream compartments 8 under the partition 11 are in communication with the corresponding upstream compartments 8 above the partition 11. 7 Il.

Description

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A board 4 and a bottom tube board 5. Chambers 1 and 2 are connected to a pipe system (TC) 6, which is divided by horizontal guide baffles 7 into compartments 8. TC 6 is installed in the casing 9 with openings 10 for steam entry. A vertical partition 12 with openings is installed between the middle guide partition i 11 and the upper tube plate 4. In case 1, outside pipe 6, autonomous pipes 14 are installed, connecting compartments 8 in pairs, one of which is located above the middle partition 11 and the other below it. The upstream compartments 8 under the partition 11 are connected with the corresponding upstream compartments 8 above the partition 11. 7 Il.

The invention relates to heat exchangers installed in heat supply and regenerative water heating systems and intended for water heating by turbine sampling steam, as well as steam boilers of industrial boilers.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the operation of the steam-water heat exchanger through the intensification of heat exchange.

Figure 1 shows a flow chart of steam, water, and condensate in a heat exchanger; figure 2 - heat exchanger, longitudinal section; on fig.Z - section aa in figure 2; figure 4 - section bb in figure 2; on fig.Z - section bb In figure 2; figure 6 - section GG in figure 2; figure 7 - cross-section dD in figure 2.

The steam heat exchanger comprises a housing 1 with an upper water chamber 2, a turning chamber 3 equipped with an upper tube plate 4 and a lower tube plate 5, respectively. A tube system 6 communicates with chambers 2 and 3 and is divided by horizontal guides 7 into compartments 8. Pipe system 6 is installed in housing 9 with openings 10 for steam inlet. A vertical partition 12 with holes 13 is installed between the middle horizontal guide partition 11 and the upper tube plate 4. In case 1, independent tubes 14 are installed outside the limits of the tube system 6, connecting compartments 8 in pairs, one of which is located above the middle partition 11 and the other under it. The upstream compartments 8 under the partition 11 are in communication with the corresponding higher positioned compartments 8 above the partition 11.

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Autonomous pipes 14 can be installed on the side opposite to the steam inlet into the tube bundle, and are made in the form of ducts (FIG. 3). In the lower part of these ducts, it is advisable to install hydraulic locks 15. For supplying steam, the heat exchanger is equipped with a nozzle 16, in the upper water chamber there is a nozzle 17 for supplying heated water and a nozzle 18 for its withdrawal. In the lower part of the housing 1 is installed the pipe 19 of the condensate and level gauge 20.

Steam heat exchanger operates as follows.

The heated water through the nozzle 17 is supplied to the upper water chamber 2, passes inside the pipes of the piping system 6 with a rotating chamber 3, and is discharged from the chamber 2 through the nozzle 18. Steam is supplied to the housing 1 through the nozzle 16 and then through the holes

10 in the casing 9 enters the annular space of the pipe system 6 from the side of the second water passage pipes along the entire height of the system into each compartment 8. Then the vapor-air mixture entering the compartments 8 placed under the middle guide partition 11 moves upward along the autonomous pipes 14 to the side compartments 8 of the first passage of water, located above the partition, the steam-air mixture entering the compartments 8, placed on the partition

11with the side of the second passage of water, passes through the holes 13 in the vertical partition 12 and enters the upper compartments 8 of the first passage of water. Non-condensable gases are removed from the upper zone of the compartment 8, which is placed on the side of the pipes of the first turn under the upper tube plate 4. The condensate is drained from the fuses

Dock 7 enters pipes 14, in the lower part of which hydropatures 15 are installed, preventing heating steam from entering the gap between housing 1 and casing 9.

From the water locks 15, the condensate is drained, for example, through perforated sheets, into the lower part of the body i, from where it is led out of the heat exchanger through the pipe 19. The level of condensate is controlled by means of a level gauge 20. It is important that the steam consumption at its entrance to the compartments located directly under the partition 11 is better than the flow to the compartments 8. located below it. Respectively (due to a higher hydraulic resistance) the pressure of the steam on the outlet from the compartment 8 located directly below the bulkhead 11 is less than the vapor pressure at the outlet of the compartments 8 located under it. As a result, in these compartments 8, a pressure differential is created above and below the partitions 7. separating these compartments. Preventing condensate from entering the annular gaps (meldami and openings in partitions 7). Thus, flooding is prevented. condensation of steam downstream of the heat exchange surface from the upstream, which leads to an intensification of heat transfer. Apa

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logical processes take place in compartments 8 located above the partition

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Claims (1)

The proposed design is most effective in vacuum apparatus with a large number of non-condensing gases (air), since an increased steam consumption is provided through the lower compartments 8. An invention of a steam heat exchanger comprising a housing with water chambers with tube plates and a tubular system in communication with them, divided by horizontal guide walls into compartments and installed in a casing with steam inlet holes, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency by heat transfer intensification; it is additionally equipped with a vertical partition with openings fixed between the middle horizontal guide partition and the upper tube plate, and self-contained pipe installed in the housing outside the pipe system to the pairwise connecting compartments, one of which is located above the middle partition, and the other beneath, with the upper compartments under the partition communicating with the corresponding upper compartments above the partition. 18 Output contnanla .couple YU sixteen Faye. 6 Fie.7