SU1669579A1 - Vibration exciter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibration technique. The purpose of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities by automatically changing the phase of oscillations of inertial masses. The vibration exciter comprises a drive with a drive shaft 2, a housing 3, an inertial mass 4 fixed on the rocking chair 5, and an inertial mass 6 fixed on the rocking chair 7. The rocking chairs 5 and 7 are respectively connected to the rods 8 and 14 and the housing 3. The rods 8 and 14 through the bearings 9 are mounted on the slide blocks 10 and 15 with the possibility of moving in the radial direction in the guide grooves a pair of cheeks. The hubs of one cheek are loosely seated on the drive shaft 2 and have through grooves in the axial direction, each of which is bounded by one cylindrical surface and two planes that interact with the corresponding faces of the dowels. To restrict the movement of the sliders 10 and 15, liners are installed in the guide grooves of the pairs of cheeks. The described design allows one to model two types of vibrations of multi-mass systems, differing in the phase of relative displacement of vibrations of these masses, and makes it possible to effectively use them in devices based on vibrations of multi-mass systems. 7 il.

Description

The invention relates to vibration technology and can be advantageously used as a generator of flat directional mechanical vibrations in inertial-impulsive propulsion vehicles of the type catelet, in vibrating tables, vibrating screens, vibroconveyors and other vibro devices, as well as experimental studies of vibrational properties of multi-mass systems with shifted oscillation phases masses

The purpose of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the vibration exciter by automatically changing the phase of oscillations of inertial masses by means of a reverse drive.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the vibration exciter during the rotation of the drive shaft anti-clockwise, cut; FIG. 2 is the same when the drive shaft is rotated clockwise; in fig. 3 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 4 shows a section BB in FIG. 3 when the drive shaft is rotated counterclockwise; in fig. 5 is a section BB in FIG. 3 when the drive shaft is rotated clockwise; in fig. 6 is a sectional view BB in FIG. 3; in fig. 7 - section G-Y in FIG. 3

The vibration exciter comprises an actuator 1 with a shaft 2, a housing 3, an inertial mass 4 fixed on the rocking chair 5, and an inertial mass 6 fixed on the rocking chair 7. The rocking rod 5 is hinged at one end with the housing 3, and the second with a connecting rod 8 planted

WITH

ABOUT

Yu

SP

VI th

through the bearing 9 to the slider 10 mounted for movement in the radial direction in the guide grooves of a pair of cheeks 11 mounted in bearings 12 pressed into the housing 3, the slider 10 has a through-diametrical groove through which the drive shaft 2 is connected by means of keys 13 with cheeks 11. The rocking arm 7 is pivotally connected at one end with the housing 3, and the other with the connecting rod 14, seated through the bearing 9 on the slider 15, mounted with the possibility of moving a pair of cheeks 16 in the radial direction in benny in bearings 12, pressed into the housing 3. In the slider

15 there is a through diametral groove through which the drive shaft 2 with the pressed keys 17 passes. The hubs of the cheeks 16 are freely seated on the drive shaft 2 and have through slots in the axial direction, each of which is bounded by one cylindrical surface 18 and two planes 19 and 20, which interact with the corresponding faces of the spacing 17. The rocking arms 5 and 7 are spring-loaded relative to the housing 3 by springs 21, in order to restrict the movement of the sliders 10 and 15

In the guide grooves of pairs of cheeks 11 and 16, inserts 22, 23 and 24 are installed,

A pair of cheeks 11 together with a slider 10 forms a crank of variable length connected to the connecting rod 8. A pair of cheeks 16 together with the slide 15 forms a crank of variable length connected to the connecting rod 14.

Possible variants of vibration exciter.

The first option is characterized by the presence of rocking chairs 5 and 7, as well as inertial masses 4 and 6, more than two, and pairs of cheeks 16 with through slots in the hubs more than one.

The second variant differs in hinging one hch pump, for example 5, not on the body 3, but on the second pump 7, which remains hinged to the body 3.

In the third embodiment of the cheek

16 are planted on the import shaft 2 rigidly, and the limited rotation of the crank relative to the shaft 2 is due to the angular clearance made between the projections of the slide 15 and the guide cheeks 16 into which these projections enter.

The vibration exciter works as follows.

In the initial position, under the action of the springs 21, the rocking arms 5 and 7 are set to the zero position, therefore, through the connecting rods 8 and 14 a force is transmitted to the sliders 10 and 15, as a result of which they move to the center of the drive shaft 2 and the cheeks 11 and 16, forming the necessary for smooth acceleration, minimum crank radii p and ha. In this case, the sliders rest on the inserts 22. By turning on the actuator 1 in the counterclockwise direction (Fig. 1, 4,5, 6), rotation 2 is transmitted through the shaft 2, the keys 13, the keys 17, the plane 19, and through its diametrical the grooves transmit the rotation to the sliders 10 and 15, the latter are set in motion by the connecting rods 8 and 14, which excite the oscillations of the rockers 5 and 7, and with them the inertial masses 4 and 6. In this case, the relative phase of the oscillations of the masses 4 and 6 is equal to the angle p-. As the angular velocity a) increases in the process of acceleration under the action of centrifugal force, the sliders 10 and 15 move in the guide cheeks 11 and 16 to their periphery, as a result of which the radii n and G2 of the cranks and the amplitude of oscillations of the rocking chairs and inertial masses 4 and 6 increase. when the shaft 2 reaches the maximum angular velocity w, the sliders 10 and 15 move to the periphery of the cheeks 11 and 16 up to the stop in the inserts 24 and 23, respectively, with the result that the crank radii reach their maximum values. The vibration exciter enters a steady-state mode of operation, in which inertial masses 4 and 6 oscillate with maximum amplitudes, angular frequency (о and relative angular displacement in phase) The exciter used in the propulsor in this mode ensures the maximum forward movement efficiency of the moving object. As a device for studying the properties of vibrations of multimass systems, it allows, by registering signals from 3 vibration sensors mounted on a housing chit vibration parameters and energy consumption at the frequency w, different phase variations and amplitude obtained by varying the frequency of the inserts 23 and 24.

The height of the liners 22 determines the magnitude of the radii n and cranks in the initial period of acceleration: the smaller the height of the liners, the smaller the initial values of the radii n and yy. The height of the liners 23 determines the magnitude of the radius G2 at the end of acceleration and during steady-state movement: the smaller the liners 23, the larger the radius P2 of the crank and the greater the oscillation amplitude of the rocker 7. Similar function of the liners 24 for the radius n and the amplitude of the rocker 5. Replacing the liners 22.

23 and 24 for inserts of a different height in order to obtain different amplitudes of oscillations is performed by dismounting the cheeks 11 and 16 with the installation of other liners in their guides.

By turning on the actuator 1 in the clockwise direction, the shaft 2 is rotated. It pre-turns through the keys 13 of the cheek 11 by an angle a

and pr - p,

where or is the angle of limited rotation of the cheeks 16 relative to shaft 2;

p2 - relative angular phase of the oscillations of the masses 4 and 6 during the rotation of the shaft 2 clockwise;

p - relative angular phase of the oscillations of the masses 4 and 6 during the rotation of the shaft 2 counterclockwise

As a result of this rotation, the keys 17 are moved from the position shown in FIG. 4 to the position shown in FIG. 5, and the relative phase displacement of a pair of cheeks 11 relative to a pair of cheeks 16, a connecting rod is 8 relative to the connecting rod 14, and oscillates

five

0

the lower mass 4 with respect to the oscillations of the mass 6 becomes equal to de. The rotational force is transmitted to the cheeks 16 from the pins 17 through the planes 20. The process of exiting the exciter to the steady state operation is similar to the process described for rotating the drive in a counterclockwise direction. In this case, the inertial masses 4 and 6 oscillate with the maximum amplitudes by the angular frequency and the relative angular displacement in phase, equal to (pi.

Claims (1)

Vibro-exciter comprising a drive with a shaft, a crank connected to it, connecting rods and rocking chairs connected to them with inertial masses, characterized in that it is equipped with additional cranks to expand technological capabilities, each connecting rod is connected to a corresponding crank and at least one crank is installed with the possibility of limited rotation about the axis of the shaft. fig1 Figg ABOUT r in O) (O to H | h 12