SU1669466A1 - Evaporator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the food industry (alcohol, canning, sugar), it is intended as a steam generating plant to the columns of a brewing plant and allows to increase the capacity and efficiency of the evaporator. The evaporator contains annular channels 8 installed in a vertical casing 1, which are formed by coaxially arranged inner 9 and outer 10 heating pipes. The annular channels 8 are in communication with the chambers of the inlet 14 and outlet 15 of the evaporated liquid. The partition 22 separates the annulus into the upper distributing chamber 16 of the pre-condensation of the heating steam and the precondensation chamber 19. The inner tubes are fixed in the lower tube sheet 11 and in the upper part of the outer tubes by means of connecting pipes 20 of elliptical section, equal to the cross section of the inner tube. Heating steam from the chamber 16 through the nozzles 20 enters the inner pipes 9, then into the lower receiving steam chamber 17 and, finally, through the steam line 18 into the decondensation chamber. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to an evaporation (evaporation) technique, in particular to the design of evaporators, in which evaporation occurs in the upward annular two-phase flow, and can be used in the food industry as a steam generating unit for alcohol-producing production columns. also to increase the concentration of juices in canning, sugar production and distillation plants.

The aim of the invention is to improve the performance and efficiency of the evaporator.

The drawing shows the proposed evaporator.

The evaporator contains a vertical case 1 with nozzles for supplying heating steam 2, supplying liquid 3, removing secondary steam 4, removing condensate 5, removing non-condensable gases 6, removing evaporated liquid 7. In the case there are annular channels 8 formed by coaxially arranged internal 9 and 10 outer nozzles. The inner tubes 9 are fixed in the lower tube sheet 11, and the outer tubes 10 are fixed in the upper 12 and middle 13 tube sheets. The annular channels communicate with the chambers of the inlet 14 and the outlet 15 of the evaporated liquid.

The apparatus is equipped with an upper distributing chamber 16 of the preliminary condensation of the heating steam and a lower receiving steam chamber 17. The chamber 17 is connected by a steam line 18 to the decondensation chamber 19 of the heating steam. The pre-condensation chamber 16 communicates with a cavity of the inner tubes 9 of the annular channels with the help of connecting nozzles 20 of elliptical cross section equal to the cross section of the inner tube 9. The evaporator is equipped with a built-in jaw separator 21 for secondary steam and a partition 22 in the annular space.

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The evaporator works as follows.

The liquid is supplied to the evaporator in the inlet chamber 14 through the nozzle 3 and enters the annular channels 8, where it boils and moves in the form of an annular film two-phase flow. The steam line enters the outlet chamber 15, the evaporated solution is removed from the apparatus by nozzle 7, and the secondary steam after separation from the liquid droplets in the louvered separator 21 through the nozzle 4. The heating steam is supplied by nozzle 2 to the distributing steam chamber 16 of the preliminary steam condensation and enters into the inner tubes 9 of the annular channels, where co-movement of steam is created with a condensate film formed during its condensation. Part of the steam condenses in the steam supplying steam precondensation chamber and in the inner tubes of the annular channels, giving off its heat to evaporate the liquid, and the other part enters the receiving chamber 17 and then via the steam line 18 to the steam decondensation chamber 19 due to the pressure differential associated with steam condensation in this chamber. Condensate is discharged from the apparatus through the pipes 5, and non-condensable gases through the pipe 6.

Claims (1)

The proposed igviewer design reduces the metal consumption due to the compactness of the heating surface, increases heat transfer from the vapor side by reducing the path of the film of condensate through the outer tube, reduces the size of areas for their installation and improves the operating and maintenance conditions, as well as improving the quality of the evaporated product. due to its short-term presence under the action of high temperature of the walls of the annular channel. Claims of the invention: Evaporator containing a vertical body, inner and boiling outer tubes arranged to form annular channels, upper, middle and lower tube sheets, inlet and outlet chambers the evaporated liquid, the lower receiving chamber of the heating steam, the bypass steam pipe attached to this chamber and the annular space of the external heating pipes, the nozzles for supplying steam, liquid and draining the evaporated liquid, secondary steam, condensate and non-condensing gases, characterized in performance and efficiency of the evaporator, it is equipped with a partition, installed in the annular space with the formation of a distributing steam chamber The condensation chamber and the post-condensation chamber of the heating steam, the inner tubes of the annular channels are provided with connecting nozzles of ellipse section, by means of which they are fixed in the upper part of the heating outer tubes, while the cavity of the inner tubes is connected to the distribution steam chamber of the preliminary condensation through equal to the cross section of the inner tube, and the lower ends of the inner tubes are fixed in the lower tube sheet.