SU12665A1 - Diffuser for sugar production - Google Patents

Description

The main patent L 12143 describes a diffuser for sugar production, which consists of a vertical boiler in the form of pipes and is provided with a casing for heating steam and removing the juice through sieve rings placed in the upper heated part of the diffuser, in which to form a continuous screw channel for heating , its pair made tabs located on the inside of the casing. The proposed diffuser, also made in the form of a single-cylinder pipe with a pressure column, which uses the known method of scalding chips without air and water supply, using a hollow shaft, operating mainly as described in patent L 12143 diffuser, for greater efficiency it is provided with a rotating sieve ring for filtering the juice, with cleaning brushes and a nutrient tip with nozzles for more uniform water supply.

The diffuser shown in the figure is a cylindrical tube with a casing mounted on it.

with internal screw ribs for heating steam. The beet chips with rake-type elevator 1, the upper flap part of which is double in its lower casing, is raised for loading into the diffuser. In the upper, opposite skin, there are a number of fittings connected to a steam tube D serving for scalding chips. In the lower part of the sieve 3 there is a branch pipe C, connected to several middle cavities of the diffuser, through which condensate, saturated with sugar, depending on its density, is introduced into one or another cavity. This introduction of condepsat, as can be seen from the drawing, is due to the difference in levels in the pipe and in the aiyarata. Therefore, scalding and preheating of the chips is carried out in the conveyor itself. Scalded chips with a temperature in C are poured out by an elevator into a cylindrical tube 4 connected to a diffuser through the dome shown. 4 represents a juice-free particle pole balancing the backflow of the liquid and squeezing out the sediment when it is lowered. Next, chips, evenly lowering along the diffuser, as it is taken, enters the chudalptel F, which is a conical double casing, closed at the bottom by an automatic stopper 8, inside of which a hollow shaft N is fastened with a spiral tape ending with a power tip W. the part of the shaft above the crosspiece, which strengthens the ridge bearing, carries a pair of blades K, K, which serve for the preliminary sale of chips through the crossbar to the remover. The pressed screw is pressed through an automatic plug, the device of which is clear from the drawing. In order for the pulp under the propeller blades not to protrude back upwards, it is necessary that the juice is also carried along with the screw down and pressed through the sieve cone, after which it returns to the diffuser at the places above the remover protected from the chip shavings. In this way, continuous dirkul and press water are established.

In the upper part, the cylinder ends with a knol P and a pressure pipe 4, which, together with the elevator floor, forms a space completely isolated from the outside air, except for the place where the chips are loaded into the elevator. The entire structure, starting from the overflow level and up to the nano-pipe 4, serves to select the juice and trap the pulp. Both of these operations are performed in the following way: the juice squeezed out from below, at a certain height, must pour over the rim of the cylinder of the diffuser into the annular chute 7 riveted around the circumference of the last and run through pipe J. To separate it from chips and zero, the wall of the cylinder above the specified level is provided with a sieve Catfish 5. Considering the need for continuous and automatic cleaning of the screens in order to avoid clogging and, thereby reducing the production of the diffuser, the cylinder’s part 5, which ends with the dome, rotates

in the annular groove, which is on the cylinder of the diffuser, through a toothed rim mounted on it, which slides relative to the fixed design of the receptacle. On the inside, fixed steel brushes 8 are attached to the diffuser cylinder; protected from the backside by their settling shavings with a square mounted on the rotating part of the diffuser. Thus, rotating the screen cylinder passes squeezed out juice and is cleaned against fixed brushes. The pulp and the pulp is carried along by the stream as it settles towards the remover.

For a more uniform water supply, the E.11I power of the diffuser, water is fed through the hollow shaft N of the puller F to the storage bin D, consisting of a series of turned conical rings E, screwed with shnilkami, and having nozzles S. The rings are fastened with a stem W the shaft and I finish with a nut cutter, with which you can adjust the size of the holes between the rings, and hence the water supply itself. When the nut is clamped and the nozzles are all cut to failure, i.e. the stem W is pulled over and there is a hydraulic head inside the tip, since the nozzle axes are normal to the generator, and the sizes of the two surfaces of each of the rings and their inclination to the axis of the seat are so calculated that the pressure on the ring from the bottom to the top and the top of the insulator are equal; I wait for myself and mutually destroy, then as the rod W is released, the cross sections of all nozzles will increase by exactly the same amount. In this way, by removing or pulling the stem W, it is possible to change the speed of the section with constant flow of fluid.

 At the beginning of the operation, in order to avoid the impact of falling chips on the screw, the remover must be at least half full, with hot water. Thereafter, the elevator and steam supply chips are floated. When the diffuser is filled. At the top, the subsequent water supply starts, the elevator stops and after about 20 minutes