SU115602A2 - Potato harvesting machine - Google Patents

Description

BASIC Auth. St. No. 103140 describes a potato harvester, in which, in order to eliminate potato losses along the edges of the reservoir, there is a push rod drum mounted behind the ploughshares with sharp-edged discs fixed on the front sides to cut off the detachable reservoir, and for better loosening of the last layer behind the stick drum the second drum, with stepped rods around its circumference, rotated at a higher speed than the first drum.

The present invention is aimed at further improving the combine in terms of harvesting potatoes without breaking it down, reducing the loss of tubercles, increasing the efficiency of soil crumbling and separating the tubers from the tops. For this purpose, the device uses a disk gr lift, working in combination with a beater for removing and combing the soil layer.

FIG. 1 shows a machine with a tractor in two projections; in fig. 2-technological scheme of the machine.

A mounted potato harvester is designed to dig up potato tubers, separate them from the tops, raise the ground and drop them onto the soil surface behind the machine.

In a single pass, she removes two rows of potatoes with a spacing of 70-60 cm. The machine is designed to work with the MTZ-2 and KDP-35 tractor. Its working bodies are driven from the tractor's power take-off shaft.

A bracket is welded on the main tubular beam to connect the machine with a hydraulic ram.

Disc crawl elevators, plowshares, beaters, elevator and shaking grid are mounted on the frame.

 115602-2 -

The two disc grades of the pre-lifter 2 are qi indire hollow drums with metal discs welded to the sides. They are fastened to the shaft), rotating in two bearings, rigidly mounted on the frame.

Gr lifts are installed on a certain width between the rows by moving them on the shaft with subsequent locking.

The sharers 3 are used to dig up the potato tubers to the ground and move them to the tines. They are attached to the frame of the machine with the help of elbows and hangers, the upper ends of which are adjustable, providing the required depth of travel.

Upper 4 and lower 5 beaters, having a different speed and direction of rotation, serve to lift the tubers from the ground and separate them from the tops.

The upper beater 4 consists of discs to which are attached eight strips with riveted rubber overlays.

The lower beater 5 also consists of disks, to which eight rubberized strips are welded.

Bar elevator 6 is used to transport potato tubers, separation of crushed earth and other impurities.

The elevator consists of two chains connected by rods. The front part of the elevator web is equipped with adjacent agitators or rollers and rests on two conical frames, and the rear - on two drive shaft sprockets. Bottom of the tilt is supported from sagging with a pair of rollers.

The mounting bar 7 consists of rods welded in the upper part to a square that is pivotally pointed to the frame.

In the working position, the grid is set at an angle of 30 ° to the horizon.

The lower end of the agitator receives oscillations from the tubular oscillator 8.

The frequency of oscillation of the grating per minute is 350 with a radius of 8 mm.

The machine is serviced by a tractor driver. Her work is as follows. Gr hoist lifts 2, rolling over two adjacent clumps of potatoes, carve out a layer of soil with tubers and tops with their flanges. The formation is cut from the bottom by the plowshare 3, clamped last between the flanges and the rim of the under-ram and fed into the passage between the upper 4 and lower 5 beaters. Here the formation undergoes intensive fracture. The upper beater at the same time is a formation remover from disc grinders.

Pass between the beaters, the reservoir enters the rod elevator 5, where the main separation of the earth takes place. The remaining mass from the elevator is fed to the shaking pad 7.

Due to the fact that the shaking grid is set at an angle of 30 to the horizon, not only the soil is sifted, but also the tuber is separated due to the difference in the soil creep angle and the rolling angle of the tubers. The tubers are dumped onto the soil surface behind the mashina, which makes new runs through two adjacent, untidy rows (if the potato does not pick up after the mashina pass).

Subject invention

i. Potato mashina on aut. St. No. 103140, characterized in that, in order to collect clump of potatoes without breaking it down and losing tubers, effectively crumbling the soil and tearing the tubers from the tops, it uses a disk gr under-lift, which works in combination with a beater for removing and combing the soil layer.

2. The potato harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to isolate the tubers from and the bot to the difference in the magnitude of the rolling angle of the tubers and in the values of the friction angles of the tops and soil lumps, applied, obliquely set, shake and 1, and the grid.

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