SU109814A1 - Hammer drill - Google Patents

Description

The subject matter of the invention is a bu-1 and a 1-st hammer with a shock-turn | ) otkrym, mehano-1M kompresseionlo-vacuum type.

The shock-rotary mechanism of the described storm. The hammer is made in the form of a combination of the shock mechanism of a compression-vacuum pump with a rotary mechanism of removal.

The peculiarity of the proposal, for which the hammer is applied, is the use of the rotary mechanism of the percussion drill, in which the striker turns the auger during the working stroke and then strikes.

Such a knocking effect of the rotary mechanism. possible resistances to the rotation of the drill and the drill is perfect, but comparing it with known mechanisms, in which the blow is first struck, and then it is turned.

Hammer turns the drill dynamically due to oblique impact. In this case, the same portion of energy is always taken from the striker, which does not depend on the resistance encountered by the drill when turning into Htnype. Such a device provides stasi. 1 noskoi rokoty shock mechanized and the transfer of a drill of sufficient impact energy regardless of the resistance to shadow rotation of the drill.

With increasing resistance to rotation of the drill, the angle of its rotation in one stroke decreases, and the dynamic rotation of rotation increases accordingly.

Therefore, the drill overcomes the increased resistance to turning in HHVpe If does not get stuck or less often gets stuck. what it happens with the usual ways of turning the drill.

The rotary mechanism provides automatic change of the angle of rotation of the drill depending on the resistance to rotation of the drill encountered by it.

The drawing shows the scheme bzfil1) Nogo mo.totka with the drive from the electric motor or internal combustion engine.

The shock mechanism of the compression-vacuum type has the following Hee ycTpoiieTBo.

The crank L, rotated directly or through a gear (or other) non-electric motor or internal combustion engine, is connected via inotun 2 and pin 3 to the moving cylinder 4, which moves along the guiding ribs 5 of the hammer barrel 6.

Inside the cylinder 4 is freely placed the striker 7, the impact of juid.ii on the shank 8 of the drill. 15eyek has a cylindrical part 9, the length of which is somewhat less than the width of the annular bypass (compensation) grooves 10 in the cylinder. This allows for the operation of the working raised chamber 11 in the cylinder through the annular bypass groove 10 with outside atmospheric air. The mass of cylinder 4 is balanced to the necessary degree by counterweight 12.

Impact mechanism operates as follows.

The reciprocating movement of the striker 7 and its impacts on the shank 8 occurs in the result that when the cylinder 4 is moved to the right, the inertia of the striker mass leads it to lag behind the movement of the cylinder. As a consequence, the length of the working air chamber //. i.e., the airbag becomes a starting point and as a result, a vacuum is formed in the chamber.

The striker under the action of a vacuum reverses to the right.

During the subsequent movement of the cylinder 4 to the left, the oncoming movement of the striker and the cylinder occurs. The length of the air chamber decreases, but when it reaches its initial size, the air cushion is compressed, the striker brakes, stops and then accelerates the striker from right to left, which ends with a blow to the shank 5. Thus, the striker's movement on the blow occurs due to the direct action of the force previously compressed chamber n air.

But the percussion mechanism is kinematically and dynamically connected with the revolving percussion mechanism by means of pivoting projections / 5 striker. When the striker moves, these projections move in the slots / 4 of the swiveling box 5,

the hexagonal hole of which is inserted faceted shank 8 drill. At the same time the protrusions / 5 of the striker are placed in the slots 16 of the resistant sleeve 17.

By means of ratchet dogs 18 and 19 with springs 20 and 2J, the sleeve 7 can be rotated in the head of the barrel 22 in the same way as the box 15, only in one direction.

The head of the barrel 22 using the pin 23 or otherwise fastened to the barrel of the hammer 6.

The rotary mechanism acts as a result of oblique strikes of the rotary protrusions /, striking the inclined surface of the groove 14 of the rotary box 15 (the sloping part of the groove surface starting at a certain distance from the striker position during the main impact), i.e. the drill shank. Consequently, an oblique strike occurs somewhat earlier than the main direct strike, i.e., when the striker is still some distance from the drill shank 8. Thus, at the impact stroke of the striker, when its speed is close to the maximum, an oblique impact occurs, as a result of which the weight of the swiveling axle box / 5 and its associated weight of the drill receive a vrashny impulse, whose energy, i.e. spent on overcoming resistances while rotating the drill.

The rotary percussion mechanism at the same time develops a dynamic moment, the value of which can be very large and depends only on the moment of resistance to rotation of the drill.

Remaining with part of the kinetic energy of the striker is transferred upon impact of the drill shank and is used to destroy the burmy rock.

Due to the presence of the storage dogs J8 and the ratchet teeth on the retaining sleeve 17, the latter, with an oblique impact, turns out to be locked, which ensures the rotation of the axlebox 15.

Ratchet dog 19, not interfering with the working rotation of the axle box 15, stopper the last, preventing reverse rotation, which means that the angle of rotation, and hence the number of revolutions of the drill per minute, is lost.

When the striker reverses (i.e., from left to right), its protrusions 13 slide along the inclined surface of the other side of the groove 14 of the swiveling box 15, and this inclined surface is more canopy and is at some distance from the position of the striker during the main impact. In this reverse movement of the striker, due to the locking of the ratchet dogs 19, the junction box J5 cannot turn in the opposite direction, therefore, the resistant sleeve 17 accordingly rotates, thus occupying a new position and ensuring further rotation of the axle box 15 and the drill after the next oblique impact.

In the case of departure of the tail 8 of the drill forwards, which is possible when the hammer is retracted (when stopping drilling), when the firing pin 7 also moves forward, when the cylinder 4 is moved to the top dead center (right attachment), the working chamber opens and exits into it through the windows of 24 air. In the subsequent1, as the cylinder moves from right to left, the air pressure in the chamber // and the striker 7 to the rotary box 15 is compressed.

In the process of further reciprocating motion of the CI, the linder 4, the firing pin is in a fixed (compressed) state.

i.e. the hammer with the engine running does not produce impacts, and does not rotate the drill. This is the automatic transition of the hammer from the hammer to the idling mode without turning off the engine.

The removal of products from the drill shreds (drilling fines) is performed by flushing the hole with water or blowing air (from a blower) or exhaust gases (in the event of a hammer drive from an internal combustion engine or using the exhaust gases of an engine near an existing car, tractor, motorcycle). Water, air or gases are supplied to the drill through a sleeve fitted onto the thickened cylindrical part 25 of the drill; Through the hole 26, which communicates with the central channel of the drill, water, air or gases enter the hole.

The fixing of the swiveling box 15 in the head of the barrel. 22 is produced by means of a ring 27.

Subject invention

A hammer hammer with a rotary compression-vacuum mechanism, characterized in that, in order to automatically change the angle of rotation of the drill, depending on the perceived resistance, a rotary mechanism of dynamic action is used. .