SU1091739A1 - Device for optical research - Google Patents

Abstract

An optical bench comprising a working plate (1) mounted on a vibration-proof base (2) in a substantially vertical plane with the aid of connecting members (3) arranged in the upper part of the working plate (1). The working plate (1) carries holders (4) for optical elements (5) making up an optical circuit, and a light source (7). Two of the several embodiments described are shown in figs. 1 and 5. <IMAGE>

Description

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F1 / g. / The invention relates to the field of optics and holography and can be used in industrial areas that use optical and holographic methods for scientific research and non-destructive testing, as well as in the creation of a wide-range holographic equipment. Devices are known for performing precision optical and interference studies, consisting of a rigid plate mounted horizontally on a vibration-isolating air cushion, and a set of optical element holders. The disadvantage of these devices is the occurrence of various types of natural oscillations of the working plate, which is associated both with acoustic excitation and with the non-absoluteness of the vibration protection system. The presence of such vibrations leads to a violation of the stability of the optical scheme. The reduction of the amplitude of the natural oscillations of the working plate is achieved by increasing its rigidity, which is achieved in two ways by using special plates with a honeycomb structure of stiffeners or increasing the mass of the working plate. The first requires the use of a special and rather complex technology for the manufacture of working plates, which leads to their high cost. The second leads to very large masses of the working plate, which leads to limitations in the placement of devices. The closest in technical essence to the proposed device is an optical research device consisting of a working plate mounted with transition elements on a vibration-proof base, fixed holders of optical elements and light sources, for example laser. This device is also characterized by the indicated disadvantages. The aim of the invention is to expand the functionality of the device, increase the rigidity and stability of the working plate and its vibration resistance, reduce the mass of the device and improve the working conditions with it, 1 92 The goal is achieved by using an optical research device a plate mounted by means of transitional elements on a vibration-proof base, mounted on the plate holders of optical elements and light sources, such as laser ones, the working plate is arranged vertically and installed mounted on a vibration-proof base using transition elements placed in its upper part; Figures 1-6 illustrate the proposed device, embodiments; 7-9 - options for the layout of optical elements and devices on the frame. . The device contains a working plate 1, transitional support elements 2, vibration-proof bases 3. The proposed scheme provides increased vibration protection of the working plate. It can be seen in Fig. 1 that vibrations from the ground can be transmitted through vibration-proof supports in three directions: vertical, horizontal in the plane of the plate, horizontal and normal to the plane of the plate. Let's call them Z, X and Y, respectively. Vibrations in the Z direction have the greatest amplitude, but they cannot lead to significant deformations of the working plate, since the rigidity of the working plate, determined by its height along the Z axis, is very high, as if it were the thickness equivalent to the horizontal position of the plate. Vibrations in the X and Y directions are horizontal components; their amplitudes are an order of magnitude lower than in the Z direction. When considering possible deformations in the X direction, they are acceptable. the same reasoning as for the Z direction. The situation with vibrations in the Y direction is somewhat more complicated, since they are directed normally to the slab and can induce the plate's own oscillations. To avoid this, it is sufficient to apply a technique widely used in traditional devices for the removal of horizontal vibration components — ball or hinge supports connecting the worktop with a vibration-proof base. In combination with the four reference elements

the menus, which ensure effective vibration absorption, the active element of the vibration-proof base, for example, a rubber-cladding shell, has considerable dissipation (energy), this leads to the complete absence of VIS of the natural plate oscillations from the ground side. The use of a thin plate in combination with a rigid frame only improves the situation.

From practice, it is known that in rooms acoustic noise propagates from the ceiling to the floor and along any direction characteristic of this room, for example, from window to door; noises with other directions have a much smaller amplitude.

With a traditional arrangement, the plate is excited by the most powerful acoustic noise spreading in the plane of the plate. In the proposed device with a vertical direction, optical elements can be excited. It is possible to avoid excitation from the side of the working plate plane by proper orientation when placing the device. There is no such possibility for known devices. .

In order to ensure the rapid damping of the oscillations of the working plate that can occur with impulse effects during random touches, it is advisable to use four vibration-proof supports, two on each side of the working plate, as shown in Fig.2. An increase in the number of supporting elements leads to a decrease in pressure on each of them, which, when using pneumatic vibration-proof supports, leads to a simplification of their design and a decrease in their mass.

To reduce the mass of the working plate, the latter can be chosen sufficiently thin (for example, aluminum 20-30 mm), but it must be enclosed in a rigid frame 4, which can simultaneously perform the functions of a support element, as shown in FIG.

Dp facilitate the transport of the device, as well as to increase its rigidity or vibroprotective base, located on the sides of the working plate, can be rigidly connected in the lower part. The resulting space between the vibroprotection7394

Other bases under the working plate can be used to store various optical elements and to place auxiliary and service devices and devices. A variant of such a device is shown in Fig. 4, where 5 are the elements of rigid connection between vibration-proof supports; 6 - capacitance for optics or instruments.

The proposed device has the following advantages.

It is possible to build optical circuits on both sides of the working plate, as shown in Fig. 7, where 7 are holders with optical elements.

Convenience is provided in the placement of one or two lasers, which are mounted either on a shelf lying and fastened to a working one. plate - (in the performance of the device in the variant shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), or on the frame in which the working plate is enclosed (in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and 4). The layout of this arrangement of the laser 8 is shown in Fig.8. The output of the laser radiation to the optical circuit is carried out by a conventional periscopic device (not shown in the drawings). It should be noted that this arrangement ensures the isolation of the optical circuit and the working plate from the thermal effect of the laser. The stiffness of the connection between the laser and the working plate is naturally and very high.

It is possible to easily and conveniently place several lasers, which in this case it is advisable to install on one side of the working plate, optical circuits are assembled on the other side, as shown in Fig. 9, where

9 — supports for mounting lasers. I

Radiation output, as in the previous section, is performed by periscopic devices.

Such an arrangement ensures complete isolation of the optical circuit and the working plate from the thermal effects of lasers and, at the same time, optimal conditions for their cooling; scheni

It is possible to isolate the optical circuit from air currents and acoustic noise. For this, the device (Fig. 3) is sufficient to provide a cap 10, made of sound-absorbing material, as shown in Fig. 5. The cover 10 may be removable, opening or lifting. The cap can be hermetically sealed, while providing the possibility of operating the optical circuit in a controlled atmosphere, which is important in the study of recording media and crystals.

The proposed device can be implemented in the form of a wall-mounted version, which makes it possible to create inexpensive devices for artistic holography, including for domestic purposes, and for educational demonstrations in schools and technical schools. In this case, the anti-vibration bases are fixed, as shown in Fig. 6 directly to P.'s wall

In the proposed device, the analogs and the prototype provide great convenience in operation, since the optical elements are located in front of the researcher and are easily accessible for installation and configuration.

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Claims (1)

DEVICE FOR OPTICAL STUDIES, consisting of a working plate mounted using transition elements on a vibration-proof base, fixed to a plate of holders of optical elements * and light sources, such as laser, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality of the device, increase rigidity and stability of the working plate and its vibration protection, reducing the weight of the device and improve- working conditions. the plate is located vertically and mounted on a vibration-proof base with the help of transition elements located in its upper part.