SU107372A1 - Flare furnace for burning fine-grained moist fuel - Google Patents

Description

The known furnaces of low-power steam boilers, designed for burning milled peat and other fine-grained moist fuels, are made in the form of two chambers, each equipped with its own grate and separated from each other by a separate slide with a straight front surface, have the disadvantage that before combustion, they are unsatisfactory, as a result of which part of the fuel does not have time to burn in the furnace volume and is carried to the boiler chimneys and then to the chimney.

The furnace according to the invention eliminates this disadvantage in that the frontal surface of the separating slide is curved, resulting in a flow of the air-fuel mixture twisting and forming a vortex rotating around the horizontal axis towards the front wall of the furnace towards the movement of gases. This measure accelerates the drying of fuel, and at the same time, burning it in the furnace volume. The presence in the first chamber of two mines, equipped with separate grates, also contributes to the improvement of combustion, since the first shaft enhances the drying of the fuel, and the second stabilizes the combustion of the fuel in a whirlwind.

The drawing shows a longitudinal section of the furnace.

The firebox has two cameras.

The first chamber 7 is designed for drying, gasifying and burning fuel; the second chamber 2 is for the afterburning of gaseous and solid fuel elements unburned in the first chamber.

In the first chamber of the furnace, two shafts 3 and 4 are placed. The first — the drying shaft 3 — is placed at the front wall of the furnace, has a grate at the base.

The second shaft 4 (incendiary shaft), located in the middle of the first chamber, also has a grill and is designed to maintain a constant layer-by-layer combustion process in order to stabilize the combustion to the vortex formed above the layer of burning fuel.

In this vortex, the bulk of small particles of fuel burn in a suspended state.

A vortex is created from the field blowing air coming from the box 5 through the slotted nozzle 6, which passes across the entire furnace.

The air flow from the blowing slit flows in the direction from the front of the boiler to the curved surface of the slide 7, which separates the first and second chambers. The curvilinear surface has the purpose to create a turbulence of the gas-air-fuel mixture and form a working vortex in the first chamber.

With the passage of gas from the first

The second chamber in the upper dome is located a slit 8 of the secondary (sharp blowing) to squeeze the gas flow down to the afterburning lattice located in the second chamber.

The fuel is fed into the furnace by a feeder 9 from the fuel hose 10, through a slit // made in the upper arch of the furnace.

From the gap, the fuel enters a sloping hump 12, having a plane located at an angle of 45 ° to the horizon.

On the hill, the fuel undergoes separation. The smallest particles (dust) spill through the slit 13 between the vaults of the hill and immediately fall into the vortex of burning fuel. In a whirlwind, they dry out, ignite and burn quickly.

Larger parts of the fuel fly over the gap between the arches of the hill, slide off the lower arch of the hill and fall into the gaseous environment of the periphery of the vortex, fly it, partially drying it, and enter the drying area 3.

Fuel is burning in a fluidized bed in this mine. With the flow of hot gases, part of the burning particles of fuel is carried out of the mine, enters the zone of the red-hot flame of the vortex, where it burns. Larger particles are burned in the mine grate.

The flow of gases with burning particles of fuel coming out of the drying shaft activates the burning process in the vortex.

Of those fuel particles that fall into the main vortex, small particles are burned in a suspended state in the vortex, while larger ones fall on the grid of the incendiary mine, where they are burned in the layer.

The layer process under the vortex proceeds continuously, maintaining a high temperature in it, which ensures the combustion of fuel with a high degree of moisture.

The vortex of the furnace has a direction of rotation against the direction of movement of the gases, thereby creating a "fire shutter" that prevents the passage of unburned fuel particles into the second chamber.

Only with strong forces or wet fuel, some of the unburned particles of fuel will not have time to burn in the chamber /. These particles are squeezed onto the afterburner by an air stream coming from nozzles located in the upper dome, where they burn down.

The removal of focal residues from the blower chambers of the iron is made by flushing the inclined troughs into the general hydraulic ash removal system with a jet of water.

Subject invention

1. A flare-layer furnace for burning fine-grained moist fuel, having two chambers, equipped with grates and separated by a separating slide, and operating under the conditions of formation in the first chamber of a vortex nj.TeM air supply through a nozzle slot at the bottom of the chamber, with a fraction of -1 gannaya unburned fuel particles in the second chamber, about tl and so that, in order to clean the fresh fuel and prevent it from being carried into the boiler, the separation hill has a curvilinear frontal surface for deflecting the flow of the air-fuel mixture to the front of the firebox. meet the movement.