SU1069682A1 - Method of cleaning root vegetables from plant residues - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for cleaning root crops from plant residues, including knocking out vegetable residues from rows of root crops, which are crushed when loosening the interrow, all operations are carried out by means of working elements attached to the horizontal shaft, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency cleaning of root crops, loosening of the central zone between the rows is made to a lesser depth than the zones between the rows adjacent to rows of root crops.

Description

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Srik.1 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods and machines for harvesting root crops, such as sugar beet. There is a known method and device for cleaning root crops from plant residues, including churning plant residues from rows of root crops into the aisle with subsequent grinding of plant residues between the rows by means of fixed on one horizontal shaft of the working elements 1. However, with this method of harvesting, some of the undermined root crops , high above the floor, the head cleaner kicks out of the soil with scourges, which leads to a loss of root crop yield and a reduction in the quality of work. Root crops knocked out of a row are either injured when digging or do not fall on the digging machines at all. In addition, the overall energy intensity of the harvesting process remains high, since only the redistribution of energy consumption between the harvesting machines occurs. The disadvantages of the known root cleaner are the incomplete grinding of plant residues. All of them remain between the rows, which does not preclude clogging of root-harvesting machines, especially when working on littered floors. Closest to the present invention is a method of cleaning root crops from plant residues, including knocking down plant residues from rows of root crops, which are crushed when loosening the rows, while all operations are carried out by means of work elements fixed on the horizontal shaft. This method is carried out by a device that contains a horizontal shaft carrying sections of chopping knives placed between sections of the working bodies for cleaning the beet roots mounted on the same shaft 2. The disadvantage of the known method and device is making choppers of the same length, which leads to a lack of efficiency of grinding plant residues with a small amount of their deepening, while the knife shredders do not provide an effective weakening of the bond between the fruits and the soil. When the shredder's knives are buried deeper, the effectiveness of weakening the connection of the root crops with the soil is provided, but the energy consumption of the harvesting equipment 1 82 rises sharply due to the increase in its resistance. The purpose of the invention is to increase the cleaning efficiency of root crops. The goal is achieved by loosening the central zone between the rows at a lower depth than the zones between the rows adjacent to the rows of the Lods. FIG. 1 shows schematically a device for carrying out the method, rear view; in fig. 2 shows a cleaning machine carrying a device for carrying out the method, side view. The harvesting machine contains a topper 1, a device 2 for cleaning a number of root crops from plant residues. Following the device 2 on. Digging tools 3 are installed on the machine. Device 2 is made in the form of a horizontal shaft 4, carrying sections with cleaning work elements 5, alternating with sections of knives of shredders 6 and 7 for shredding plant residues and for loosening the aisles, while the central knives of shredders 7 have a shorter length than the extreme knives-shredders 6. The method is carried out as follows. When the harvesting machine moves along the rows of root crops, the tops are trimmed with a topper 1, and the aftertreatment of the heads of the root crops is performed by the working elements 5 of the device 2. Simultaneously with the aftertreatment of the heads of the root crops, the crop residues are transported to the inter-row, where they are ground by means of shredders 6 and 7, which loose between the holes and close up plant residues into the soil. Loosening between the rows near the rows of root crops is made to the full depth from the location to reliably disturb the roots with the ground, and the centers between the rows are loosened to a lesser depth to close up plant residues, eliminating the likelihood of clogging of digging tools 3. Application of the proposed method of harvesting root crops and a device for its implementation will reduce the energy intensity, improve the quality of work and reduce the loss of root crops by reducing the number of knocked out Ornipropes In addition, due to the partial planting of plant residues, the clogging of the root-shredding machines of the digging machine is excluded.

Claims (1)

METHOD FOR CLEANING ROOTS FROM VEGETABLE RESIDUES, including knocking down plant residues from rows of root crops, which are crushed when loosening row spacings, while all operations are carried out by means of work elements fixed on a horizontal shaft, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of cleaning root crops, loosening the central zone of row spacings produce to a shallower depth than the row-spacing zones adjacent to the rows of root crops. figure 1 Q0 yo