SU1068585A1 - Vibrated grapple for sinking blast holes - Google Patents

Abstract

1. VIBROGREYFER FOR PASSING OF DUMPS, including the vibrator, the drive installed on the case of the vibrator by means of the spring shock-absorber,. the jaw. with a drive in the form of a screw pair and a vibro-impact glass, the upper part of which is connected to the vibrator’s $ 1 orbit, and the lower hinge is connected to the jaws, characterized in that, in order to improve and penetrate the path by intensifying operations introduction, as well as unloading, vibration grab equipped. traversing with hinges connected with the jaws and spring clamps installed with the possibility of interaction with the vibro-impact glass, and the screw of the screw pair in its lower part is made in the form of a rod of the necrovular cross-section and with a stop wire located between the screw part and the rod non-circular cross section, and provided with a rock pusher with wedge unevenly high elements, while the rod with its part of non-circular cross section is placed inside the spring clamps with the possibility of longitudinal movement and interaction of the wedge x of unequal height elements with spring clamps, and the traverse is installed with the possibility of interaction with the thrust piece, and the vibrating glass has an additional vibrator installed between its upper part and the vibrator case. 2.- Vibro-grab according to claim 1, about tl and cha: the rock ejector with wedge uneven-height elements is equipped with auger tube (L nickname, and in the upper part with a bar of a non-circular cross section, made as a continuation of the lower part Screw. 3. The vibratory grab according to claim 1, that is, and that the additional vibrator is made in the form of a gear support fixed on the inside of the vibro-impact cup and rollers mounted on the body of the vibrator with the possibility of interaction with the gear support. .. 4. Vibration grab according to claim 1, otlie SH) t that, with the aim of the joint venture :: creating additional torsional vibrations, the spring damper was made in the form of a torsion spring with fixed ends on the drive and the vibrator case,

Description

The invention relates to geological work 3jBeflO4HHM i and relates to tools for drilling holes in pile-gravel rocks, such as grabs to drilling rigs. A drilling tool for penetrating holes is known, including closing jaws and a rod for ejecting rock when the SR is unloaded. The disadvantage of this device is the presence of a hydraulic drive for closing the blades and is not enough for efficiency when introduced into the rock. The closest to the invention is a vibration grab, which includes a vibrator, a drive mounted on the housing of the vibrator by means of a spring damper, a screw-shaped jaw driven and a vibrating cup, the upper part of which is connected to the housing of the vibrator, and the lower hinge is connected to the jaw C. A disadvantage of the known vibro-grater is low efficiency at insertion and unloading. The purpose of the invention is to increase the pro. the productivity of penetration by integrating the implementation operations as well as unloading. This goal is achieved by the fact that an oscillator for penetration of a hole containing a vibrator, a drive mounted on the housing of the vibrator with the aid of a spring shock absorber, a screw-operated jaw and a vibrating cup, the upper part of which is connected to the housing of the vibrator and the bottom pivotally connected with the jaws, provided with a cross-bar with rods pivotally connected with the jaws and with spring clamps, which are installed with the ability to interact with the vibro-impact glass, and the screw of the screw pair in its lower part is made in the form of A non-circular cross section and with an overhang located between the screw part and a rod of an uncured cross section, and equipped with a rock pusher with wedge uneven elements, while the stem with its non-circular cross section is located inside the spring retainers with the possibility of longitudinal movement, and the wedge part is different. clamps, and the traverse is installed with the ability to interact with the stubborn skid, and the vibro-impact glass has an additional vibrator installed between the upper part and the vibrator ijopnycoM .. In addition, the ejector wedge rocks uneven elements borer provided with a screw, and the upper part - the rod of non-circular section, made in the form of pro-Dold | audio. the lower part of the screw, while the additional vibrator is made in the form of a toothed support mounted on the inner part of the vibro-impact glass and rollers mounted on the body of the vibrator with the ability to interact with the toothed support, the spring damper being made in the form of a torsion spring with fixed ends on the drive and the body of the vibrator . Fig. 1 shows a vibrating grab; Fig. 2 shows a vibrating grab with a raised screw and closed blades; Fig. 3 shows a traverse with locks; Fig. 4 shows section A-A in Fig. 3; - figure 5 and b - the work of a replaceable rock ejector. The vibro-grab for penetration of bores has a drive 1, a vibrator body 2, between which a spring 3 is installed with ends rigidly fixed in the body of the drive and the body. The lower end of the body is provided with an annular striker 4, the middle part has a roller support 5 of an additional vibrator 6. The housing has spring-loaded springs 7 with ball bearings 8, as well as a vibrator 9 with rollers 10, ball bearing 11 and gear 12 supports. The design of the vibrating grab includes a screw 13 with a thrust belt 14 and a nut 15, which are located in an insulated chamber 16 formed by the housing 2 and the walls of the vibrator E. The screw 13 is screwed into the nut 15 fixed in the B-upper part of the housing 2. The lower part of the screw 13 passes into the bar 17 of a non-circular cross section, (FIG. 1). The rod 17 passes through a non-circular opening of the bottom 18 of the crosspiece 19 and the non-circular central holes of the spring-loaded clamps 20 and 21. The rod 17 ends up with a replaceable tip 22. A drilling tool, such as a screw bit 23 or a rock ejector 24, can be used in the replacement tip 22 . The replaceable tips in the lower part are equipped with wedge elements of different height 25. The clips 20 and 21 are two sleeves 26. and 27 with non-circular central openings with latches-clamps 28 and 29, which are installed in the guide slots of the bottom 18 and the crosshead cover 30. The clips 20 and 21 are installed under each other with the possibility of sliding, and the latches-clamps 28 and 29 pass through the radial windows of the cross member 19 and rest with their upper surfaces on the toothed support 12, associated with the vibro-impact glass 31. The gear 12 in the month taper cone with vib-. rotary, glass 31 is equipped with an anvil 32. Vibro shock glass 31 in the upper part is equipped with a gear

support 33. The bottom of the vibro-impact glass is equipped with a shoe 34 with grooves, in which the jaws 36 of the grapple are articulated with the help of the axes 35. With the help of t g 37 with axis 38, the jaws 36 are pivotally connected to the crosshead. 19 Vibro shock glass. 31 has a technological hole 39. The tool is lowered onto the face in the initial position shown in FIG.

From the drilling machine through the pressure rod, the axial force and the left rotation are transmitted to the drive coupling 1, and then through the spring 3 to the housing 2. Then the csal force through the nut 15, the screw 13 and the rod 17 is transferred to the screw drill 23. The rotation to the screw drill 23 is transmitted directly through the nut 15, as well as the tool body 2 :, the body of the vibrator 9, the rollers and the side face surfaces of the cams of the toothed support 12, the vibro-impact glass 31, the jaw 36, and then through the bars, 37 and the bottom 18, traverse 19,

As the auger bore hole 23 deepens, the tool's jaws 36 come into contact with the bottom hole rock. When turning the tool, the jaw 36 will calibrate the bottom hole.

The reduction of the jaws 36 will be hampered by the reaction of the bottom of the rock due to the wedge shape of the cross section - the jaws, as well as the fixation of the crosshead.

19 and t dam 37 from the longitudinal movement. This is achieved by stopping sa 14 between the screw 13 and the rod 17, which rests against the bottom 18 of the crosshead, as well as the retainers

20 and 21 traverses 19.

As the jaws 36 deepen and when large boulders meet, the power increases dramatically, spending the tool turning the instrument. This serves as a signal for switching the left rotation to the right. When the pressure bar rotates right, the body 2 will begin to rotate relative to the vibro-impact glass with the toothed support. The rollers, raids on the cams of the gear support 12, will lift the body relative to the vibro-impact glass 31 and crossheads 19. When the rollers slide from the teeth of the firing pin 4 of the body 2, they will strike the anvil 32 of the gear support 12, and consequently, the vibro-impact glass 31. Thanks the fact that the diameter of the rollers is somewhat less than the height of the teeth of the gear support 12, the impact of the striker will be fully transmitted to the anvil.

The axial pressure, pressing the jaw 36 to the bottom, is transmitted only at the moment of contact of the rollers with the teeth of the toothed support 12 and the contact of the striker 4 with the anvil 32. In this connection.

in order to increase the efficiency of insertion of the plates 36, springs 7 are installed with ball bearings 8, which ensure a constant pressing of the blades on the face.

During rotation of the housing 2, the frequency of impacts will depend on the number of teeth of the toothed support 12 and the number of revolutions of the pressure rod. The energy of single impacts depends on the height of the teeth and the axial force transmitted through the pressure rod and the spring 3 JKOpnycy 2 (taking into account the reaction of the clamping springs 7).

In the process of operation of the vibrator due to the forces of friction arising from the movement of the rollers through the cams, there are forces that twist the spring 3.

 Thus, when the pressure rod rotates and the jaws penetrate into the rock face, torsional vibrations will occur, which will also contribute to an increase in the intensity of the penetration of the blades into the rock. The frequency and energy of torsional vibrations also depend respectively on the frequency of rotation of the housing 2, the number of teeth and 07 axial EFFORT transmitted through the housing 2 to the rollers. In addition, the spring 3 performs the role of a conventional shock absorber significantly reducing the harmful effects of vibro-impact loads on the drilling machine. Reliable fixation of the jaws 36 from the convergence, transfer of the impact of the blades to the straight and large surface rf close contact between the end surfaces of the jaws and the shoe 34 vibro shock glass 31 contribute to the efficient transfer of impact energy. Klinova The shape of the jaws also contributes to an increase in the efficiency of their introduction into loose rock with hard inclusions.

The duration of the straight insertion of the jaws into the rock depends on the length of the part of the screw corresponding to the length of the rod with an interchangeable tip of the screw and nut thread pitch, as well as the frequency of rotation of the pressure rod.

Crank construction. Shoe 34 allows the jaws 36 to penetrate into the rock when they are inserted and dive into areas with the least resistance (for example, the jaws can slide off the edges of the boulders and deepen into the spaces between the latter, fall into the cracks with their tips and push them apart, move from dense clay areas to areas of loose sand inclusions, etc.). When the jaws 36 are inserted into the rock, the vibrozabivaya cup 31 is securely fixed from further circular movement. Simultaneously with this fi | It is rotated by twisting the rod 37 and the yoke 19. As the nut 15 is rotated, the screw 13 together with the rod 17 and the screw drill 23 will be raised. During the lifting of the auger screw 23 from the pilot well, it can be pinched by solid inclusions that have fallen out of the walls. As a result, additional axial forces will arise, which will also facilitate the introduction of the jaws into the rock face. When the wedge raznovy elements 25 spring clamps of the upper part of the traverse 19, the elements 25 at the same time will enter into the non-circular central holes of the locks 26 and 27 and move them together with the latch clamps 28 and 29 to the center of the tool. The traverse 19, thus unfixed, under the action of the axial force of the screw .13 rises up. At the same time, the rods 37 will also rise up and close the jaws 36. Simultaneously with the closing of the jaws, the vibro-impact glass will be raised and pressed with screws 13 to the housing 2. Time for closing the jaws 36 is determined depending on the length of the part of the screw equal to the distance from the clamps to the body and the corresponding movement of the plugs 37 while the jaws are mixed with simultaneous vibrations, from the screw pitch 13 and nut 19 and the rotational speed of the pressure bar. The total length of the screw 13 is defined as the sum of the lengths of its parts working during the direct introduction of the jaws into the rock and during the closing. Due to the closure of the jaws with simultaneous vibration (axial and torsional), as well as the weakening of the rock formations, the pre-drilled pilot bore makes it easier to close the jaws. With the complete closure of the jaws, the lower part of the sleep becomes conical. By varying the power spent on the rotation of the pressure rod, it is possible to judge the end of the operation of filling the tool and closing the jaws. Immediately after closing the jaws, the tool rises onto the surface of the machine winch on the straight rope. To unload the tool, a container is rolled under it, a fixing pin is inserted into the technological opening 39 of the vibrating glass 34 and the machine switches to left rotation. In this case, the operation of the tool mechanisms will occur in the reverse order. The screw 13 will begin to unscrew from the nut 15, the vibro-shock cup 31 together with the jaws will fall down and push its gear 33 into the rollers 5 of the additional vibrator 6 of the housing 2. With further movement of the rod 17 and its exit from the tool, the screw drill 23 performs the role rock ejector. If there are large boulders at the bottom, when it is impossible to drill a pilot well, a short disk-type rock pusher 24 can be installed as a replacement tip 22 (figure 1 is shown by dotted lines V. When the screw aperture C emerges from the tool, the gear teeth move simultaneously the supports 33 on the rollers 5 of the additional vibrator 6. The vibration arising in this case will facilitate the release of the tool from the rock, simultaneously with the removal of the rock, using the rock ejector 24. The intensification of rock unloading is especially important when there is a large amount of clay and silt inclusions in the boulder-gravel material, which are prone to sticking to the walls and jaws of the instrument. By the time the rock is completely unloaded, the latch clamps 28 and 29 exit the chamber 16 and fix the jaws 36 in the working position. By this moment, the juice 14 that is resistant will come to the bottom 18 and support the traverse. The tool can be lowered after the container with the rock is rolled away from the mouth of the pit. With the descent of the tool to the bottomhole and the inclusion of left rotation, the operations on the excavation of the hole are repeated. The construction of the projectile with freely rotated vibro-impact glass 31, two vibrators 6 and 9 allows the opening and closing of the jaws in almost any hole interval. In these cases, the fixation of the vibro-impact glass 31 from turning is achieved by frictional forces between the glass and the walls of the hole. Due to the drilling of the pilot hole, contributing to the weakening of the rocks at the face of the hole, a combination of such intensifying factors as head, axial force and torsional vibration, the productivity of penetration increases significantly. The presence of a vibro-impact on the loose water-cut rock also contributes to its weakening due to the liquefaction effect. The vibration of the tool when closing the jaws prevents the formation of skeletons of stiffness, which contributes to an increase in its filling ratio. An increase in the number of intermediate operations from the technological cycle, for example, the need for additional descent of the drilling tool to drill a pilot well, also contributes to productivity growth.

and for sizing operations at the pit hole.

The productivity of the drilling of the jerf with the proposed tool can be enhanced by the possibility of the operational control over the progress of individual operations in the complex of the tunnel cycle. By changing the increase and decrease in the power consumption costs of the tool rotation, you can determine the beginning and end of the pilot hole drilling, the start and end of the hole pit calibration, the introduction and closing of the jaws, as well as their opening. This allows you to determine the end of a single operation in time and switch the machine to the next one.

In the proposed tool, the transition from some operations to the next occurs automatically. These operations include: drilling - pilot-skvakhs and calibration of the bottom hole; introduction of the jaws into the bottom formation and closure of the jaws.

In the vibro-trap, the unloading operation is intensified due to the use simultaneously with the simple opening of the jaws an additional effect on the rock of the ejector, as well as the vibration of the vibratory shock glass and jaw. The speed of deepening into the rock, closing of the jaws and unloading is facilitated by the ability to promptly regulate the modes of operation of the tool when the mining conditions of its operation change. The modes of operation of the tool are achieved by changing the axial pressure and frequency of rotation of the tool. After examining the conditions of the pits, you can pick up and install in

tool gear support 12 with a rational number of teeth. The ability to adjust the parameters of the tool operation mode at the bottomhole is a significant advantage of the proposed tool compared to the known ones.

The proposed design of the vibrating grab allows you to repeat individual operations of the operating cycle without extracting it to the surface. In addition, the design of the vibration grab makes it possible to use vibration loads to propel it along the trunk in the event that pieces of rock squeeze out of the excavation walls.

The design of the projectile provides for the use of separate units for performing several technological functions, which greatly simplifies its design, reduces weight, reduces size, creates convenience and increases reliability in operation.

In view of the fact that the proposed vibrating grab is intended for the assembly of self-propelled drilling rigs without their significant alteration, the latter will contribute to an increase in the utilization rate of the drilling rigs. After completion of the excavation of the holes, the vibrating grab is removed, and the drilling rigs can be used as intended.

The invention makes it possible to drastically increase the efficiency of geological exploration in the exploration of loose building materials, such as sand and gravel, boulder and gravel, as well as ossyp deposits of nonferrous and rare metals and precious stones.

FIG. /.

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36

7

38 36 3S

FIG. 2

FIG. five

Claims (4)

1. VIBROGRAPHER FOR PUNCHING, including a vibrator, a drive mounted on the body of the vibrator. using a spring shock absorber,. jaws with a drive in the form of a helical pair and a vibro-impact glass, the upper part of which is connected to the vibrator body and the lower one is pivotally connected to the jaws, especially since, in order to increase the performance of the track -> the tensification of the operations of implementation, as well as unloading, the grab grapple is equipped. traverse with rods pivotally connected to the JAWs and spring clamps installed with the possibility of interacting with a vibro-impact glass, and the screw of the screw pair in its lower part is made in the form of a rod of a non-cross section and with a thrust belt located between the screw part and the rod non-circular section, and is equipped with a rock ejector with wedge elements of different heights, while the rod with its part of non-circular section is placed inside the spring retainers with the possibility of longitudinal movement and interaction of the wedge aznovysokih elements with spring retainers, and the traverse is arranged to interact with the thrust belt, the vibration, impact glass has a second vibrator mounted between the upper part and the housing of the vibrator. 2. · Vibrogreyfer by π.1, l and m of aspirants that vytalkiva- _l breed Tel wedge raznovysoki- £ E is provided with screw elements borer, while the upper part - shtangsy noncircular cross section shaped as a continuation of the bottom part screw 3 ·. The vibro-grab according to claim 1, with the exception that the additional vibrator is made in the form of a gear support and rollers mounted on the inside of the vibro-shock glass and mounted on the vibrator body with the possibility of interaction with gear support. 4. Vibro grapple according to π.ϊ, characterized in that, in order to create additional torsional vibrations, a spring yen in the form of a spring has flax ends on a vibrator. cushioned shock absorber with fixed drive and housing 00 SB.