SK105295A3 - Travel for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The running gear supports a bogie or vehicle framework (6), on spring elements on the bearing cases (5) of its wheel-sets (7), in order to permit longitudinal and transverse play. On one side, the bearing case is connected to the framework by a link (10) mounted on universal joints at its bearing points (12, 13), and which is aligned approaching the horizontal, at a distance (a) above or below the horizontal centreline (4) of the axle of the wheel-set. A vertical or sloping shock absorber (3), which is preferably staggered from the vertical centreline (1) of the axle, is provided to absorb vertical motions resulting from rotations of the bearing case. The shock absorber can be replaced or supplemented by dampers on the bearing points of the link. A longitudinal damper at a different level from the link, or a transverse damper (15) between the case and the bogie or framework, may also be fitted.

Description

Trolley for rolling stock

Technical field

The invention relates to a rolling stock traveling in which a bogie or vehicle frame is supported by means of spring elements on wheelset bearing bodies guided with longitudinal and transverse play.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

It is known that in rolling stock, due to the high speed, the longitudinal stiffness of the wheelsets must be very high, i.e. to achieve running parameters. the wheelsets must be rigid in the longitudinal direction. In passenger cars this problem is solved eg. using a guide whose force line extends through the center of the axle or two guides which force parallel running of the wheelset in the vertical direction. However, these solutions entail the fact that the wheelset can no longer be radially adjusted and thus increases the wear of the wheel and rail when driving in a curve. In recent years, different railways, respectively. railways, more and more rails favorable to the rails, ie. wear of wheels and rails is minimized by good radial adjustability of wheelsets.

DE 4240098 discloses a solution which fulfills the requirements of rigid wheel guidance and radial adjustability. However, this technical solution is very expensive.

DE 3904203A1 discloses damping embodiments in which longitudinal dampers are arranged between the bearings of one wheelset and the other wheelset (or second wheelset) and, for damping transverse movement, either additional transverse dampers or the transverse movements are damped by rods and steering levers, also. Although this positioning can dampen the relative rotational movements between the wheelsets, they have the disadvantage that a large number of dampers or heavy rods and steering levers with significant wear phenomena must be used. Furthermore, German patent application no. P 42 42 685.5 known axle damping device operating in all three planes in which the axle movements are damped by elastically loaded axle steering. However, this embodiment has the disadvantage that it is difficult to mount in the confined space for its installation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a rolling stock which enables high-speed steering and damping of special axle guidance and damping arrangements and low stress on wheelsets and rails, particularly in small curves, while reducing production costs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object is solved by a rail vehicle according to the invention, which is characterized in that the wheel bearing body supporting the bogie or vehicle frame on both sides by means of spring elements is unilaterally connected to the bogie or vehicle frame by axle guide, articulated at a specified distance below or above the center of the axle, mounted approximately in a cardan fashion at both ends.

It has been found that in this case it is possible to use gimbal points, either designed as wear-resistant and maintenance-free (eg with silentblocks) or as friction damping (eg with pre-stressed spherical segments).

According to a further feature of the invention, they can be positioned, preferably outside the vertical, for damping the movements of the wheel bearing housing unilaterally connected by means of an axle guide at a predetermined distance below or above the horizontal center of the axle by means of a joint articulated to the chassis or vehicle. vertical dampers arranged vertically or perpendicular to the vertical, or offset longitudinally or vertically from the axle guide. transverse dampers.

It is also possible to combine the three types of damping together.

Explanation of the attached pictures

An embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a view of the carriage and Fig. 2 is a schematic side view with an additional longitudinal damper.

Example

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, there is a chassis or frame 6 on the frame. at least one vertical damper 3 for each wheel bearing bearing body 5 is provided. A vertical damper 3 is mounted between the vertical center 1 of the axle and the center 2 of the helical spring 9 of the axle, either vertically or at an angle to the vertical. By the magnitude of this angle, it is known to vary the damping ratio of the vertical damper 3 in the horizontal transverse direction. If desired, the transverse damping, as shown in FIG. 1, can be provided by a separate transverse damper 15 which is mounted between the wheel bearing housing 5 and the frame 6.

The axle guide 10 is located in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at the bearing point 12 on the wheel bearing housing 5 and at the bearing point 13 on the frame 6 so that its force line 11 extends at a distance from the horizontal center 4 of the axle. By varying the distance a, the longitudinal stiffness of the wheelset 7 and the driving behavior of the vehicle as well as the wear between the wheel and the rail can be influenced.

The increase in longitudinal stiffness is achieved by the following principle of action:

The wheelset 7 moves sinusoidally in the rail (running track) while the rail vehicle is traveling. In this case, the wheelset 7 is deflected from its normal position. In a conventional rail vehicle, the biasing elements counteract this deflection in the longitudinal direction.

In a vehicle equipped with axle guides 10 according to the present invention, in addition to the existing longitudinal stiffness of the springs, an additional force component is used to increase the longitudinal forces to deflect the wheelset 7. This additional component results from the wheelset 7 having to reach position 8 (wheelset) rotate) the wheel bearing housing 5, which is connected to the frame 6 by means of an axle guide 10 and thereby pull the vertical spring elements by a certain amount (distance) f. press. The resulting force pair generates a moment which causes the wheelset 7 to return to the theoretical vertical center 1 of the axle. The magnitude of this torque depends on the vertical distance and between the horizontal center 4 of the axle and the force line 11 of the axle guide 10. The smaller the distance and the greater the longitudinal stiffness of the 7th wheel guide. ·

According to a further feature of the invention, the rotational movements of the axle bearing body 5 are damped by vertical dampers 3 arranged spaced from the vertical center and the axle vertically or at an angle to the vertical and / or via the cardan points 12, 13. the bearings of the axle guides 10 (e.g., prestressed spherical segments). designed as friction dampers. Due to the damping of these movements, according to the present invention, it is also possible to consider the location of a longitudinal damper 14, spaced from the height of the axle guide 10.

Claims (1)

Rolling stock in which the bogie or vehicle frame is supported by spring elements on the wheel bearing housings, guided with longitudinal and transverse clearance, characterized in that it is located one-sided between the frame (6) and the wheel bearing housing (5) above or below the horizontal center (4) of the axle an approximately horizontal axis (10) of the axle, with articulated points (12, 13) in a cardan joint manner, which line of force (11) extends at a distance (a) to the horizontal center (4) of the axle and that, in order to dampen the rotational movements of the wheel bearing housing (5) resulting from the unilateral arrangement of the axle guide offset from the horizontal center (4) of the axle, it is preferably offset, vertically or obliquely to the vertical, to the vertical center (1) , the positioned vertical damper (3) and / or the simultaneously articulated bearing points (12, 13) are designed as a friction damper e. Travel according to claim 1, characterized in that a longitudinal damper (14) is positioned on it, offset from the axle guide (10). Travel according to claim 1, characterized in that between the wheel bearing housing (5) and the bogie frame (6) or the bogie frame (6). a transverse damper (15) is located in the vehicle.