SI9300264A

SI9300264A - Device for charging chemical sources of electric energy by modulated alternating current

Info

Publication number: SI9300264A
Application number: SI9300264A
Authority: SI
Inventors: Goran Milutinovic; Niko Bajt
Original assignee: Nemo D O O Dr; Ivena D O O
Priority date: 1993-05-19
Filing date: 1993-05-19
Publication date: 1994-12-31
Also published as: AU6811494A; WO1994027352A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for charging chemical sources of electrical energy by means of modulated alternating current which enables extremely rapid charging secondary chemical sources of electrical energy-accumulators or recharging primary chemical sources of electrical energy-batteries on the operating temperature of a chemical source. The present invention for charging chemical sources of electrical energy by means of alternating current is based on the application of specifically modulated alternating charging current for every type of a reversible chemical source.

Description

Predmet izuma je naprava za polnjenje kemičnih izvorov električne energije s pomočjo moduliranega izmeničnega toka, ki omogoča ekstremno kratke čase polnjenja sekundarnih kemičnih izvorov električne energije - akumulatorjev, oziroma dopolnjevanje primarnih kemičnih izvorovThe subject of the invention is a device for charging chemical sources of electricity by means of a modulated alternating current, which allows extremely short charging times for secondary chemical sources of electricity - batteries, or for supplementing primary chemical sources

-2električne energije - baterij. Izum spada v razred H 02J 7/02 mednarodne patentne klasifikacije.-2electric energy - batteries. The invention belongs to the class H 02J 7/02 of the international patent classification.

Tehnični problem, ki ga predložen izum uspešno rešuje je izvedba takšne naprave za polnjenje sekundarnih kemičnih izvorov električne energije, ki bo bistveno zmanjševala čas, potreben za polnjenje samega kemičnega vira. Zmanjševanje časa oz. hitro polnjenje kemičnih virov predstavlja kompleksen problem, predvsem zaradi vzporednih pojavov, kot so hitro povečanje napetosti in temperature ter sproščanje plinov, ki povečujejo pritisk pri zaprtih kemičnih virih. Zaradi teh vzporednih pojavov se zmanjšuje realna kapaciteta, skrajšuje se življenska doba oz. pride do hitrega uničenja kemičnega vira.A technical problem that the present invention successfully solves is the implementation of such a device for charging secondary chemical sources of electricity, which will significantly reduce the time required to charge the chemical source itself. Reducing time or the rapid filling of chemical resources is a complex problem, mainly due to parallel phenomena such as the rapid increase in voltage and temperature and the release of gases that increase pressure at closed chemical sources. Due to these parallel phenomena, the real capacity is reduced, the life span or life is shortened. rapid destruction of the chemical source occurs.

Kemični izvori električne energije shranjujejo električno energijo potencialno s pomočjo kemične energije. Znani postopki in naprave za polnjenje oziroma dopolnjevanje kemičnih izvorov električne energije temelje na vzpostavljanju začetnega stanja pri kemičnih izvorih električne energije. Sekundarni izvori električne energije so reverzibilni kar pomeni, da se pri prepuščanju toka v nasprotni smeri od tiste, ki jo proizvajajo, dogajajo kemični procesi, ki so nasprotni tistim, ki potekajo ob praznenju. Vzpostavljanje začetnega stanja spremlja spreminjanje notranjega upora in elektromotorne sile, pri čemer se notranja upornost samega kemičnega izvora električne energije zmanjšuje pri polnjenju, elektromotorna sila pa se povečuje.Chemical sources of electricity store electricity potentially through chemical energy. Known methods and devices for charging or replenishing chemical sources of electricity are based on the establishment of an initial state of chemical sources of electricity. Secondary sources of electricity are reversible, which means that when they flow in the opposite direction to the one they produce, chemical processes occur that are opposite to those that take place during the discharge. Initialisation is accompanied by changes in the internal resistance and the electromotive force, with the internal resistance of the chemical source of electricity itself decreasing upon charging and the electromotive force increasing.

Znane naprave za polnjenje reverzibilnih kemičnih izvorov električne energije temelje na polnenju kemičnih izvorov z istosmernim tokom.Known devices for charging reversible chemical sources of electricity are based on direct-current charging of chemical sources.

-3Polnjenje poteka tako, da je smer toka, ki ga daje naprava za polnjenje, nasprotna smeri, ki jo daje sam kemični vir električne energije. Pri polnjenu se zaradi majhne notranje upornosti kemičnega izvora električne energije sprošča toplota, ki povzroča segrevanje samega kemičnega člena, kar pomeni tudi glavno omejitev pri hitrosti polnjenja samega kemičnega vira. Zaradi segrevanja kemičnega vira ni možno polniti vira s tokom večje jakosti.-3 Charging is carried out in such a way that the direction of flow given by the charging device is opposite to that given by the chemical source of electricity itself. Due to the low internal resistance of the chemical source of electricity, the charge releases heat, which causes the chemical link itself to heat up, which is also a major limitation on the charge rate of the chemical source itself. Due to the heating of the chemical source, it is not possible to fill the source with a higher current.

Za hitro polnjenje kemičnih virov lahko uporabimo različna vezja in naprave, ki na različne načine rešujejo problem segrevanja kemičnega vira pri polnjenju. Tako so poznane naprave, ki omogočajo polnjenje kemičnih virov s konstantnim tokom do napetosti polnenja in nato ročno ali avtomatsko zmanjšamo tok s katerim nato polnimo do napolnjenosti.Different circuits and devices can be used to quickly charge chemical resources, which in many ways solve the problem of heating a chemical source during charging. Thus, devices are known which allow the charging of chemical sources with a constant current to the charge voltage and then manually or automatically reduce the current with which it is then charged to the charge.

Druge vrste naprav omogočajo polnjenje kemičnih virov tako, da se začetni polnilni tok zmanjšuje v odvisnosti od trenutne napolnjenosti kemičnega vira do dosežene napetosti polnjenja.Other types of devices make it possible to charge chemical sources in such a way that the initial charging current decreases depending on the current charge of the chemical source until the charging voltage reached.

Znane so naprave, pri katerih polnimo kemični vir s konstantnim enosmernim tokom določene vrednosti do dosežene napetosti polnjenja, nato pa nadaljujemo s konstantno napetostjo ob minimalnem polnilnem toku.Devices are known in which we charge a chemical source with a constant direct current of a certain value up to the achieved charging voltage, and then continue with a constant voltage at a minimum charging current.

Obstajajo tudi sestavljene naprave, ki omogočajo merjenje različnih parametrov kemičnega vira med samim polnjenjem in regulacijo polnilnega toka in napetosti. Takšne naprave rešujejo zastavljen problem s polnjenjem kemičnega vira s pomočjo enosmernega toka impulzne oblike. V odvisnosti od trenutne temperature samega kemičnega vira pri polnjenju in stopnjeThere are also composite devices that allow the measurement of various chemical source parameters between the charge itself and the regulation of the charge current and voltage. Such devices solve the problem of filling a chemical source with the help of a direct current pulse shape. Depending on the current temperature of the chemical source itself at filling and rate

-4napolnjenosti posebno elektronsko vezje uravnava čase med posameznimi impulzi in samo jakost toka enosmerne oblike.-4 Charges A special electronic circuit regulates the times between individual impulses and only the DC current.

S to izvedbo omogočamo sicer boljši nadzor in primerno hitrejše čase polnjenja kemičnega vira, vendar je za to potrebno določeno elektronsko vezje, ki bistveno podraži samo napravo za polnjenje in za širokopotrošne naprave ni najbolj primerno.This design allows for better control and suitably faster charging times of the chemical source, but this requires a certain electronic circuit that significantly increases the cost of the charging device itself and is not best suited for consumer devices.

Opisane znane rešitve ne omogočajo v popolnosti rešitev zastavljenega tehničnega problema ekstremno hitrega polnjenja kemičnega vira.The known solutions described do not fully allow the solution of the technical problem posed by the extremely rapid filling of the chemical source.

Naprava za polnjenje kemičnih izvorov električne energije s pomočjo moduliranega izmeničnega toka po izumu temelji na uporabi specifično moduliranega izmeničnega polnilnega toka za vsako vrsto reverzibilnih kemičnih virov.An apparatus for charging chemical sources of electricity by means of a modulated alternating current according to the invention is based on the use of a specifically modulated alternating current for each type of reversible chemical source.

Diagram oblike moduliranega toka na izhodu enega od izvedbenih primerov naprave po izumu je prikazan na sliki 1.A diagram of the shape of the modulated current at the output of one embodiment of the device of the invention is shown in Figure 1.

Naprava po izumu vsebuje izvor izmeničnega toka frekvence najmanj 10'² Hz in primerne moči glede na moč kemičnega vira, ki ga želimo polniti. Tok na izhodu naprave je moduliran v odvisnosti od vrste in kapacitete kemičnega vira, ki ga želimo polniti. Srednja vrednost pozitivnega dela izmenične komponente polnilnega toka proti srednji vrednosti negativnega dela je v razmerju 2:1 do 10:1 v odvisnosti kapacitete kemičnega vira in želene hitrosti polnjenja. Srednja vrednost pozitivnega dela izmenične komponente polnilnega toka proti srednji vrednosti negativnega dela, kakor tudi njuno razmerje, se med enim polnilnim ciklusom ne spreminja.The apparatus of the invention comprises an alternating current source of at least 10 ' ² Hz and a suitable power according to the power of the chemical source to be charged. The current at the output of the device is modulated depending on the type and capacity of the chemical source we want to charge. The mean of the positive part of the alternating charge component versus the mean of the negative part is in the ratio of 2: 1 to 10: 1, depending on the capacity of the chemical source and the desired charge rate. The mean of the positive part of the alternating charge component versus the mean of the negative part, as well as their ratio, does not change during one charge cycle.

-5Naprava za polnjenje kemičnih izvorov električne energije s pomočjo moduliranega izmeničnega toka po izumu omogoča ekstremno velik tok polnjenja in posledično s tem zelo kratek čas polnjenja z visokim izkoristkom in brez škodljivega delovanja na sam kemični izvor električne energije.-5The device for charging chemical sources of electricity by means of the modulated alternating current according to the invention provides an extremely large charge current and, consequently, a very short charging time with high efficiency and without detrimental effect on the chemical source of electricity itself.

Claims

A device for charging chemical sources of electricity by means of a modulated alternating current, characterized in that it contains an alternating current source of frequency at least 10 ² Hz, which is modulated depending on the type and capacity of the chemical source to be charged so that the mean of the positive part of the alternating component of the charging current versus the mean of the negative part in the ratio 2: 1 to 10: 1 and does not change during the charging cycle.

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