SE533651C2 - Supply or exhaust air device with flow indicator - Google Patents

Description

533 B51 The choice of supply air diffuser must also take into account the design of the ventilation duct adjacent to the supply air diffuser. During installation, the supply air diffuser is usually inspected and adjusted so that the correct air fate is obtained. Adjustment is done with an adjustment damper.

The supply air device is inspected, both during installation and at subsequent inspections, among other things by measuring the noise through the supply air device, usually by means of a pressure sensor connected to a socket for the intended supply in the supply air device or by placing a special measuring funnel, a so-called measuring nozzle, over supply air outlet. Both measuring methods require a great deal of knowledge about ventilation systems in general and the design of the ventilation system in the vicinity of the supply air diffuser in particular, a careful handling of the measuring equipment and correct interpretation of the measuring results.

Measurement with the aid of a pressure sensor typically gives a voltage signal, which must first be converted to a pressure value and then to an air flow. The airflow is usually calculated by multiplying the square root of the pressure maintenance by a proportionality constant, a so-called correction factor (k-factor), which varies depending on, among other things, the size of the ventilation device and the position of the adjusting damper.

The design of the ventilation system immediately before the supply air device also affects the k-factor. Consequently, an air fate measurement is affected by your factors. Correct and efficient measurement of the air fate and correct adjustment of a ventilation device is facilitated if there is documentation regarding among the arm projected fate, previously measured air fate, k-factors and settings of the adjustment damper.

Inspection and adjustment of supply air diffusers, and of course also other ventilation devices such as exhaust air diffusers, is today a costly process and the need for qualified inspectors to carry out these measures makes rapid inspection and adjustment of ventilation systems difficult.

Since qualified inspectors in most cases have to be hired for inspection and adjustment, inspections are relatively rare. In buildings that are often renovated or rebuilt, with consequent disturbances in ventilation, the air flow from individual ventilation devices can deviate significantly from the projected air fate for long periods. In the worst case, the air fate in these cases is correct then. inspection takes place, but the discrepancies in between are never detected. In addition, it has been shown that the distribution between air measurements carried out by different professional inspectors, by one and the same inspector at different times, or with the use of different measuring instruments differs significantly from each other. 533 651 Air fl fates can today deviate by as much as 40% from projected flow. A deviation of 5% is normally allowed. Of course, this leads to a poorly optimized fate in the single ventilation device and in the entire ventilation system, which further leads to unnecessarily high energy consumption, a worse indoor climate than possible, high cost and an unnecessary burden on the global environment.

Disclosure of the Invention Known vents obviously have disadvantages with respect to the ability to easily and reliably inspect and adjust the air vents of the vents.

The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.

This is achieved with a ventilation device according to claim 1.

The ventilation device according to the present invention comprises a fate indicator which at least indicates whether an air flow through the ventilation device is below a predetermined threshold level. The flow indicator comprises a fate sensor which generates a signal related to the air flow and a visibly arranged signal device.

The flow indicator according to the present invention may further comprise an electronic circuit adapted to compare the signal from the fate sensor with at least a predetermined threshold value corresponding to the predetermined threshold level.

The flow sensor according to the present invention may consist of a pressure sensor, for example of the membrane type, or a flow sensor, for example of the water wire type.

According to the present invention, your signaling devices can be used, for example three signaling devices in the form of three LEDs, which indicate a first, a second and a third air flow path.

An electronic circuit according to the present invention can further be used to store a measurement protocol with data regarding the individual ventilation device, such as measured air fates, identification number, projected air flow, settings for adjusting device, and k-factors. 533 651 Thanks to the present invention, it is possible to provide a ventilation device which facilitates inspection and adjustment and provides improved reliability in the control of the air flow through ventilation devices.

Embodiments of the present invention are set forth in the dependent claims. Other objects, advantages and novel features of the present invention will become apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description of preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the appended claims and claims.

Description of the invention The invention will be described in more detail below in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a ventilation system comprising ventilation devices according to the present invention, Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of inspection of an aerator and measuring funnel, respectively. Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a ventilation device with a fate indicator according to the present invention, Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a ventilation device with a fate indicator according to another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 5 shows a diagram of an actual diagram. air solder against projected air solder with three threshold levels k, l, m.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of actual air fate versus projected air fate with four threshold levels k, 1, m, n.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The ventilation devices 100 according to the present invention are intended to be part of a ventilation system 101 in a building 103. Such a ventilation system 101 is schematically described in Fig. 1. The ventilation system 10 1 consists of a ventilation channel 102 which comprises 102 creates an air flow 109 in 533 651 ventilation ducts 105 which lead out to different rooms 104 in the building 103. At the end of the ventilation duct 105 is a ventilation device 100 in the form of a supply air device which distributes an air flow 110 out into the room. In room 104 there is also another type of ventilation device 100, an exhaust air device, for diverting air from room 104.

The ventilation devices 100 of the present invention may be supply air devices, exhaust air devices, or other types of ventilation devices. In the following description, the present invention is described on the basis of a ceiling-mounted supply air diffuser, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Other ventilation devices such as exhaust air devices, and with all forms of mounting such as wall mounting and floor mounting, are also included.

In order to obtain a good indoor climate and a good energy management, it is important that all ventilation devices 100 are set so that the correct air flow 110 is thereby obtained.

The air flow 110 must not deviate too much from a so-called projected air flow P, i.e. the air flow that must pass through an individual ventilation device 100 in order for the entire ventilation system 10 1 to function optimally. First of all, the ventilation devices 100 should be adjusted and control measured during installation and commissioning of the ventilation system 101, but thereafter they should also be able to be reliably inspected, control measured and possibly adjusted in the event of excessive deviation. Adjustment is usually done by adjusting an adjustment damper on the ventilation device 100.

Control measurement of supply air diffuser 100 is usually done by measuring the air flow (l / s) 110 therethrough. Fig. 2 shows two conventional tzill air devices 100 and two known ways of measuring the air flow 1 thereon. The measurement inaccuracies in the air fate measurements on the inlet device 100 according to known methods are large. Since the adjustment of the supply air device 100 is made on the basis of the luñ fl fate measurement, the adjustment of the supply air device 100 with an adjustment damper 1 13 becomes uncertain and the air fl fate 1 10 may deviate from the projected P. fate P. with incorrectly stated k-factors, measuring instruments with poor performance, incorrect handling of measuring instruments, uncalibrated measuring instruments, etc. Furthermore, the design of the ventilation system 101 in connection with the supply air device 100 can affect the air flow 1 10, which the k-factor usually does not take into account. Measuring the air flow 1 10 by placing a special measuring funnel 130, so-called measuring nozzle or supply air nozzle, over the outlet of the supply air 100 also creates a pressure drop which can affect the air air flow 100 of the supply air 100, and the air flow 110 in different ways of ventilation. the measuring funnel 130, which gives different air flow 110 depending on the design of the supply air device 100. Another common way of measuring the air flow 110 is to connect a fate measuring instrument 131, or more specifically a pressure sensor, to a connection 107 for the fate measuring instrument 131 in the wall to the ventilation duct 100 of the ventilation device 100. Another reason for deviation between projected effective derived to the supply air devices 100. Supply air devices 100 from different manufacturers, and more surprisingly supply air devices 100 of the same type from one and the same manufacturer, can generate substantially different air fl fates 1 10 despite identical installation and adjustment.

The specification of the k-factors may be incorrect, or the quality and reproducibility of the supply air devices 100 from the same manufacturer may be insufficient.

In addition, there are deficiencies in routines for initial inspection and adjustment of the vents 100 and the absence of standardized measurement protocols and documentation regarding the vents 100 and the ventilation installation 101 in connection with the supply air devices 100, which complicates later inspection and adjustment of the supply air devices 100.

In order to obtain a more accurate measurement of air den fate 1 10 and thus less deviation between actual fl fate R and projected fl fate P, conventional measuring methods require a calibration procedure with a number of measuring instruments. Each measuring point, ie each device 100, must be calibrated against at least one other measuring method with a known measuring error. This will be very resource intensive if the reliability is to be sufficient.

The ventilation device 200 according to the present invention has a fate indicator 220 comprising a flow sensor 221 and at least one visible signal device 222, see Fig. 3, which signal device 222 indicates the state of the air sound 210 through the ventilation device 200. In contrast to conventional inspection when a measuring instrument is the ventilator is the destiny iridicator 220 of the present invention permanently, or at least intended to be attached for an extended period of time. This removes at least sources of error related to different inspectors, different measuring instruments and different handling of the measuring instruments. This also provides an opportunity to adjust and calibrate the vent 200 both before and after installation using both the fate indicator 220 and other measuring instruments, for subsequent adjustment mainly using the built-in fate indicator 220 for continuous inspection and adjustment of the vent 200. In connection with the the adjustment, or later, the k-factors can also be adapted to the individual ventilation device 200 and its individual location.

With a clear and simple reading through the signal device 222 of the dessiridilcatom 220, the availability for inspection increases. The inspections carried out in the usual way by qualified inspectors are facilitated and can be carried out much more quickly. In addition, iris inspection can be performed by someone who has significantly less knowledge of ventilation systems in general and of the design of the ventilation system in connection with the specific ventilation device 200 in particular, for example a safety representative or even the local user. A signaling device 222 which indicates that the air 2 fate 2 10 years according to the projected air de fate P gives, among other things, a confidence that the ventilation works as planned, and more importantly, if the air fl fate 210 deviates from the projected fl fate P, an indication is given of this, which means that a justified error reports can be submitted and a justified check and adjustment can be made, unlike how it often is today when many unnecessary error reports and urgent measures are taken.

Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which a supply air device 300 comprising a fate indicator 320 with a signal device 322 is on. the front of the supply device 300 is mounted a ceiling 306 adjacent to a connecting ventilation duct 305. The signal device 322 years after installation of the supply air device 300 is visible to a person who settles under the air device 300. The front of the supply air device 300 comprises a number of nozzles 3 1 1. to distribute an air flow 310 in a draft-free manner. The nozzles 3 1 1, or the perforations, are connected to the connecting ventilation duct 305 on the rear side of the supply air device 300 through a discharge duct 316. In connection with the ventilation duct 305 there is a mechanical adjustment damper 3 13 with which the air can be discharged. . The supply air device 300 comprises a connection 315 for measuring instruments in the wall of the fate channel 316. Connection 3 is adapted to receive a fate sensor 321. This type of connection 315 is commonly used in conventional air diffusers 100 and is used to connect pressure sensors in conventional fate instruments during inspection. In the supply air device 300 according to the present invention, a fate sensor 321 is permanently connected to the connection 3 via a connector 327. In this case, the fate sensor 321 consists of a diaphragm type pressure sensor and the connector 327 consists of a hose.

The flow indicator 320 further includes an electronic circuit 323 and a battery 325 for power supply. The pressure sensor 321 generates a voltage signal related to 533 B51 8 the pressure produced by the air gap 3. The pressure sensor 321 is connected to the electronic circuit 323 where the tracking signal is compared with a predetermined threshold value. The threshold value corresponds to a predetermined threshold level. for air fl fate 3 10. If the voltage signal is below the threshold value, i.e. the pressure from air fl fate 310 years lower than a predetermined threshold level and thus the air solder 309 years below a predetermined level, the signaling device indicates this. In this embodiment, the signal device 322 is an LED located on the front of the supply air device 300 in such a way that a user of the room can see the signal device. The 321-year-old electronic etch is adapted to perform only one hypothesis measurement every 30 seconds in order to save energy. If the voltage signal is below the threshold value, LED 322 lights up for 5 seconds. The battery is 325 years old and is intended to last for ska years and should only need to be replaced in connection with regular main inspections.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a supply air device 300 is similar to the one described above, but with a different adaptation of the electronic circuit 323 and a different type of signal device 322. The supply air device 300 comprises a first, a second and a third signal device placed in a row on the 300 fi side of the supply air diffuser. The voltage signal from the pressure sensor 321 is compared with three threshold values corresponding to three threshold levels k, 1, m for the air flow 310. Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram for actual lute fl desert R against projected fl desert P, with these threshold levels k, 1, m and the ideal fl desert I. where the actual air velocity R exactly corresponds to the projected air velocity P, indicated. The axes of the diagram are shown with any unit, but the axes of the projected air velocity P and the actual air velocity R have the same scale. 'Threshold care de fi nier three air fl fate rites: a first interval corresponding to -12% up to +20% of projected air P fate P; a second range corresponding to -25% up to -12% of projected air fl desert P; and a third interval corresponding to less than -25% of projected air fl fate P. The first signal device, a green LED, indicates whether the actual air R fate R is within the first interval, a second signal device, a yellow LED, indicates whether the actual air fl fate R is within the second range, and the third signal device, a red LED, indicates whether the actual airflow R is within the third range.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the vent device 300 includes a signal device 322 that can indicate the state of the air gap 3 by means of green, yellow or red light. The signal from the fate sensor 32 1 is compared in 533 651 the electrical circuit 323 with four threshold values corresponding to four ice threshold levels k, 1, m, n for the air gap 310. Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram for real fl fate R against projected air de fate P, with these thresholds P, on these thresholds. k, l, m, n and the ideal fl fate I, where the actual air R fate R exactly corresponds to the “projected air fl fate P, indicated. The axes of the diagram are shown with any unit, but the axes of the projected air flow P and the actual air flow R have the same scale. The first threshold level k corresponds to a deviation of + 5% from the projected air flow P, the second threshold level l corresponds to a deviation of -5% from the projected air flow P, the third threshold level m corresponds to a deviation of -25% from the projected air flow. P, and the fith threshold level n corresponds to a deviation of + 25% from the projected air P. fate P. The threshold values thus fi deny five air fl fate rites: a first interval corresponding to -5% up to +5% of projected air fl fate P; a second range corresponding to -25% up to -5% of projected air fl fate P; a third interval corresponding to less than -25% of projected air fl fate P, and a fi year interval corresponding to more than +25% of projected air fl fate P. If air fl fate 3 10 through the ventilation device is within -5% up to +5% of projected fl fate P the signal device 322 emits a flashing green light, if air fl fate 3 is -25% up to -5% of projected de fate P the signal device 322 emits a flashing red light, if air fl fate 310 is less than -25% of projected fl fate P the signal device 322 emits a solid red light, if the air fate 310 is +5% up to +25% of projected fate P, the signal device 322 emits a flashing yellow light, and if the air fate 310 exceeds +25% of the projected fate P, the signal device emits a solid yellow light.

This configuration is useful, among other things, in that the solid red light clearly indicates that the air flow is far too low, which primarily has a negative effect on the indoor climate, and that a quick action is necessary. The solid yellow glow indicates that the air fate is far too high, which is primarily negative for energy consumption, and that a quick action is necessary. Flashing light also indicates a problem, but a problem that is not in. the same urgent need for action.

In another embodiment of the present invention according to any of the embodiments described above, the electronic circuit 323 of the supply air device 300 may be used to store information about the individual ventilation device 323, preferably in the form of a standardized measurement protocol, where data such as identification numbers, projected air pressure, calculated air flows, k-factors and the settings of the mechanical adjusting device are specified. 533 651 In another embodiment of the present invention, the threshold values of the electronic circuit 323 are adjustable either by a control device, e.g. a rotary potentiometer, or an IO position potentiometer located accessible to a user on the vent device 300 or by radio communication with a communication circuit in the vent device. The control device or radio communication can also. can be used to program the ventilation device 300, for example to set threshold values, retrieve information stored in the electronic circuit 323, to enter new settings or information, or to activate the fate indicator 320 instead of waiting for the next time when it is automatically activated.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a supply device comprises three signal devices 322, more particularly three LEDs, in the same manner as described above, the pressure sensor 32 1 is of the membrane type and has a working range between at least 5-50 Pa. The minimum detectable volume 310 that can be detected is 50 1/2 and the maximum detectable air flow is 110 l / s. The projected airflow P through the supply air device 300 is 80 l / s. The first signal device 322 is activated for at a pressure of 12-26 Pa. corresponding to an air charge 310 of 70-1 1 1 / s, the second signal device 322 is activated at a pressure of 9-12 Pa corresponding to an air flow 310 of 65-75 l / s, and the third signal device 322 is activated at a pressure of 5- 9 Pa corresponding to a lu flfl 3 3 of 50- 65 1 / s. The deviation between measured and actual air 3 3 3 years less than 5%.

The response time for pressure changes within 10-90% of the entire air velocity range is less than 2 seconds. The current consumption is less than 5 mA in operation, which gives an operating time of more than one year if a commercial 9 V battery 325 is used.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a pressure sensor 321 is used which operates in a binary manner. When the pressure is below a given threshold value, the pressure sensor 32 1 breaks or closes an electrical circuit, whereupon a signal device 322 is activated.

In some ventilation systems, there is access to power supply from the building's ordinary electricity network or an electricity network intended to control various functions, such as regulation of valves, in a ventilation system. Such mains can be used as a power supply in ventilation devices according to the present invention. 533 G51 11 Embodiments with a number of signal devices 322, for example three LEDs, have been described above. Optionally, other means of indicating lu 3 310 in relation to predetermined threshold levels and / or inter interval ranges may be used. A single signal device 322, for example an LED, with, for example, a signal sequence for indicating an air fate 3 and another signal sequence for indicating another air fate can be used, for example. The signal device 322 may, for example, be designed to switch between solid and flashing light depending on the state of the air 3 fate 3 10. An alternative is also to have a diode, for example of the semiconductor type, whose radiation: changes depending on the air fl fate of predetermined threshold levels, such as electroluminescent semiconducting polymers, can change brightness or change color depending on the air 3 310. 'Plastic foils that can change their transparency by means of electrical voltage can also be used in the ventilation device as a signaling device. A biasing signal from the fate sensor 32 1 is fed into the plastic foil and depending on the voltage level, which is related to the air sound 310, a transparency is obtained which indicates what air fate one has through the ventilation device 300. Instead of lighting devices, audio devices can be used. Furthermore, monitors, for example of the LCD type, can be used. In addition, the signal device 322 may be located elsewhere than on the front of the ventilation device. A variant is that the signal device 322 years adapted to be mounted on adjacent ceilings, walls or floors in the room.

Flow sensors with pressure sensors 321 can be designed in different ways. One variant is, for example, to measure the air flow 3 10 at a point in the fate channel 3 16 inside the ventilation device 300. For example, a pipe leading from the accident sensor connection 315 in the fate channel wall to a position in the middle of the fate channel 316 can be used. In this case, the pressure sensor 32 1 generates a signal which depends on the pressure in this position of the discharge channel 3 16. Another variant is to measure a pressure drop between two parts of the discharge channel 316 in the ventilation device 300, preferably using a differential pressure sensor. The pressure sensor then generates a signal due to the pressure difference. Regardless of which variant is used, the square root of the pressure or the pressure difference is multiplied by a k-factor to calculate the velocity 3 10. In the embodiments described above, the fate sensor 32 1 may consist of a fate sensor. Usually, however, it is the case that a pressure sensor is less expensive to achieve. same result. In addition, many conventional ventilation devices are already equipped with a connection where an accident sensor can be connected. 533 651 12 Since the present invention has been described in connection with what is currently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the present invention is not to be limited by the described embodiments, but is intended to include various modifications and equivalent devices. covered by the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. 0 15 20 25 30 533 651 \ 5 PATENT REQUIREMENT Supply or exhaust air device (300) for mounting in a ceiling, wall or floor in a room adjacent to one end of a ventilation duct (305), the supply or exhaust air device (300) comprising a fl fate channel (316) for passing an air fl (310) through the supply or exhaust air device (300) and wherein an adjusting damper (313) for adjusting the air solder (310) is provided in connection with the supply or exhaust air device (300); characterized in that the supply or exhaust air device further comprises a fate indicator (320) comprising: a fate sensor (321) permanently connected to a connection (315) in the wall of the fate channel (3 16) for measuring the air fate (3 10) in the fate channel (3 10). 316) and which generates a signal related to the airflow (310) through the supply or exhaust air device (300); and at least one visibly arranged signal device (322) which, based on the signal from the fate sensor (321), gives an indication of the condition of the air fate (310) to a predetermined threshold level; and using the fate indicator (320) to inspect and adjust the air fate (3 10) with the adjustment damper (313). Supply or exhaust air device (300) according to claim 1, wherein the signal device (322) at least indicates whether the air flow (3 10) is below a predetermined threshold level. The supply or exhaust air device (300) according to claim 1, wherein the signal device (322) at least indicates whether the air fl fate (310) is above a predetermined threshold level. The supply or exhaust air device (300) according to claim 2, wherein the supply or supply air device (300) comprises an electronic circuit (323) adapted to compare the signal from the fate sensor (321) with at least one predetermined threshold value corresponding to the predetermined and threshold level the signal is below the threshold value activates the signal device (3 22). Supply or exhaust air device (300) according to claim 1, wherein the fate sensor (321) consists of a fate sensor of the hot wire type. Inlet or outlet device (300) according to sea 1, where the fl sensor (321) consists of a pressure sensor. The supply or exhaust air device (300) according to claim 6, wherein the pressure sensor (321) measures a pressure difference between two parts of the fate channel (3 16) in The supply or exhaust air device (300) of claim 4, wherein a first signal device (322) indicates that the signal is below a first predetermined threshold value and above a second predetermined threshold value, a second signal device (322) indicates that the signal is below the second threshold value and above a third threshold value, a third signal device (322) indicates that the signal is below the third threshold value, which first, second and third threshold values correspond to a first, a second and a third threshold level for air fl fate (310). The to or exhaust air device (300) of claim 4, wherein the signal device (322) with a first indication indicates that the signal is below a first predetermined threshold value and above a second predetermined threshold value, with a second indication indicating that the signal is below the second threshold value and above a third threshold value, with a third indication indicating that the signal is below the third threshold value, with a fi fourth indication indicating that the signal is above the first predetermined threshold value but below a fi fourth predetermined threshold value, with a fifth indication indicating year above the fourth predetermined threshold value, where each threshold value corresponds to each threshold level for the air sound (310) and where the indications are different, such as different signal sequences or color. Supply or exhaust air device (300) according to claim 1, 2, 4, 8 or 9, where at least one threshold value is adjustable. Supply or exhaust air device (300) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow indicator (320) can be activated on command. Supply or exhaust air device (300) according to claim 4, wherein the electronic circuit (323) can store data. Supply or exhaust air device (300) according to claim 1, wherein the data consists of measured air fl fates (3 10). To ~ or exhaust air device (300) according to claim ll, where data such as identification number, projected air fate, settings for adjusting device, and k-factors form a measuring protocol. Supply or exhaust air device (300) according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the supply or exhaust air device (300) comprises a radio communication circuit. Supply or exhaust air device (300) according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the signal device (322) is a display.