SE1330119A1 - Nine-armed wind platform - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a floating unit arranged for the extraction of wind energy comprising a floating body having a square figure of structure-bearing elements joined at nine orthogonal equidistant nodes each supporting a wind turbine with a rotor having a vertical axis of rotation, the unit having eight different horizontal directions The invention relates to a method of changing the course direction of a floating unit within a range limited to the 05 degree starboard and port of the arc forceps, the method being used to change the course direction of the floating unit and a heading direction system to rotate the unit. includes the steps of determining the current heading for the floating unit, determining the current wind direction, comparing the eight different main directions with the determined wind direction, determining the heading and rotating the unit so that the heading The invention relates to the use of the device and the execution of the course change method for converting the wind energy into electrical or mechanical or visual effect. (Fig. 1)

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a unit arranged to float in a body of water with a seabed for extracting energy from the speed of the wind and comprising a floating body having a square figure of structure-bearing elements joined together at nine orthogonal knots. carrying a wind turbine provided with a rotor having a substantially vertical line of rotation and a rotor diameter and a rotor length, the unit having eight different horizontal main directions illuminated for the efficient passage of the wind turbines by the wind and a heading system arranged to rotate the unit about a vertical line at its center a main direction phase to coincide with the current wind direction.

The invention also relates to a method that the second course direction of the floating unit within an interval limited to the arcus tangent's 05 degrees (: --- 26.56 °) starboard and port about the unit's longitudinal centerline, the method comprising the steps of determining for the floating unit the current course direction, determine the current wind direction, compare the eight different main directions with the determined wind direction, determine the course direction and rotate the unit so that the determined course direction is obtained.

The invention also relates to a use of the floating device and an embodiment of the course change method in a floating unit which converts the recovered wind energy into electrical or mechanical or visual effect, or into a combination of two or three of said effects.

HH-142 / BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Wind farms comprise groups of wind turbines which are almost exclusively of the so-called type. quick pair, i.e. wind turbines having a substantially horizontal turbine axis directed substantially parallel to the wind direction with the turbine blades rotating perpendicular to the axis; equipped with a machine house resting on a pillar firmly connected to earthy ground on dry land (so-called onshore), or on the seabed (so-called offshore) at a water depth of less than about 40 - 50 meters. In existing offshore wind farms, said fast-openers are often placed on the seabed in the knots of a perpendicular grid in order to thank the energy recovery of a rectangular area in the sea, which orthogonal location is advantageous as the wind can come from all directions. Although a fast looper has the supposedly highest efficiency in the energy recovery of all types of wind turbines as a single stand-alone plant, this is not necessarily optimal in a wind farm of limited size; where the turbines are often grouped tatter to extract the greatest power per unit area. Thus, fast-openers in some plants are placed close to each other, i.e. exhibits a too small so-called separation distance; which has to WO that the turbines shade each other in certain wind directions; especially in the ram orthogonal directions; which means that the group's actual extraction of energy is far below the sum of the ground effect of the individual fast-trackers. Economical, environmentally friendly or practical shells can be assumed to be behind such advanced installations of wind turbines. In particular, grid runners are provided with long rotor blades which give rise to a Mgt induced resistance, i.e. creates large leaf tip vortices; which propagate during dissipation at a distance of up to 5 - 7 rotor diameters 1a about the turbine. Such leaf tip vortices of large so-called tailwind, not only meant a loss of power but also risks enlarging the rotor blades downstream due to the impact loads of the vortices on the blades. As may be appreciated from the foregoing, the energy recovery per unit area has bottom-fixed offshore wind farms of fast-trackers is limited and, moreover, independent of the size of the turbines and the area of the wind farm area; so that the park efficiency amounts to a maximum of about 10 watts per square meter at the nominal ground power of the turbines.

When designing wind farms, it is generally of primary interest to seek to minimize the cost per unit of energy produced, for example (MWh), by e.g. obtain economies of scale. Larger but smaller units generally give a lower total cost but higher unit cost. For example, a quick loader with a larger ground power HH-143 / automatically requires a larger blade diameter, a larger rotor hub, a larger machine housing, a higher wind power tower and a stronger connection cable with higher ground voltage. However, the advantage of fewer but larger quick loops is partially offset by the disadvantage of a higher weight of the components which increase the load on the wind turbine and that the total mass of the device increases. At a water depth exceeding about 40 - 50 meters, fixed offshore wind farms, as described above, become uneconomical as the cost increases exponentially with the engine house's distance to the seabed. As may be appreciated, there is a need for a wind farm whose costs do not coincide with the depth of the water, but offer economies of scale; but without the disadvantages of quick loops, i.e. exhibits lower costs and higher park efficiency.

It is an edge that some floating wind farms with quick loops have been allowed to turn the yard around a suspension point, so-called the turret for the anchor lines, located in or near the center of the buoyancy body (WO2011 / 117903A2); whereby the habit of individual quick loops can be oriented with the horizontal turbine shaft directed towards the wind vane without the machine housing having to be rotated relative to the wind power tower, which is otherwise the normal way of directing quick loops towards the wind vane. The layer of the wind shadow thus depends only on the geometry of the wind farm, which also applies to wind farms equipped with only vertical-axis turbines; for example H-rotors (SE564997C2); where the turbine shaft is always directed perpendicular to the wind direction and therefore can preferably be permanently anchored in the hay or seabed without the need to float with the wind. It is further edge (WO2100 / 071444) that a floating wind farm with high-speed openers and / or vertical-axis turbines is allowed to rotate freely around a suspension point located in or near the center of the floating body in order to automatically adjust the system to the wind direction, and that this e.g. can be performed with a rudder and / or a propeller. It is further known in the art (WO2100 / 071444) that a buoyancy body for a wind farm can be constructed of structurable elements in the form of frameworks of rudders tata in the spirits and constituting separate floating parts. None of the above patents contain features characteristic of the present invention, however, application 1330093-4 may be applied.

HH-144 / SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first object of the present invention is to provide a unit arranged to float in a body of water with in the seabed for the extraction of energy the hatred is obtained from the wind by means of vertical axis wind turbines, whereby the total cost efficiency of the wind farm is maximized optimally out of the underwater part while minimizing the size of the underwater part.

A first aspect of the present invention relates to a unit arranged to extract maximum energy from the wind with minimal rotation of the unit and - during the rotation - arranged to change course direction relatively quickly by e.g. exhibit a set 10 rotational resistance.

A second aspect of the present invention relates to a method for changing the course direction of a floating unit, such that a main direction coincides with the wind direction by means of a course direction system.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to an application of the device and an embodiment of the method in a floating wind farm.

A second object of the present invention is to overcome or improve at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a usable alternative.

At least one of the above objects is achieved with a marine structure according to claim 1.

Thus, the present invention relates to a floating unit arranged to float in a body of water with a seabed for extracting energy from the velocity has the wind (V) and when said unit floats, said body of water nth 'a still water line has said unit, said unit comprising a heading system and a floating body comprising structure-supporting elements provided with a cross-sectional section and permanently joined at main nodes and arranged to be below said still water surface and to have a length and a width equal to the side length in a square at right angular projection on said still water surface and to have a straight longitudinal center through a center point in said square and a center point on a side in said square.

HH-145 / For the sake of simplicity, the term "seabed" is used regardless of whether the said body of water is an area in an ocean, a hay, a lake or a river.

As may be appreciated, the floating body is a space framework of structure-bearing and displacing straight structure-bearing elements fixedly connected at main nodes which coincide with the points of intersection between the center lines of the structure-bearing elements, but no solid body but an inhomogeneous space provided with openings in the horizontal plane. The buoyancy body thus stacks continuously in three dimensions, the length and width of the buoyancy body being limited by the horizontal projection of the structural elements of the space truss on the periphery, so that four main nodes on the periphery of the space truss coincide with the vertices of a square.

As used herein, the term "connected to" another part means that the part may either be directly connected to the other part or intermediate parts may also be present; wherein the term "fixed bandage" or "fixed bandage" means that rotation and translation between no parts of the bandage is not possible. Furthermore, the term "cross-sectional section" refers to the planar figure which arises when intersecting a structural support element at a right angle to its longitudinal axis, the planar figure having the property of being able to be composed of several separate planar figures; while "center line" refers to the normal to the said planar figure, the foot point of the center line coinciding with the center of gravity of the cross-section or having a point of intersection with a line of symmetry in the cross-section. The term "centerline" is used amen if the longitudinal extent of the structural member is not straight, i.e. the "centerline" has the property of being able to be curved.

The invention is characterized in particular by the fact that each of the said main nodes lies on a vertical line (VH) through a center point or a center point on a side or a horn point in said square and a center of gravity of a cross-section of a column which is permanently joined to said floating body and arranged to cut said still water surface at right angles and support a wind turbine provided with a rotor having a substantially vertical line of rotation and a rotor diameter (D) and a rotor length (L), said unit having eight different horizontal main directions each having a naming angle main direction and said longitudinal centerline, one of said eight main directions being phased with the horizontal wind direction by means of said heading system arranged to rotate said unit about said vertical line (VH) through said HH-146 / square midpoint, the required angle of rotation an interval limited to the arc tangent's 0.5 degrees (-126.56 °) starboard and port about the said longship centerline.

In accordance with the first aspect of the present invention, it may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 1) that the unit carried nine wind turbines located on each vertical pillar in a fixed position at four vertices (NW, NE, SE, SW) and at the center ( C) and in four midpoints on the sides (N, E, S, W) of a square; wherein the vertical line of rotation of a turbine rotor is tangent to the center of gravity line of a pillar at at least one point, i.e. that the pillars are equidistant having a fixed separation distance (A) in the two orthogonal directions of the unit longitudinally and transversely. Thus, the unit has a longship centerline coinciding with the line of symmetry of the square through the center of gravity of the pillars at said points (N, C, S) and a transverse centerline coinciding with the line of symmetry of the square through the center of gravity of the pillars at said points (W, C, E). Furthermore, it may be appreciated that said main node constitutes an intersection point between said vertical line (VH) and the center line of said cross-sectional section of said structure-bearing element.

In operation, the unit exhibits a course toward the geographic north direction, the course direction being defined as the horizontal angle between the unit's longship centerline and the geographic north direction; where the angle assumes the magnitude of 0 degrees port or starboard when the unit's longship centerline coincides with the pillar at a point (N) in the north direction of the unit, and 180 degrees starboard or port where the longship centerline coincides with the pillar at a point (S) in the north direction of the unit. In operation, the unit is assumed to be blown by a wind in a bar towards the geographical north direction, the bar being defined as the horizontal angle between the wind direction and the geographical north direction; wherein the angle assumes the magnitude 0 or 360 degrees in the north direction of the unit and magnitudes between 0 and 360 degrees in other directions to the north direction of the unit, i.e. the wind is assumed to be able to blow the unit from all directions (see also Fig. 17).

Each rotor has a rotor diameter (D) and a rotor length (L) and, as described above, a substantially vertical line of rotation; wherein the rotor diameter is preferably identical to all nine wind turbines, while the length may be allowed to vary between the wind turbines. If the rotor diameter (D) is less than the separation distance (A), the unit has a horizontal distance between two orthogonally adjacent rotors, the shortest HH-147 / distance being equal to the length of the straight line between two nearest points on the circumference of each rotor; i.e. equal to (A) minus (D). Furthermore, if the straight line is perpendicular to the wind direction, the unit has a flat surface bounded by the rotors and the water surface, which allows the wind to pass freely between two. rotors. Furthermore, if the shortest distance exceeds approximately one rotor diameter, i.e. (A) is larger than two. times (D); the surface provides an inlet for a completely undisturbed wind to blow a wind turbine placed in a so-called corridors, which corridors are parallel and may each comprise one wind turbine or two wind turbines; wherein the corridor for two turbines comprises a first turbine placed upstream and a second turbine placed downstream.

As used herein, the terms "first" and "second" refer to the need to distinguish singularity of a plurality of completely permutable elements, but not to physically number; the viii saga, which as heist of the elements can thereby be described as the "first" or "second".

In the present invention, the unit has seven parallel corridors comprising seven wind turbines arranged upstream provided with a completely undisturbed wind as above, wherein two corridors amen comprise a wind turbine arranged downstream provided with a partially large wind. Furthermore, the unit has ana different angles between a corridor and the unit's longship centerline, which angles are called the unit's main directions and assume the size of the arcus tangent 0.5 degrees (= - 26.56 °) port and starboard when blowing for and aft across the unit's longship centerline and transshipment centerline. Thus, in order to extract the wind energy optimally, the unit is rotated to a course direction where a main direction coincides with the wind direction, whereby the unit's square figure with nine wind turbines meant that the course change size can amount to a maximum of twice the arcus tang 0.5 degrees 53.13 ° ).

In the present invention, the unit is intended to rotate horizontally about a point of rotation located in the center of the square, i.e. around a vertical line through the center of gravity of the pillar at a point (C). It should be noted that the present invention does not necessarily require a lagging system or a cable connection to the seabed, i.e. the unit can in the basic version be allowed to operate with wind and water drums while maintaining efficiency; however, the heading system must be able to have.11a unit directed at an angle to the wind direction.

Thus, the first object of the invention is fulfilled in that: HH-148 / the energy recovery per unit area of the wind farm is optimal, in that the surface water part is provided with vertical-axis wind turbines which can be grouped closer than conventional horizontal-axis wind turbines of the quick-looper type; the energy recovery per unit area of the wind farm is optimal, in that the underwater part has a floating body of such a relatively limited size that the whole unit can be efficiently rotated at an angle to the wind direction which amounts to a maximum of 26.56 degrees starboard and port about the longship centerline; wherein the corresponding angular landing for the unit in a permanent anchoring position becomes so small that a cable can be allowed to be suspended at a fixed point in the unit, i.e. in the absence of an expensive and complicated swivel device.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said rotor has different directions of rotation for a first and a second named wind turbine.

As may be appreciated from the above (see claim 2), two wind turbines exhibit different directions of rotation in a first purpose to avoid any torque frail from the rotation of the wind turbines, which tends to rotate the unit around its center of flow and thereby require continuous counter-rotation of the heading system; and for a second purpose to take advantage of any change of direction of the large wind from the wind turbines upstream to increase the efficiency in the recovery of the wind energy of the wind turbines downstream, for example by counter-rotating wind turbines.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said rotor has different rotor diameters (D) and rotor lengths (L) for a first and a second wind turbine.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 3), the unit exhibits wind turbines with different ratios between the diameter (D) and length (L) of the rotors, i.e. different side ratios (D / L). For example, the wind turbine in column (C) can support a rotor with a side ratio of 0.5 while other rotors have a side ratio of 1.0; i.e. The C-rotor is twice as long as the others and can thus use the normally higher wind speed higher up in the air. These side ratios may be fixed, as in the example above; or demanding, such as in some rotors with helical turbine blades. There, the diameter and length of the rotor can vary dynamically, preferably with the wind speed; so that a higher wind speed means that (D) increases at the same time as (L) decreases, while a lower wind speed has the opposite effect on the rotor side ratio (D / L). Thus, for HH-149 / rotors having a lateral relationship which differs with the wind speed, all seven wind turbines upstream will have a larger diameter at an increasing wind speed - but not necessarily have the same lateral ratio - which results in the distance between the rotor blades for these the seven wind turbines; i.e. the width of the corridors decreases, so that the wind is partially shut off to the two wind turbines downstream; which thereby obtain a partially large wind and lower wind speed, i.e. exhibits a lower lateral relationship with a relatively smaller diameter (D) and greater length (L) compared to the wind turbines upstream. Thus, at an increasing or decreasing wind speed, this feature has spiral turbines with dynamic sizing an automatic adjustment of not only the size of the individual wind turbines, but amen the efficiency of energy recovery has the unit.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said unit comprises a team holding system comprising at least three anchoring lines each attached to said seabed and at a suspension point in said pillar in the center of said square, said team holding system there arranged to hold said unit. make in a permanent anchoring position.

As may be understood from the above (see requirement 4), a minimum of three anchor lines are required in order to keep Idget off the unit. Four anchoring ropes to be preferred, however, partly because the anchoring ropes are each suspended in an individual handling arrangement; for example in four so-called fairleads mounted on the outside of the pillar at said point (C), which allow rotation of the unit about a vertical line through said four fairleads; and partly in that the square floating body of the unit (see claim 1) is provided with structural support elements at right angles to each other, which provide a free angle of 90 degrees at the anchoring lines while the maximum angle of rotation of the unit is ----. 53.13 degrees. Thus, four anchoring lines can advantageously be arranged suspended in the column at said point (C) without these coming into contact with the structural support element of the floating body when the unit rotates. However, said anchor lines cannot be physically assembled without a liability in a single central suspension point in the column of said point (C).

Thus, during the rotation of the unit, the rotation about the central suspension point gives rise to an arm, albeit short, between the suspension point of the usual anchor line and the point of rotation of the unit; which sea arm gives rise to a torque, albeit small, which strains to return the unit to the non-rotated layer.

HH-1410 / Saledes, only as unrooted, the unit exhibits the property that the anchoring forces coincide in a single central suspension point in the column at said point (C), whereby said torque is absent.

The said permanent anchoring position meant that the anchoring lines were fixed in a permanent position on the seabed. Due to different wind speeds, wave heights, water currents and ice drift, the size of the environmental loads can vary over time and armed affect the stretching of the anchor lines and the unit's movements so that the unit's position is momentarily displaced, but without disturbing the anchor position. The purpose of the team holding system is primarily to secure the suspension of the cable (see requirement 8).

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said unit comprises a delay line handling arrangement arranged to handle at least one delay line having a fixed length adapted to the course of said unit between 27 degrees rotation angle port and starboard about said longship centerline and each an anchorage point (F1) in said pillar or in said float or in said anchor line or in a cross line connecting two said anchor lines and continuous at least two blocks each connected to an anchor point (F2) in said pillar or in said float or in said anchor line or in said cross line and having an engagement with at least one traction unit arranged to provide a welding force and a traction force in said delay line, said handling arrangement being arranged to actively cooperate with said delay line so that the course of said unit ed can be held and changed.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 5), the course direction of the unit may be achieved by delaying from a pillar located at a center point on one side or a vertex in said square to an opposite stop in a cross line connected to the anchor lines on either side of said pillar. The traction force in the retaining line is provided by a traction unit, for example a fixed anchor winch placed above the said still water surface on a platform to a pillar in order to obtain a reliable handling arrangement. The delay line is arranged below said still water surface, in order to prevent contact between the anchor lines and the structure-supporting elements in the floating body of the unit; wherein the rear spirits of the retaining line are attached to an anchoring point (F1), for example in a pillar in a center point on one side of said square or in a cross line connected to two said anchoring lines. The delay line HH-1411 / thus forms a closed loop with a fixed length and has no or little overlong due to the different course directions of the unit according to the invention, i.e. the delay line can always be kept straight. The closed loop traverses at least two blocks in an anchorage point (F2), for example in a cross line; wherein the block may be fixedly or movably connected to the crossing line, for example that the block may be fixed in a runner provided with a running wheel having a low friction against the crossing line (not shown). Since the anchor lines are normally stretched up in the wind and road direction and the unit moves in the same direction, the tension of the cross line and the fixed Idge of the anchor point (F2) are also affected; so that the runner can move the anchorage point (F2) to a point on the cross line where the tension of the delay line is adapted to the tension of the anchor lines.

Said blocks can also be connected to a pillar, for example via so-called fairleads arranged on the outwardly directed side of the column below the still water line, the retaining line being angled upwards to a traction unit located above the still water line. It may be appreciated that the delay line may be provided with a stop, such as a rubber fender, for the purpose of preventing over-rotation of the unit; i.e. beyond 27 degrees starboard and port about the longship centerline, and that several different gravitational masses (M) and displacing lifting forces can be arranged on the anchor lines in order to change the anchor lines and the extension of the cruise lines. It may be appreciated that the traction to the delay is transmitted via the opposite to the anchor lines and further from the anchors to the seabed, and that in practice there should be several different delay line handling arrangements which are not described; for example, including multiple delay lines.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said floating body is provided with at least one propeller arranged to provide a horizontal traction force engaging in at least one of said pillars in the vertices of the square, whereby the course of said unit can thereby be tilted and changed.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 6), a torque is required about a vertical line through the center of flow of the unit for the purpose of the second course; which moment constitutes the product of the traction force and the sea arm to the center of rotation of the unit, i.e. that the longer the sea arm is (larger radius), the lower traction is needed to achieve the same torque. Since the size of the unit is given by the separation distance (A) of the turbines, the traction force is greatest when it is applied in the horn of the square and directed at an angle to the radius to the center of the square, where the point of rotation is. Thus, a propeller may be built into or arranged on the outside of, for example, HH-1412 / below, one or more of said pillars in the vertices of said square (NW, NE, SE, SW). Said propeller may be provided with fixed or rotatable blades and arranged fixed or pivotable, for example as a so-called azimuting thruster. Furthermore, for example, a first propeller can provide the traction in one direction and a second propeller in the opposite direction, the first propeller being used for clockwise rotation and the second propeller at counterclockwise direction of the unit. As is apparent from claim 5, this embodiment of the present invention meant that said propeller can assist in the rotation of the unit by completely or partially relieving the traction unit and thereby salting or maintaining the delay. The function of the traction unit thus becomes merely lasing, i.e. inclining the established course direction.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said unit comprises a system for dynamic positioning of the unit arranged to keep said center of the square in a certain position and to keep and change the course of said unit, said floating body being provided with at least one propeller arranged to provide a horizontal traction force engaging in at least one of said pillars in the vertices of the square, said propeller being mounted on a propeller shaft arranged to change direction in the horizontal plane.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 7), the Idge of the unit can be tilted and the course tilted and changed automatically by means of a dynamic positioning (DP) system comprising at least one azimuthaling thruster. This applies amen if the unit is equipped with a cable (see requirement 8). Thus, no anchoring of the unit is required, which can be cost-effective at great water depths; and no safety system against overrotation of the unit, as there are no anchor lines that can interfere with the unit during rotation.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one cable is suspended in said pillar at the center of the square.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 8), a suspension exactly or in the immediate vicinity of the unit's point of rotation means that the movements of the unit are minimized at the point of suspension of the cable, i.e. that the cable receives minimal induced forces and displacements arising from the movement of the unit. The cable is often hung vertically down from the suspension point, whereby the angle to the vertical line may deviate slightly due to the movement of the unit and / or the impact of currents or ice in the water. The cable is therefore HH-1413 / hoist equipped with a flexible socket s.k. bending restrictor, which picks up and distributes any captured bending torque of the cable to the unit's suspension device in order to prevent the cable from being bent over at the suspension point. The permissible displacement and twisting of the cable is primarily limited by the impact of the environmental factors on the bending and twisting of the cable and is determined by the suspension arrangement and the water depth. Thus, with a suitable suspension arrangement, the unit can be located at a small water depth; for example, placed in a smaller lake with a water depth of about 30 meters or in the tip hay at a water depth of about 50 meters.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least the said pillars in the vertices of the square are provided with a cross-sectional section coated below said still water surface having a convex closed planar streamlined figure with two axes, the larger axis of the two named being directed perpendicular to the radius of a centered circle in the center of said square.

As may be appreciated from the above (see claim 9), an effect of a course direction is that the floating body of the unit obtains a speed through the water which increases linearly with the distance from the point of rotation, where the speed is zero; whereby the flow resistance of the floating body increases quadratically with the speed, which is of great importance for the required magnitude of the traction force and the time for the execution of a course direction. Thus, the underwater part of at least the pillars of the unit at the vertices of said square (NE, SE, SW, NW) is streamlined in the direction of rotation, i.e. both during clockwise and counterclockwise rotation, in order to minimize the flow resistance during rotation and thus the required traction force has the said propeller, or give an increased speed through the water during rotation of the unit. The cross-sectional section of the column has, for example, a first line of symmetry coinciding with the radius of the point of rotation of the unit and a second line of symmetry perpendicular to said radius, the second line of symmetry forming the major axis of an ellipse, oval or a pointed oval. In one embodiment (not shown), said cross-sectional section transitions from streamlined to circular at the intersection of the still water surface.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said square is divided into four small squares and said structure-bearing elements are permanently joined in bicnut points, each of said biknut points lying on a vertical line (VB) through a center point or a center point one side in each of the said four small squares.

HH-1414 / As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 10), the floating body describes a square horizontally squared having 16 orthogonal squares and 40 straight horizontal structural elements joined together in 25 nodes, of which 9 main nodes are joined to vertical pillars and 16 bevel joints are not joined. to vertical pillars.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said cross-sectional section of said structure-supporting element comprises two disjoint closed planar figures each with a center of gravity, the two main centers of gravity lying on a vertical line (VE).

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 11), the planar figures may be rectilinear, preferably convex polygons, for example squares; or bounded by convex curves, preferably circles. For example, the structural support elements may be constituted by two circular-cylindrical straight tubes of different diameters beamed in the lower and upper levels of the floating body, respectively, the cross-sectional sections may change from circular to square in connection with a pillar, a pillar or a strut.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the floating body comprises at least one strut with a cross-sectional section arranged to permanently join said structure-supporting elements.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 12), a structural support member may be joined to a vertical truss by a strut having a center of gravity line coinciding with the vertical plane containing the vertical line of the centers of gravity of the two mentioned figures in the cross section of the structural member. (so-called vertical bar) or inclined (so-called vertical oblique bar) having an angle to the vertical line. Furthermore, it may be realized that the vertical truss thus obtained has two nodes which are possible for other struts to be connected to; for example, two structure-supporting elements can be joined to a horizontal truss by a strut which joins two nodes at the same level in the floating body, for example by a horizontal inclined strut at a 45 degree angle to two vertical trusses. It should be clear from the above that other combinations and directions of struts are possible.

HH-1415 / In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said struts connect the two said disjunct figures to a bipolar provided with a center line coinciding with said vertical line (VB), wherein at least the said bipoles in the said midpoints of the sides of said small squares having a vertex coinciding with the vertex of said square are provided with a cross-sectional section having a convex closed planar streamlined figure provided with two orthogonal axes, the major axis of the two mentioned being perpendicular to the radius (R) in a horizontal circle centered on the center of said square.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 13), the 16 bik nodes of the unit (see claim 10) are joined to 16 straight vertical bipillars of said struts in one embodiment, the structural elements comprising two disjoint figures (see claim 11); wherein at least Alta bipillars - which have the largest radius to the point of rotation of the unit - are streamlined in the direction of rotation, i.e. both when rotating clockwise and counterclockwise; in order to minimize the flow resistance during rotation and thereby minimize the required traction of the said traction unit to the delay line (see claim 5) and / or of the propeller (see claim 6) or to increase the speed of the unit through the water during rotation. The cross-section of the bipoles can, for example, have the same figure as the horn column of the unit (see requirement 9), but in a different shell size.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said floating body and pillars are made of steel.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see requirement 14), established practices and standards for ships, offshore units and steel wind turbines may be used for the construction, installation and operation of the unit; which i.a. Or that the unit can be produced in a suitable wide ship dock and exposed according to normal shipbuilding practice, or welded together on flat ground and transported with the help of trailers to a barge at the quay and towed away.

A second aspect of the present invention relates to a method for second course direction of a floating unit arranged to float in a body of water with a seabed for extracting energy from the speed of the wind (V) and when said unit floats, said body of water when a still water line has said unit, said unit comprising a course direction system and a floating body which i.a. is arranged to have a straight longitudinal centerline and is joined by nine pillars each carrying an HH-1416 / wind turbine with a rotor having a substantially vertical line of rotation, said unit having eight different horizontal main directions (10 -10) each having an angular size between said main direction and said longship center line The method according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises the steps of: determining an angular magnitude between the current direction of said longship center line and the geographical north direction; determine an angular magnitude between the horizontal direction of the current wind and the geographical north direction; —Compare the angular magnitude between each of said eight main directions and the geographic north direction, with the angular magnitude between the said horizontal direction of the current wind and the geographic north direction; determine an angular difference between a new direction and the said current direction of said longship center line and the geographical north direction so that, at said new direction, the angular magnitude between one of said main directions and the geographical north direction coincides with the angular magnitude between said horizontal current direction of the wind and the geographical north direction; rotating said unit about a said vertical line (VH) through the center of said square by means of said heading system so that said angular difference is obtained, the size of the required angle of rotation having an interval limited to the starboard of the arc tangent of 0.5 degrees (26.56 °) and port on the said longship center line.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 15), the method comprises the step of determining the current course direction of the unit, which varies with the rotation of the unit; for example, by unloading on the compass of the device. The method step can, for example, be taken as a first registration in a continuous food process, whereby registration and determination of the course direction can coincide in time.

HH-1417 / Furthermore, the method comprises the step of determining the bearing to the current wind direction, which varies with time regardless of the course direction; for example, by unloading on the unit's wind feeder. The method step can, for example, be taken as a second registration in a continuous feeding process, whereby registration and determination of the wind direction can coincide in time. In case both course direction and wind direction are determined, the change in wind direction, i.e. the wind twist; is calculated on the basis of the assumption that the current course direction does not represent the current wind direction but instead the wind direction before it was last determined. Because the wind can blow the unit from all directions, but not at the same time; the magnitude of the wind rotation can vary from 0 to 360 degrees, whereby a wind rotation which increases the angle between the wind direction and the unit's longship centerline is said to take place clockwise; for example, that a clockwise wind rotation equal to 10 degrees at starboard changes the wind direction from 20 to 30 degrees, while a counterclockwise wind rotation instead reduces the said angle. Thus, the entire wind rotation can take place within one main sector, or the wind rotation can take place over several main sectors; see below.

Furthermore, the method comprises the step of comparing the main directions with the determined wind direction and thereby examining whether they coincide, in order to determine whether the unit needs to be rotated. Since the main directions of the unit (CD - CD) each have a fixed angle to the unit's longitudinal centerline (= 26.56 and = 63.43 and = 116.56 and = 153.43 and = 206.56 and = 243.43 and = 296.56 and = 333.43 degrees) and the course direction coincides with the longship center line, the direction of the named wind corridors towards the geographical north direction is equal to the algebraic sum of the course direction and the main direction. For example, at a fixed new course direction of 10 degrees port, i.e. 350 degrees; the wind corridor for main direction 0 has an angular magnitude equal to (350 + 26.56) = 376.56 degrees = 16.56 degrees, because the horizon is divided into 360 degrees as above. If the wind direction is set to 16.56 degrees in the example, main direction T coincides with the wind direction; why the unit does not need to be rotated. On the other hand, if the wind direction is set to 20 degrees in the example, the unit may be rotated because the main direction T does not coincide with the wind direction, see the next steps in the method. However, if the wind direction is set to (16.56 + 36.87) = 53.43 degrees in the example, i.e. the wind rotation is 36.87 degrees; main direction 0 coincides with the wind direction, so the unit does not need to be rotated.

HH-1418 / According to the present invention, the unit has different directions; which directions are called the main directions of the unit and constitute the so-called corridors lamped for the wind (V) efficient passage of the unit's wind turbines. The main directions are intended to coincide with the wind direction, which has the consequence that the usual main direction has an operational sector within which said main direction is directed towards the wind direction and can phase to coincide with the wind direction. Named sectors are called the main sectors of the unit and are eight in number, all of which are planar with the midpoints coinciding in the midpoint of said square and exhibiting a midpoint angle equal to 2 times the arc tangent of 0.5 (= 53.13) degrees. Said eight main sectors together thank the surface of said square and are divided into four pairs of main sectors, the usual pair of main sectors having only a common angle leg coinciding with the said longship centerline or transverse centerline. Thus, the main sectors do not overlap in the 0, 90, 180 and 270 degree direction towards the longship centerline. Since the sum of the said center point angles is about 425 degrees, which sum exceeds 360 degrees; For example, the two non-common angle legs in habit pairs will overlap the two non-common angle legs in each nearest pair of main sectors, by about 16 degrees. That is to say, there are four named overlapping sectors with a bisector covered in 45, 135, 225 and 315 degrees direction towards the longship centerline and a midpoint angle = 16.26 degrees.

Furthermore, the method includes the step of determining the new course direction, i.e. the angular magnitude and direction of rotation of the unit; wherein the angle of rotation depends on the course direction, the wind direction and the main direction, i.e. which original main direction coincided with the wind direction before the wind rotation occurred and which new main direction is relevant to coincide with the determined current wind direction. Said new main direction is selected in order to obtain the smallest possible rotation angle of the unit, the size and direction of the rotation angle preferably being equal to the wind rotation minus the algebraic difference between the new and the original main direction (see note in Fig. 18). According to the above-mentioned example, with the wind direction lying in an overlapping sector between 0 and 0; i.e. with the bisector 45 degrees, the course direction being 10 degrees port and the wind direction 46 degrees; the wind rotation becomes equal to (46 - 350) = -304 degrees = 56 degrees clockwise and the difference between main direction 0 and 0 is equal to (63.43 - 26.56) = 36.87 degrees, whereby the new course direction is equal to (56 - 36.87) = 19.13 degrees HH-1419 / starboard. In the same example, but with the wind direction 40 degrees, the new main direction becomes equal to the original main direction and the named algebraic difference thus equals zero; whereby the exchange rate direction of the amount coincides with the wind rotation. As a further advantageous feature of the present invention, the course change is nail if the wind rotation minus the algebraic difference between the new and the original main direction is equal to nail. In the example above, where the new course direction is 10 degrees port and the wind direction instead is = 26.87 degrees; if the wind rotation is equal to (26.87 + 10) = = 36.87 degrees clockwise, why the unit does not need to be rotated - which has already been shown.

Furthermore, the method comprises the step of performing the course direction by rotating the unit as a result of the wind rotation, which does not always take place in the direction of the wind rotation; for example clockwise, but according to the need to obtain a main direction coinciding with the wind direction; which may mean that the unit may be rotated in the opposite direction, for example counterclockwise. Means for performing the said course direction are described in e.g. claims 5, 6 and 7.

According to the present invention, the magnitude of the required angle of rotation is maximized to an interval limited to the 0.5 degree starboard and port of the arc tangent along said longship centerline; i.e. the unit includes the advantageous feature of never having to be rotated to a larger course direction an = 26.56 degrees at starboard or port am longship centerline. Thus, the unit can be rotated maximum = 53.13 degrees at one and the same time, but often to a much smaller angle of rotation; for the purpose of keeping the unit oriented with a main direction coinciding with the wind direction.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to a use of the device according to claims 1 - 14 and an embodiment of the course direction according to claim 15 for a floating unit arranged to float in a body of water with a seabed for recovering energy from the velocity of the wind, the said recovered the energy is converted into electrical or mechanical or visual effect or a combination of two or more of said effects.

As may be appreciated from the foregoing (see claim 16), the unit constitutes a floating wind farm for generating power, the unit comprising equipment for converting the recovered wind energy to power; for example generator, gearbox, transformer, control system, control system, and cabling. The wind farm also constitutes a facility to be operated in operation and maintained, the unit includes equipment for HH-1420 / repair and replacement of components, as well as transport routes inside the displacing parts of the floating body for access to each wind turbine. By mechanical effect is meant, for example, that a turbine shaft directly drives a pump without an intermediate link via electricity, while visual effect refers, for example, to electricity being used for the purpose of illuminating the unit's surface water part for the purpose of alerting and guiding shipping.

HH-1421 / BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be described below more fully with reference to figures of non-limiting examples of various embodiments. It is to be understood, however, that the embodiments have been introduced to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention, as determined by the appended claims. It should be noted that the figures have not been drawn to scale and that the dimensions of certain pitcher-like features have been exaggerated for the sake of clarity.

Figure 1.A floating unit according to the first aspect (perspective view).

Figure 2. The main directions of the unit for crossing according to Fig. 1.

Figure 3. The main directions of the unit aft across according to Fig. 1.

Figure 4 The definition points of the floating body in square figures (sketch).

Figure The hubs of the floating body (sketch).

Figure 6The pillar of the floating body at two disjoint structural elements (sketch).

Figure 7The unit's pillars and turbine rotors above the still water surface.

Figure 8 Cross section through the floating body.

Figure 9 Cross-section of structural elements with two disjoint figures.

Figure Wind turbines with different directions of rotation, rotor diameter and rotor length.

Figure 11 Delay management arrangement at the course 0 degrees.

Figure 12Delay handling arrangement at the course 27 degrees port, with traction unit in the middle pillar.

Figure 13Delay handling arrangement at the course 27 degrees port, with a traction unit in a horn pillar.

Figure 14Cross-section through Fig.11, parallel to the transverse centerline.

Figure Cross section through Fig. 11, parallel to the longship centerline.

Figure 16Cross-section through Fig. 12, parallel to the longship centerline.

Figure 17Defined directions for the unit (sketch) Figure 18The unit's course directions (rotation path) at clockwise and counterclockwise wind rotation (diagram).

HH-1422 / DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of the unit (1) floating according to the invention arranged with a floating body (5) bearing nine vertical axis wind turbines (14) which are orthogonal and equidistant with A ) and having the rotor diameter (D). The wind turbines are denoted by the cardinal and intercardinal directions in relation to the north direction of the unit, i.e. (NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW, N); and with (C) denoting the wind turbine beldgen in the center of the unit. The wind turbine (N) is designated lie for am (C) and the wind turbine (S) aft am (C), and the wind turbine (W) lie port of (C) and the wind turbine (E) starboard am (C). Just as an example, (A) can be equal to 100 meters and (D) equal to 50 meters and the length of the turbine rotor (L) equal to 50 m.

Fig. 1 shows the wind (V) blowing in the direction of about 27 degrees port and for transverse to the unit's longitudinal centerline (arcus tangent 0.5 26.56 °), which is a main direction of the other main directions lamped for the efficient passage of the wind through the wind turbines. As a result of the wind hitting a turbine rotor, a wind shadow (B) arises with extension in 1a adapted to the dissipation of the wind vortices, which takes place in three dimensions and is assumed to decay linearly with the distance from the rotor upstream, corresponding to the total length of rotor diameters (D). Fig. 1 shows that all wind turbines have free wind, except S and SE which have partly large winds from NW and N in headwinds.

Fig. 2 shows the invention according to Fig. 1, which is shown in sub-figure 0. In addition, the wind (V) is shown blowing in other main directions for transverse: about 27 degrees starboard towards the longship center line, see sub-figure about 27 degrees starboard towards the transverse centerline, see sub-figure CD, - about 27 degrees port towards the transept centerline, see sub-figure O.

Fig. 2 shows that all wind turbines have free wind in all main directions in the opposite direction, except for two turbines which have partially large wind frail turbines in wind direction.

Fig. 3 shows the invention according to Fig. 1 but with the wind (V) blowing in the main directions aft across: -about 27 degrees starboard towards the transept centerline, see sub-figure 3, approx. 27 degrees starboard towards the longship centerline, see sub-figure O, HH-1423 / approx. 27 degrees port towards the longship center line, see sub-figure 0, approximately 27 degrees port towards the transept center line, see sub-figure O.

Fig. 3 shows that all wind turbines have free wind in all main directions aft, except for two turbines which have partly large wind from turbines in wind direction.

Fig. 4 shows in partial figure that the structure-bearing elements (6) on the periphery of the floating body form a square figure (8) with nodes in the horn points (12). Fig. 4 shows the straight longitudinal center line (9) passing through the center point (10) of the square and two of the center points on the sides (11) of the square. In sub-figure b, the structure-bearing elements (6) in the four small squares (30) and center points (32) in and center points on the sides (33) of the four small squares (30) are shown. From the sub-figures a and b it is understood that the center point (10) in said square (8) coincides with a vertex all four small squares (30).

Fig. 5 shows the main nodes (7) and biknuts (31) of the structure-bearing elements (6) in the floating body (5). Sections a - a are shown in Fig.8.

Fig. 6 shows the pillars (13) and bipillars (36) of the floating body in an embodiment in which the cross-sectional section of the structure-bearing elements (6) is designed as two disjoint figures (34). Fig. 6 shows the cross-sectional section of the four pillars (13) in the vertices (12) of the square provided with an elliptical figure (29) with the major axis coinciding with the direction of rotation of the unit (1), which is perpendicular to the radius (R) in a horizontal circle with center in the center of said square (10). The other five pillars (13) have a circular cross-section. Correspondingly, the cross-sectional section of the old bipolars (36) having the largest radius (R) to the center point (10) of the square has an oval shape, while the other eight bipillars (36) have a circular cross-sectional section. Those of the pillars (13) and bipolars (36) shown with a circular cross-section may have a cross-section of another shape; for example, oval or rectangular, which may depend on the location in the floating body.

Fig. 7 shows the surface water part of the unit with nine pillars (13) each provided with a wind turbine and a rotor (15) with rotor diameter (D).

Fig. 8 shows in sub-figure a - a a cross-section through the floating body (5) and a pillar (13) in one of the corner points (12) of the square, see section a - a in Fig. 5. The cross-sectional section of the structure-bearing element (6) consists of of a closed planar figure, wherein the element (6) HH-1424 / is bounded in the spirits by the main node (7) lying on the vertical line (VH) by one of the corner points (12) of the square and by the biknut point (31) lying on the vertical line (VB) by the center (33) on one side of one of the four small squares (30). Subfigure b - b shows a cross section through the floating body (5) and a bipolar (36), see section b - b Fig. 6. The cross section section of the structure-bearing element (6) consists of two closed flat disjoint figures (34) oriented vertically above each other, the element (6) being delimited in the spirits by two bicnut points (31) each lying on a vertical line (VB), one (31) by a center point (33) on one side in one of the four small squares (30) and the second (31) through a center point (32) in one of said four small squares (30). Figures b - b show, by way of example, a vertical strut (35) and two vertical sloping struts (35), which join the two disjointed figures (34) in the cross section of the element into a vertical truss construction, in order to reinforce the floating body weight effectively.

Fig. 9 shows in figures c - c four different examples of cross-sectional sections in a structure-bearing element with two disjoint closed planar figures, see section c-ci in Fig. 8. In partial figure i shows the ram figures with the same cross-sectional section and circular lying on a common vertical line (VE), i.e. the element consists of two thin-walled rudders of the same diameter; wherein the upper rudder is intended for transport wagons between the unit's pillars and the secondary pillars, while the lower rudder is intended for water ballast (WB) in order to reduce the displacement of the unit. Sub-figure ii shows the upper rudder filled with water ballast (WB), while the lower rudder has a cross-sectional section of a rounded rectangle with two vertical bulkheads, of which one watertight bulkhead separates a space for water ballast (WB) and another space houses cabling, ballasts. drainage lines and other communication (T) between the pillars of the unit and the secondary pillars; while the middle space is used for staff transport. Sub-figure L indicates that the upper rudder is used for transport and other communication (T), while the lower rudder is filled with water ballast (WB). Sub-figure iv shows the ram cross-section sections rectangular, the lower rectangle having a watertight shot in the vertical line (VE); which on one side is provided with a service tunnel for communication (T), and on the other side is filled with water ballast (WB). It will be appreciated that the two planar figures may have other combinations and shapes.

Fig. 10 shows in sub-figure a the wind turbines of the unit with different directions of rotation of a first (17) and a second (18) rotor. Fig. 10 shows, for example, that the rotors on columns (N, W, E, S) rotate at Niger, while (NW, NE, C, SW, SE) rotate at left - viewed from a HH-1425 / point next to the device. Part a also shows that the wind turbines of the unit can have different rotor diameters of a first (19) and a second (20) rotor, for example at a wind (V) directed from 270 degrees towards the north direction of the unit. Sub-figure b - b shows a cross section through the unit, which is defined in sub-figure a, with three rotors of different diameters (D1, D2 and 03) and different lengths (L1, L2 and L3). The first (19) and second (20) rotors are of the same helical type with dynamic sizing and of the same original size, while the column (NE) wind turbine is a static size H-rotor. Sub-figure b - b shows an example of how the rotor diameter (D1) then increases. the rotor length (L1) decreases because the wind speed is higher in said first rotor (19) located in the windward direction of said second rotor, which (20) has a smaller rotor diameter (D2) and larger rotor length (L2) because it (20) ends up in the wind shadow of the said first rotor (19). Subfigure b - b also shows that the line of rotation (16) can deviate from the vertical line (VH), i.e. can be crooked; for example in the direction of the wind.

Fig. 11 shows the unit (1) floating with a still water line (4) in an unrotated position and anchored with four anchoring lines (21) in each of a suspension point (22) in the pillar in the center point (10) of the square. Fig. 11 shows a cable (28) connected to said pillar in the center point (10) of the square. The pillar (N) and the longitudinal centerline (9) are given as a reference to the unrotated layer, i.e. then the course direction (K) of the unit coincides with the north direction (EN) of the unit, see also Fig. 17. Fig. 11 shows an example of a delay line handling arrangement (23) according to the invention, wherein the ram of the delay line (24) is connected to a common anchoring point (F1). in said column in a center point (11) on a side in said square (8); i.e. that the delay line armed forms a closed loop, which passes through two blocks (F2) symmetrically connected around the two-way center line (TCL) in unrotated position in a cross line (25). Said cross line (25) is connected in each case to one of said anchoring lines (21) and passes through two further blocks connected to said pillar in the center of the square (10), where the delay line (24) engages a pulling unit (26) located above still water surface (4). Said anchoring lines (21) may, for example, consist of a steel wire, steel cutting, a synthetic rope or a combination of said components.

Fig. 12 shows the unit according to Fig. 11, but rotated about 27 degrees port. The geometry of the unit together with the location of the anchorage points (F1, F2) means that the sum of the distance between F2 about the transept centerline (TCL) and F1 and the distance between F2 aft about the transversal centerline (TCL) and F1 is equal at unrotated HH-1426 / layer (see Fig. 11) and 27 degree rotation; i.e. the tension of the delay line is unchanged, moreover, the distance between F2 and the pillar at the center point (10) of the square is equal on the rear sides of the transverse centerline (TCL), since the anchorage points (F1) are symmetrical; i.e. the length of the delay line (24) can thus be constant, which is advantageous as it simplifies the function of the traction unit. Thus, the delay line handling arrangement (23) allows the rotation of the unit to be changed by tightening the delay line (24) with the aid of said traction unit (26) and - when the required rotation has been performed - the delay line (24) is automatically read into position by means of said traction unit. (26). At an upcoming course direction, the delay line (24) is automatically unloaded by the traction unit (26) before the next delay can be started. For example, said delay line (21) may be arranged in a polyester rope shackled to a steel cat for engagement with the traction unit; which gives little friction in F2 and great engagement and good weldability has the traction unit. The pulling unit can, for example, alternatively consist of a drum carcass, whereby a polyester rope can be relocated with three varies around the drum in order to obtain sufficient friction for the pull.

Fig. 13 shows the unit rotated approximately 27 degrees port, anchored with four anchoring ropes (21) and two cross ropes (25) connected in a common point on an anchoring rope (21), the retaining rope (24) being fixed in an anchoring point (F1) in the middle on each cross line (25) and continuous two. block (F2) connected to the horn column (NW) where the traction unit (26) is located above the still water line (not shown).

Fig. 14 shows in the unit in unrotated layer according to section a - a in Fig. 11, i.e. set aft from the transverse centerline (TCL). The traction unit (26) is shown located on a platform above the still water line, which makes the traction unit easier to maintain if it is located below the still water line. The floating body (5) is shown with a cross-sectional section in the structure-bearing elements (6) comprising two disjoint figures, which cross-sectional section may, however, comprise one or more figures; for example a single figure (see sub-figure a - a in Fig. 8). The wind turbines (14) are shown with helical rotors (15), but these may be the type of vertical shaft turbine heist; for example H-rotors (see Fig. 10, sub-figure b - b). The anchoring lines (21) are shown anchored in the seabed (3) with anchors (G) and, for example, weighed down by the gravitational mass (M). P.g.a. the a - a location of the section, only the three foremost wind turbines are visible from the viewer's point of view, while the other six wind turbines are obscured.

HH-1427 / Fig. 15 shows the unit in unrotated bearing according to sections b - b in Fig. 11, i.e. seen from port. The traction unit (26) is shown as a wheel intended to actuate the tow line (24) with a traction force and thereby rotate the unit. Fig. 15 shows a propeller (27) in a nozzle fixed under a pillar in two of the horn points (12) of the square, which propeller (27) in one embodiment can provide all or part of said traction force of the traction unit (26); wherein the traction unit (26) can be disengaged and in the extreme case be arranged to only load the delay line in a position corresponding to the determined course direction (K) of the unit, while in other cases it can cooperate with said propeller (27) in providing said traction. The gravitational mass (M) is shown as an example.

Fig. 16 shows the unit rotated approximately 27 degrees port according to section c - c in Fig. 12, i.e. seen in the wind direction coinciding with the main direction 0. Fig. 16 shows seven of the unit's nine wind turbines (14), two of which are behind and obscured by the ones in front; and three propellers (27) in the vertices (12) of the square. The wind turbines (14) in Fig. 16 have all rotors (15) of the same rotor diameter (D) and are shown overlapping each other in the wind direction, which is the case, for example, if the separation distance (A) is less than two rotor diameters (D) described above (see claim 1) . The gravitational mass (M) is shown as an example.

Fig. 17 shows, in a bird's eye view: the unit (1) having a longship centerline (9, LCL) and a transverse centerline (TCL) and a wind turbine in pillars (N); the unit (1) rotated port at an angular size between the longitudinal center line (9) and the geographical north direction (GN), i.e. in one course direction (K); the bearing of the wind at an angular magnitude between the wind direction (V) and the geographical north direction (GN); main direction 0 in an angular magnitude between the main direction, parallel offset to the pillars (N), and the longship centerline (9); main direction 0 in an angular magnitude equal to the main direction plus 180 degrees; an angular magnitude between the north direction (EN) of the unit and the geographic north direction (GN), i.e. the unit's fixed course direction in unrotated Idge; for example, taken in a permanent anchoring position HH-1428 / It should be understood from Fig. 17 that the angular magnitude of the course direction and all main directions and wind direction can be determined from the unit's north direction (EN) by algebraic subtraction from the geographical north direction (GN).

Fig. 18 shows the unit rotated about its center at four different angles of rotation between the unit's longitudinal centerline and north direction which is marked with an unfilled arrow in the figure, whereby (N) denotes the wind turbine in the north direction of the unit (EN) when the unit is unrotated: about 26 , 56 degrees port, see sub-figure a, about 18.43 degrees starboard, see sub-figure b, -about 18.43 degrees port, sed sub-figure c, about 26.56 degrees starboard, see sub-figure d.

The unit is shown in subfigures a, b c and d surrounded by a compass rose with 72 lines, i.e. with a 5 degree division, whereby the current wind direction is assumed to be able to blow the unit from all directions. The main directions of the unit are marked with 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, and different lines, the angular sizes being indicated after the compass rose; i.e. relative to the north direction of the unit. Fig. 18 shows the rotation path, i.e. the change of the unit's course direction, in order to make the flag of the eight different main directions coincide with the current wind direction; wherein sub-figures a, b c and d constitute the unit of law of the unit. The arrows between sub-figures a, b c and d in Fig.5 show how the unit is rotated between the water layers during clockwise wind rotation, see solid line; respective counterclockwise wind rotation, see dashed line; wherein the arrows between a and b and between c and d represent a course direction in the direction equal to the wind rotation, see below; while the arrows between b and c and between d and a represent a course direction in the opposite direction, i.e. a counter-rotation.

Although the direction and rotation of the wind is independent of the present invention, the present invention is arranged for the purpose of effectively aligning the unit at an angle to the current wind direction. Thus the wind can come from whichever watercourse heist, as mentioned above, whereby the wind often changes direction; i.e. turns, which occurs either in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction relative to the north direction of the unit viewed from a torch perspective. When clockwise wind rotation, it may be realized that sub-figure a shows the unit rotated 26.56 degrees port of the north direction of the unit, the main direction coinciding with the wind direction frail 0 degrees, i.e. in the unit's HH-1429 / north direction. If the wind rotates from 0 to 45 degrees, the unit rotates clockwise with main direction 0 coinciding with the current wind direction. When the wind direction is reached 45 degrees, the unit has been rotated clockwise 45 degrees from the starting point in sub-figure a and thus assumed the course = 18.43 degrees starboard, which may be realized by sub-figure b.

In a further clockwise wind rotation, for example to 90 degrees wind direction, the unit is momentarily rotated counterclockwise to = 18.43 degrees port, i.e. counter-rotated = 36.87 degrees to the course in sub-figure c. Thus, the main direction 0 is directed 45 degrees to the north direction of the unit and the unit in position to rotate clockwise in order to keep the main direction 0 directed in line with the current wind direction, if this turns from 45 to 90 degrees. At 90 degrees wind direction, the unit has been rotated clockwise 45 degrees from the starting point in sub-figure c and taken the course = 26.56 degrees starboard, which may be realized by sub-figure d. At further clockwise wind rotation, for example to 91 degrees, the unit is momentarily rotated counterclockwise to the course = 26 , 56 degrees port, which may be understood by sub-figure a. Thus, the rotation path for the unit's course direction at clockwise wind rotation in the unit's first quadrant between 0 and 90 degrees to the unit's north direction has been described, where the path for main direction 0 follows sub-figure a -> b for wind interval 0 to 45 degrees, and main direction 0 follows c -> d for the wind range 45 to 90 degrees. As may be appreciated from Fig. 18, the clockwise rotation rotation is identical in the other three quadrants of the unit, i.e. for other main directions 3 - Z.

When the wind is turned counterclockwise, it may be realized that sub-figure d shows the unit rotated = 26.56 degrees starboard about the north direction of the unit, the main direction 0 coinciding with the wind direction frail 0 degrees, i.e. in the north direction of the unit and equal to 360 degrees. If the wind rotates frail 360 to 315 degrees, the unit is rotated counterclockwise with main direction 0 coinciding with the current wind direction. At 315 degrees wind direction, the unit has been rotated counterclockwise 45 degrees from the starting point in sub-figure d and thus taken the course = 18.43 degrees port, which may be realized by sub-figure c. At further counterclockwise wind rotation, for example to 270 degrees wind direction, the unit is momentarily counterclockwise to the course = 18.43 degrees starboard, ie thus the main direction 0 is directed 315 degrees towards the north direction of the unit and the unit in position to rotate counterclockwise in order to keep the main direction © directed in line with the current wind direction, if this rotates from 315 to 270 degrees. At 270 degrees wind direction, the unit has been rotated clockwise 45 degrees frail starting point in sub-figure b and taken the course = 26.56 degrees port, which may be realized by sub-figure a. In further counterclockwise wind rotation, for example to 269 degrees, the unit is momentarily counterclockwise to HH-1430 / course = 26.56 degrees starboard, which may be understood by subfigure d. Thus, the rotation path for the unit's rotation at counterclockwise wind rotation in the unit's fourth quadrant between 270 and 360 degrees to the unit's north direction has been described, -> c for the wind range 360 to 315 degrees, and main direction 0 follows b -> a for the wind range 315 to 270 degrees.

As may be appreciated from Fig. 18, the rotational motion of counterclockwise wind rotation is identical in the other three quadrants of the unit, i.e. for other main directions 0 - S.

It should be noted that the rotation path shown in Fig. 18 is an example of the heading of the unit according to the present invention. For example, main sectors 10 and 0 overlap by = 16.26 degrees, as explained in the description above, which offers to the clockwise rotation a -> b the alternative a -> d; i.e. that main direction 0 can continue to coincide with the wind direction from 45 to = 53.13 degrees. As may be appreciated, this can be an advantage if the wind is expected to turn back fr5n = 53.13 degrees and the counter-rotation b -> c clamed can be avoided. Said overlap can also be used in the example of the alternative to switch to main direction 0 already at = 36.87 degrees.

It should also be noted that the rotational speed of the unit in Fig. 18 is reversible when the main directions 0 to 0 tackle the same wind directions at both counterclockwise and clockwise wind rotation, and that the unit rotates maximum = 26.56 degrees starboard and port from the north direction (EN).

Claims (1)

HH-141 / REQUIREMENTS 1. A floating unit (1) arranged to float in a body of water (2) with a seabed (3) for extracting energy from the speed has the wind (V) and when said unit (1) floats, said body of water (2) reaches a still water line (4) of said unit (1), said unit (1) comprising a heading system and a floating body which (5) comprises structure-supporting elements (6) provided with a cross-sectional section and permanently joined at main nodes (7) and arranged to be below said still water surface (4) and to have a length and a width equal to the side length of a square (8) at right angular projection on said still water surface (4) and to have a straight longitudinal centerline (9) through a center point ( 10) in said square (8) and a center point on a side (11) in said square (8), characterized in that each of said main nodes (7) lies on a vertical line (VH) through a center point (10). ) or a midpoint on a side (11) or a vertex (12) in said square (8) and a center of gravity of a two-rivet section in a pillar which (13) is permanently joined to said floating body (5) and arranged to cut said still water surface (4) at right angles and support a wind turbine (14) provided with a rotor ( 15 having a substantially vertical line of rotation (16) and a rotor diameter (D) and a rotor length (L), said unit (1) having eight different horizontal main directions (0 - 0) each having an angular magnitude between naninda main direction and said longitudinal centerline ( 9), wherein one of said eight main directions (0 - 0) phase coincides with the horizontal wind direction by means of naninda heading direction systems arranged to rotate said unit (1) about a said vertical line (VH) through the center point (10) of said square, wherein the size of the required angle of rotation has an interval limited to the 0.5 degrees starboard and port of the arc tangent along said longship centerline (9). The unit according to claim 1, wherein said rotor (15) has different directions of rotation for a first (17) and a second (18) said wind turbine (14). The unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said rotor (15) has different rotor diameters (D) and rotor length (L) for a first (19) and a second (20) said wind turbine (14). HH-142 / 4. The unit according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said unit (1) comprises a layer holding system comprising at least three anchoring lines which (21) are each fixed in said seabed (3) and in a suspension point (22) in said the pillar (13) in the center point (10) of said square, said layer tilting system being arranged to hold said unit (1) in a permanent anchoring position. The unit according to claim 4, wherein said course direction system comprises a delay line handling arrangement (23) arranged to handle at least one delay line (24) having a fixed length adapted to the course of said unit (1) between 27 degrees rotation angle port and starboard about said longship centerline (9) and having two spirits each attached to an anchoring point (F1) in said pillar (13) or in said floating body (5) or in said anchoring line (21) or in a cross line (25) connecting two said anchoring lines (21) and continuous at least two blocks each connected to an anchoring point (F2) in said pillar (13) or in said floating body (5) or in said anchoring line (21) or in said cross line (25) and having an engagement with at least one pulling unit (26 ) arranged to provide a welding force and a traction force in said delay line (24), said handling arrangement (23) being arranged to actively cooperate with the nda delay line (24) so that the course of said unit (1) can thereby be tilted and changed. The unit according to claim 4 or 5, wherein said floating body (5) is provided with at least one propeller (27) arranged to provide a horizontal traction force engaging in at least one of said pillars (13) in the vertices (12) of the square, wherein said unit (1) course clamed can be held and changed. The unit according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein said unit (1) comprises a system for dynamic positioning of the unit arranged to keep the center (10) of said square in a certain position and to keep and change the course of said unit (1), said floating body (5) being provided with at least one propeller (27) arranged to provide a horizontal traction force engaging in at least one of said pillars (13) in the corner points (12) of the square, said propeller (27) being mounted on a propeller shaft arranged to change direction in the horizontal plane. HH-143 / 8. The unit of claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein at least one cable (28) is suspended in said pillar (13) at the center (10) of the square. The unit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least the said pillars (13) in the corner points (12) of the square are provided with a cross-sectional section below the said still water surface (4) having a convex closed planar streamlined figure (29) provided with two shafts, wherein the major axis of the two names is perpendicular to the radius (R) in a horizontal circle with center at the center (10) of said square. The unit according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said square (8) is divided into four smd squares (30) and said structure-supporting elements (6) are permanently joined in bicnut points (31), each of said biknut points (31) lies on a vertical line (VB) through a center point (32) or a center point on a side (33) in each of said four smd squares (30). The unit according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said cross-sectional section of said structure-supporting element (6) comprises two disjoint closed planar figures (34) each having a center of gravity, said two centers of gravity lying on a vertical line (VE). The unit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said floating body (5) comprises at least one strut (35) with a cross-sectional section arranged to permanently join said structure-supporting element (6). The unit according to claims 10, 11 and 12, wherein said struts (34) connect the two said disjunct figures (35) to a bypass (36) provided with a center line coinciding with said vertical line (VB), at least the said bypasses (36) in the said midpoints (33) on the sides of said smd squares (30) having a vertex coinciding with said vertex (12) in said square (8) are provided with a cross-sectional section having a convex closed planar streamlined shape. figure (37) provided with two orthogonal axes, the major axis of the two mentioned being perpendicular to the radius (R) in a horizontal circle with center at the center of said square (10). HH-144 / 14. The unit according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said floating body (5) and pillars (13) are made of steel. A method of second course direction of a floating unit (1) arranged to float in a body of water (2) with a seabed (3) for extracting energy from the speed of the wind (V) and when said unit (1) floats, said a body of water (2) reaches a still water line (4) of said unit (1), said unit (1) comprising a course direction system and a floating body which (5) comprises structuring elements (6) permanently joined in main nodes (7) and arranged to be located below said still water surface (4) and to have a length and width equal to the side length of a square (8) at right angle projection on said still water surface (4) and to have a straight longitudinal centerline (9) through a center point (10) in said square (8) and a center point on a side (11) in said square (8), each of said main node points (7) lying on a vertical line (VH) through a center point (10) or a center point on a side ( 11) or a vertex (12) in said square (8) and a center of gravity t a cross-sectional section of a pillar which (13) is permanently joined to said floating body (5) and arranged to cut said still water surface (4) at right angles and to support a wind turbine (14) provided with a rotor (15) having a substantially vertical line of rotation (16) and a rotor diameter (D) and a rotor length (L), said unit (1) having eight different horizontal main directions (0 - 0) each having an angular magnitude between said main direction and said longitudinal centerline (9), said method comprising the steps of: determining an angular magnitude between the current direction of said longship center line (9) and the geographic north direction (GN); determining an angular magnitude between the horizontal direction of the current wind (V) and the said geographical north direction (GN); compare the angular magnitude between each of the aforementioned Ana main directions (0 - 0) and the geographic north direction (GN), with the angular magnitude between the said horizontal direction of the current wind (V) and the geographic north direction (GN); determine an angular difference between a new direction and the said current direction for said longship center line (9) and the said HH-145 / geographical north direction (GN) so that, at said new direction, the angular magnitude between one of said main directions (0 - 0) and the geographical north direction (GN) coincides with the angular magnitude between the said horizontal direction of the current wind (V) and the geographical north direction (GN); rotating said unit (1) about a said vertical line (VH) through the center point (10) of said square by means of said heading system so that said angular difference is obtained, the size of the required rotation angle having an interval limited to the arc tangent of 0.5 degrees starboard and port on the said longship center line (9). Use of the device according to claims 1 - 14 and execution of the course change according to claim 15 in a floating unit (1) arranged to float in a body of water (2) with a seabed (3) for extracting energy from the speed of the wind (V) , wherein said recovered energy is converted into an electrical or mechanical or visual effect or a combination of two or more of said effects. € 4614 gagaE_-) I 40,1111,0076 s Bkz kraj 14.111WhIk41 1, RAPP -% awS% TM li pa • -0g0 -4411 nkli Ken BAP dagi Mambo qtel 7IAN Korai - M HH-144118 121112 1 12 I1-9 6 3332 +: Mi32 +. d3 iM i33,, 32 1. + 33 ,, 32 +. ‘33 / 33 i33 if 8 / +4 a